Understanding the Influence of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Invasion Strategies: A Comprehensive Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(22), P. 3162 - 3162

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

The invasion of non-native plant species presents a significant ecological challenge worldwide, impacting native ecosystems and biodiversity. These invasive significantly affect the ecosystem. threat having harmful effects on natural ecosystem is serious concern. Invasive produce secondary metabolites, which not only help in growth development but are also essential for spread these species. This review highlights important functions metabolites invasion, particularly their effect allelopathy, defense system, interaction with micro soil biota, competitive advantages. Secondary produced by play an role affecting allelopathic interactions herbivory. They sometimes change chemistry to make viable condition proliferation. inhibit changing resources available them. Therefore, it necessary understand this complicated between invasion. mainly summarizes all known species, emphasizing significance integrated weed management research.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Pest Management Techniques in a Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Orchard with an Emphasis on Yield Improvement

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42574 - e42574

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a valuable fruit crop mainly grown in the North Indian states of India due to its high-quality juice content. Psylla (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama), whitefly (Dialoeurodes Ashmead), sooty mould (Capnodium citri) and dieback (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) pests are most important biotic constraints affecting yield up 70 percent. To manage these pests, farmers often use mixture non-label claim pesticides (quinalphos 25%EC, lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5%EC, diafenthiuron 50%WP, chlorantraniliprole 18.5%, cymoxanil 8% + mancozeb 64% WP, etc.) without achieving desired effect. Hence, area-wide implementation Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy was implemented during 2021-2023 covering 5 villages at Hisar, Haryana. Among IPM strategy, installing yellow sticky traps @ 20/ha, neem seed kernel extract spray 5%, imidacloprid 17.8SL 0.3% reduced psylla populations. The 1% starch dipping infected fruits bleaching solution 0.1% severity disease. Pruning destruction dead twigs followed by copper oxychloride 50 WP were found very effective too. lowest average population recorded T1-IPM compared T2-farmer practice T3-control, respectively. Minimum disease noticed while highest T3-control. Population dynamics psylla, mould, severity, Area Under Diseases Progress Curve (AUDPC) vary 11th 52nd standard meteorological week (SMW). They observed be T3-control treatment, T1-IPM. natural enemy's populations (Coccinellid, Chrysoperla, spider) T1-IPM, then treatment. B: C ratio validated strategies can adopted growing as an economically viable option for management whitefly, pests.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of different leaf extracts of Melia azedarach formulations on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, infesting tomato plant in vitro and in vivo.

Journal of Natural Pesticide Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100119 - 100119

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Azadirachtin-Mediated Responses in the Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 294 - 294

Published: March 12, 2025

Corn is one of the world’s most economically important cereal crops and can be attacked by Sitophilus zeamais. The control S. zeamais mostly based on synthetic insecticides; however, populations this insect have developed resistance to various chemical compounds. New rational insecticides that prevent development resistant need continuously evaluated. This research aimed assess effects mediated azadirachtin in terms mortality, survival, food preference, repellency. Azadirachtin toxic at larval (LC50 = 3.36 ppm), pupal 23.0 adult 37.7 ppm) stages. At all stages development, survival rate was 99.9% insects not treated with azadirachtin, decreasing 29.9%, 44.9%, 68.5% larvae, pupae, adults LC50 bioinsecticide, respectively. preference for untreated corn grains higher LC25 while LC95 (209 repelled adults. causes lethality zeamais, compromising its reducing feeding protected repellent activity high concentrations. Therefore, use bioinsecticide may offer an alternative field post-harvest.

Language: Английский

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Botanical Pesticides: Role of Ricinus communis in Managing Bactrocera zonata (Tephritidae: Diptera)

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 959 - 959

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a notorious pest, posing significant threat to wide range of fruits and vegetables, leading substantial agricultural losses worldwide. With growing concerns over chemical pesticide resistance environmental safety, plant-based insecticides have emerged as eco-friendly economically sustainable alternatives. In this context, the present study delves into insecticidal potential Ricinus communis extracts against B. zonata. crude extract R. was systematically fractionated using series organic solvents with increasing polarities. fraction demonstrating highest activity further purified for isolation bioactive compounds, employing advanced chromatographic techniques such Column Chromatography, coupled state-of-the-art analytical methods including Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Bioassays were conducted on its fractions in n-hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate. Among isolated 11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid identified both methanol acetate fractions. This compound exhibited remarkable efficacy, an LC50 value 1.36%, linearity R2 = 0.64, statistically probability (p < 0.01). Particularly, most potent agent highlighting natural insecticide. These findings underscore valuable source compounds management cucurbitae. not only broadens scope pest control strategies but also opens avenues exploration integrated management.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity effect of Ricinus communis methanolic extracts against Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Plant Protection Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Bactrocera cucurbitae, commonly known as the melon fruit fly, stands a formidable threat to global agriculture, particularly in cultivation of cucurbitaceous crops. The adaptability, high reproductive capacity, and broad host range B. cucurbitae make it persistent challenge for growers worldwide. Conventional control methods, often reliant on chemical pesticides, pose environmental ecological concerns, necessitating exploration alternative strategies sustainable pest management. Invasive plants exert deleterious effects ecosystems, castor bean plant, Ricinus communis, is no exception. To explore efficacy R. methanol extract was tested find toxicity effect against cucurbitae. In this study, different bioactive compounds were isolated from communis. crude of R. communis subjected fractionating using organic solvents an increasing order polarity, where fraction indicating maximum activity then taken isolation various chromatographic spectroscopic techniques such column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). concentrations extracts at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 2% used. Pure used control. experimental conditions maintained 28 + 20 ºC 65 5% relative humidity. experiment laid out complete randomised design having five replications. A probit analysis LC50 LC90. results showed that, concentration plant increases, mortalities also increased. After 72 h exposure period, exhibited lowest 0.30% LC90 0.60%. This study investigates potential methanolic derived parts communis serve biopesticide which can be easily available, economically feasible, socially acceptable environmentally friendly.

Language: Английский

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The effect of ozone gas, an alternative to conventional fumigants on life stages of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their effect on chemical properties of wheat flour

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(1)

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Abstract The rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a harmful insect pest for grains in storage systems. However, there lack of available data on the effect ozone moth. In this study, we assessed at concentrations 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 g/m 3 six-time intervals (0.5, 2.0, 4.0 h) mortality life stages as well pupation adult emergence. results showed that all stages, percent increased with increasing concentration exposure time h resulted 100.0% egg mortality. highest treated larvae (89.1%) pupae (96.2%) after to ozone. Also, adults were more sensitive than three other stages. A complete was achieved by following times, 1.0 day treatment, 2.0 days treatment 3.0 treatment. Beside mortality, suppressed emergence from immature chemical analysis wheat flour slight decrease protein, fat, carbohydrate, moisture fibre increase ash contents compared untreated flour. Our findings suggest can be effectively used control C. stored

Language: Английский

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