Advancing Colorectal Cancer Diagnostics from Barium Enema to AI-Assisted Colonoscopy

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 974 - 974

Published: April 11, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global health burden, necessitating continuous advancements in diagnostic methodologies. Traditional screening techniques, including barium enema and fecal occult blood tests, have been progressively replaced by more precise modalities, such as colonoscopy, liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted imaging. Objective: This review explores the evolution of CRC tools, from conventional imaging methods to cutting-edge AI-driven approaches, emphasizing their clinical utility, cost-effectiveness, integration into multidisciplinary healthcare settings. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, Scopus databases, selecting studies that evaluate various endoscopic advancements, biopsy applications, AI-assisted techniques. Key inclusion criteria include on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, outcomes, economic feasibility. Results: colonoscopy has demonstrated superior adenoma detection rates (ADR), reduced interobserver variability, enhanced real-time lesion classification, offering cost-effective alternative particularly high-volume institutions. While provides non-invasive means molecular profiling, it cost-intensive requires frequent testing, making suitable for post-treatment surveillance high-risk patient monitoring. Conclusions: The future diagnostics lies hybrid model, leveraging precision with insights biopsy. is expected revolutionize early detection, risk stratification, personalized treatment ultimately improving outcomes efficiency.

Language: Английский

Liquid Biopsy: The Challenges of a Revolutionary Approach in Oncology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 5013 - 5013

Published: May 23, 2025

Liquid biopsy has gained attention in oncology as a non-invasive diagnostic tool, offering valuable insights into tumor biology through the analysis of circulating nucleic acid (cfDNA and cfRNA), cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), tumor-educated platelets (TEPs). In this review, we summarize clinical use liquid biopsies cancer now look forward to its future, with particular emphasis on some methods used isolate analytes. This technique provides real-time information dynamics, treatment response, disease progression, potential for early diagnosis personalized treatment. Despite advantages, faces several challenges, particularly detecting analytes early-stage cancers evaluating molecular fraction. Tumor burden, fraction, presence subclones can impact sensitivity specificity analysis. Recent advancements artificial intelligence (AI) have enhanced accuracy by integrating data, multimodal approaches that combine multiple biomarkers such ctDNA, CTCs, EVs, TEPs show promise providing more comprehensive view characteristics. revolutionize care rapid, non-invasive, cost-effective diagnostics, enabling timely interventions strategies.

Language: Английский