Metabolomic signatures of pathogen suppression effect of Baltic eelgrass meadows in surrounding seawater

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 979, P. 179518 - 179518

Published: April 27, 2025

Organic molecules exuded into water column by marine organisms represent a significant portion of dissolved organic matter (DOM) that modulates biochemical interactions. Secreted allelochemicals have been suggested to be involved in regulation pathogen abundance seagrass meadows, however, exometabolome has remained unstudied. We aimed identify exometabolites, within and outside explore their potential involvement suppression under varying environmental conditions. collected seawater (SW) samples from eelgrass (Zostera marina)-vegetated (V) non-vegetated (NV) areas across 5 locations spanning 270 km coastline along the German Baltic Sea. Comparative LC-MS/MS-based untargeted computational metabolomics combined with statistical analyses machine learning tools were employed pinpoint (exo)metabolomic signatures leaves. Simultaneously, we measured abiotic parameters three common pathogenic taxa seawater, investigated spatiotemporal variations. Here show correlation biomass reduction effect increasing temperature, eutrophication anthropogenic influences. Exometabolomics studies revealed exudates contributed significantly overall DOM at molecular level, while SW overlying meadows contained many chemical features unique leaf metabolome. identified four flavone aglycones as key biomarkers distinguishing SW-V SW-NV samples. Their drastically increased concentrations correlated lowest biomass, suggesting role regulation. These analytical microbiological approaches indicate flavones are defensive released upon stress serve bioindicators eelgrass' sanitation effect.

Language: Английский

Control of Bacterial Canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) in kiwifruit plants by resinous exudates and extracts of Adesmia balsamica

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2025

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is the pathogen responsible for kiwifruit's bacterial canker, which produces significant economic losses. Effective treatments and measures to control this disease have not yet been found; it currently controlled with many products containing heavy metals (especially copper) or antibiotics streptomycin), can cause serious phytotoxicity antibacterial resistance problems. Therefore, essential develop new strategies by obtaining a product of natural origin sustainable use, biodegradable nontoxic environment, that could be used as biopesticide. The ethyl acetate extract Adesmia balsamica compound 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (2,4-DHCH; 4) exhibited same similar activity, respectively, positive (commercial pesticide) at an effective concentration 500 μg mL-1, on kiwifruit plants (Soreli variety) in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy revealed one main modes-of-action inhibits growth Psa increasing membrane permeation, causing its disruption intracellular alteration. Additionally, application 4 manages canker reducing gene expression related hrp W gene; concentratiosn were specifically detected through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). A. effectively controls vitro vivo applied kiwifruits plants, therefore potential biopesticide potentially other crops. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский