Toxicity Assay and Pathogenic Process Analysis of Clonostachys rogersoniana Infecting Cephalcia chuxiongica

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 709 - 709

Published: March 21, 2025

Cephalcia chuxiongica has caused significant damage to pine forests, becoming a major biological disaster that hinders the sustainable development of forestry in China. To investigate efficacy control measures, entomopathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from larvae Ce. had succumbed diseases. The pathogenic capacity strains was assessed using bioassay methods, their infection process observed scanning electron microscopy. ITS, LSU, TEF analysis disclosed Clonostachys rogersoniana as highly virulent strain responsible for death chuxiongica. optimal medium its mycelial growth sporulation found be PPDA. In addition, revealed median lethal time (LT50) 24.34 h concentration (LC50) 2.35 × 105 conidia/mL, indicating C. possesses potent virulence demonstrates rapid pathogenicity. Furthermore, microscopy demonstrated initially entered body through spiracle progressively made way into wall, resulting insect’s death. mode is exceedingly rare. As consequence, results this study can serve reference management chewing insects, such

Language: Английский

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Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Aoria nigripes (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) Adaption to Flavonoid-Rich Plant Nekemias grossedentata

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 399 - 399

Published: April 10, 2025

This study aimed to explore the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of interaction between N. grossedentata A. nigripes. First, specimens were categorized into low- (6.16% ± 0.66%), medium- (9.23% 1.19%), high-content groups (21.23% 1.23%) based on initial dihydromyricetin concentration in grossedentata. Subsequently, we assessed variations total flavonoids, dihydromyricetin, myricitrin, myricetin plants 24, 48, 72 h post-feeding. Concurrently, analyzed impact plant leaf consumption detoxifying [glutathione S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CarE), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), cytochrome P450 (CYP450)] protective enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) catalase (CAT)] activities nigripes, along with its metabolic processes. The results demonstrated that enhanced secondary metabolites, particularly as a defensive response insect-induced stress. nigripes utilized detoxification systems mitigate effects high flavonoid levels host plant, particular emphasis roles enzymes (GST, AchE, CYP450, CarE) metabolism, which showed significant correlation (p < 0.01) exhibiting coefficients 0.689, 0.633, 0.579, 0.561, respectively. Additionally, key flavonoids observed accumulate different degrees during digestion metabolism insects. These findings lay theoretical foundation for further exploration molecular adaptation flavonoid-rich inform development novel pest control strategies selection resistant varieties.

Language: Английский

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Dual RNA Sequencing of Beauveria bassiana-Infected Spodoptera frugiperda Reveals a Fungal Protease with Entomopathogenic and Antiphytopathogenic Activities

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(34), P. 12757 - 12774

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Insect pests and phytopathogens significantly impact crop yield quality. The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda the phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum cause substantial economic losses in crops like barley wheat. However, entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana shows limited efficacy against FAW, its antiphytopathogenic activities F. remain unclear. Here, dual RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes B. bassiana-infected FAW larvae. We found that BbAorsin gene upregulated at 36 48 h post-infection. encodes a serine-carboxyl protease is mainly blastospores hyphae. Overexpression of ARSEF2860 enhanced virulence Galleria mellonella larvae inhibited growth. recombinant protein induced apoptosis necrosis hemocytes spore germination. These findings shed light on transcriptomic mechanisms governing insect-pathogen interactions, which could aid developing dual-functional entomopathogens anti-phytopathogens.

Language: Английский

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Virulence Bioassay of Entomopathogenic Fungi against Adults of Atta mexicana under Controlled Conditions

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 3039 - 3039

Published: April 4, 2024

Leafcutter ants (Atta spp.) are one of the mos t economically harmful pests in agriculture, considered dominant Neotropics and South America. Mature colonies A. mexicana have a great economic impact on Mexico’s agriculture. Microbial agents form biopesticides an effective component integrated pest management (IPM) strategies may present better alternative to synthetic insecticides. Among fungi most used as biological insecticides there Beauveria bassiana Metarhizium anisopliae. The objective this research was evaluate effect entomopathogenic B. M. anisopliae commercial origin native strain from México (MA-Bb1) adults Atta under controlled conditions. In bioassay, five formulations control group were tested (B. MA-Bb1, MA-Bb1+ Diatomin®, bassiana®, anisopliae®, Tween 80 (0.01%). Diatomin® biopreparation induced highest mortality (100%) four-week-old mexicana, followed by bassiana® biopreparations, which caused 83.33%, 73.98%, 68.70%, respectively. Treatments containing efficient controlling achieved with fungus presented total death rate 96 h post infection, contrast (Tween 80), attained lowest speed investigation.

Language: Английский

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Applicability of entomopathogenic fungi and essential oils against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 53 - 61

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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New Approaches to the Control of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy, 1785) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 192 - 200

Published: June 14, 2024

Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) is a major pest on Pinus spp. in Europe. In this study, new control methods were tried to N. sertifer. The effectiveness of Bauveria bassiana (Nostalgist, Bb %1.5 1 x 10 8 kob /ml min, 250 ml/100L), azadirachtin (Nimbecidine, 0.3g azadirachtin/l, 500 ml/da-100L; Nimiks4.5, 40g /l, 200 ml/100L; Neem Azal ®-T/S, g 300ml/100L) and spinosad (Oread, 480 spinosad/l, 10ml/100L) was tested larvae. addition, the effect idiobiont parasitoid Bracon hebetor (Say) Braconidae) venom evaluated. bassiana, applied larvae by spraying method. Different numbers B. females (1-5 females) also All experiments carried out at 25 ± 1°C, 60-70% relative humidity 16L:8D h photoperiod. After application, survival rates 71.66% 61.66% 6th day 7th day. maximum efficacy obtained with Nimiks 4.5 (40 azadirachtin/l). highest mortality (100.0%) found 24 after application (10ml/100l). most effective combination female 5 7 days duration. study shows that spinosad, can achieve

Language: Английский

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Biological control of Spodoptera frugiperda (Nixon) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in new invaded countries using insect pathogens

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: June 28, 2024

Abstract Background The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Nixon) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the major insect pest that infests cereal crops recently in African and Asian countries. polyphagous attacks large numbers of host plants, especially maize rice, causing considerable losses their annual yield. integrated management (IPM) depended mainly on insecticides to some extent biological control agents including pathogens (nematodes, fungi, bacteria viruses). Results Different species entomopathogens viruses bacteria) infecting could be isolated such newly invaded Laboratory field experiments indicated was found susceptible entomopathogens, thus, they promising biocontrol against this insect. Conclusion This review article proved susceptibility S. most tested entomopathogens. However, more studies have carried out order include within programs pest.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Neem Seed Extract on Mortality, Esterase and Glutathione-S-Transferase Activities in Thai Polyvoltine Hybrid Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 591 - 591

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Neem, a biopesticide, offers safer alternative to the synthetic insecticides commonly used in mulberry cultivation, which can harm silkworms. This study aimed investigate effects of Thai neem seed extract on all instar larvae polyvoltine hybrid silkworm, Bombyx mori L., Dok Bua strains, focusing mortality rate and activities esterase (EST) glutathione S-transferases (GST) enzymes. Acute toxicity was assessed using leaf-dipping method. Results showed that tended be higher younger instars than older ones. The first exhibited highest at 94%, whereas LC50 third 5.23 mg L−1 72 h. trend aligns with EST GST, were evaluated whole bodies midgut tissue fifth larvae. As concentration increased, activity decreased while GST increased both These findings highlight is toxic larvae, playing crucial role detoxification, particularly body silkworm.

Language: Английский

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Size effect of ZIF‐8 based nanocarrier pesticide delivery system on targeted release and insecticidal activity

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract BACKGROUND Traditional chemical pesticides are easily lost by surface runoff and only small quantities reach the target, thus causing serious environmental pollution. In this work, dinotefuran@zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8@polydopamine@zein (DNF@ZIF‐8@PDA@zein), was constructed to deliver DNF with pH enzyme double response of release, thereby achieving targeted release efficient long‐term pest control. RESULTS DNF@ZIF‐8@PDA@zein synthesized three hydrated diameters (249.73 ± 9.99 nm, 142.94 5.63 nm 75.16 4.66 respectively). The from after 28 h significantly higher at 5.0 (89.22 7.18%) compared that 8 (81.8 6.11%). Protease‐assisted notably than without protease (pH 5: 89.22 5.55% versus 27.19 3.22%; 8: 81.8 6.11% 25.39 3.87%). stimuli‐responsive increased decreased particle size due pore size, reduced binding forces (i.e., weaker π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding, Zn–N covalent bonding), shortening diffusion path, leading faster disintegration drug release. Additionally, anti‐photolysis ability 3.2 times pure DNF. insecticidal activity improved smaller nanoparticles rate greater inhibition detoxification more zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) dissolution. CONCLUSION dual‐responsive as well increase nanoparticle showing effective management in potential application prospects sustainable agriculture. © 2024 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Isolation and Evaluation of Indigenous Isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Synergistic Control of Spodoptera frugiperda with the Parasitoid Microplitis prodeniae

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 877 - 877

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) are capable of infecting a variety insect pests and widely used as biopesticides worldwide. This study intended to isolate indigenous EPFs from cadavers

Language: Английский

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