Effects of heavy metals and metalloids on plant-animal interaction and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems—an overview

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 197(1)

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Agricultural specialisation increases the vulnerability of pollination services for smallholder farmers

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(9), P. 2123 - 2134

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract Smallholder farms make up 84% of all worldwide and feed 2 billion people. These are heavily reliant on ecosystem services vulnerable to environmental change, yet under‐represented in the ecological literature. The high diversity crops these systems makes it challenging identify manage best providers an service, such as pollinators meet needs multiple crops. It is also unclear whether service requirements change smallholders transition towards more specialised commercial farming—an increasing trend worldwide. Here, we present a new metric for predicting species providing diverse multi‐crop farming systems. Working 10 smallholder villages rural Nepal, use this test key pollinators, management actions that support them, differ based farmers' agricultural priority (producing nutritious food family vs. generating income from cash crops). We resilience pollination changes farmers specialise show can determine community they rely upon. Wild insects including bumblebees, solitary bees flies provided majority underpinning nutrient production, while generation was much dependent single species—the domesticated honeybee Apis cerana . significantly lower supporting leaves crop pollinator declines. Regardless priority, same collection wild plant (mostly herbaceous weeds shrubs) were important with floral resources. Promoting plants likely enhance region. Synthesis applications highlight increased vulnerability when emphasise role crop, mitigating risk. method could be readily applied other settings across world help characterise livelihoods nutritional health families.

Language: Английский

A Comprehensive Review on Entomovectoring in Agroecosystem

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 190 - 200

Published: July 23, 2024

Protecting beneficial arthropods is essential, as they provide crucial services beyond pollination, including disease and insect pest management. The combination of several ecosystem for agricultural sustainability requires the recognition that biodiversity coupled with bio-complexity, productivity, resilience, functionality. Insects such bumblebees, mason bees, honey bees have long been employed professionally likewise microbial biocontrol agents are frequently in A key aspect pollination ecology entomovectoring technology utilizes managed to disseminate flowering crops. This can enhance crop yields by providing non-chemical protection against pests diseases well enhancing efficiency. based on bee management, manipulation behaviour, components cropping system, plant-pathogen-vector-antagonist system which be a trend-breaking management agriculture will give double benefit i.e. acting together increased yield quality.

Language: Английский