New progress in imaging diagnosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 17, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) is a predominant malignancy among women globally, with its etiology remaining largely elusive. Diagnosis primarily relies on invasive histopathological methods, which are often limited by sample representation and processing time. Consequently, non-invasive imaging techniques such as mammography, ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) indispensable for BC screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment monitoring. Recent advancements in technologies artificial intelligence-driven radiomics have enhanced precision medicine enabling early detection, accurate molecular subtyping, personalized therapeutic strategies. Despite reductions mortality through traditional treatments, challenges like tumor heterogeneity resistance persist. Immunotherapies, particularly PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, emerged promising alternatives. This review explores recent developments diagnostics immunotherapeutic approaches, aiming to inform clinical practices optimize outcomes.

Language: Английский

Efficacy of Tislelizumab in Lung Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 15, 2025

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of tislelizumab, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, patients lung cancer. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web Science, CENTRAL databases until February 15, 2025. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tislelizumab control treatments cancer were included. The primary outcomes assessed overall survival (OS) progression-free (PFS). Four phase-III RCTs involving 1,837 included analysis. results demonstrated that significantly improved OS (hazard ratios (HR): 0.72, 95% CI: 0.63-0.81) PFS (HR: 0.61, 0.54-0.68) compared to treatments. Subgroup analyses revealed consistent benefits both non-small-cell (NSCLC) small-cell (SCLC) populations, no significant differences between types. Similarly, comparable whether administered as monotherapy chemotherapy. Low heterogeneity observed among studies, suggesting consistency treatment effects. Follow-up duration studies ranged from 14.2 16.7 months. These findings indicate either combined is an effective option for patients, demonstrating improvements outcomes. However, further high-quality are needed validate these results, particularly SCLC where evidence limited a single study. Future research should also consider patient-specific factors such age, gender, comorbidities refine strategies.

Language: Английский