Examining immune-inflammatory mechanisms of probiotic supplementation in depression: secondary findings from a randomized clinical trial

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract We recently indicated that four-week probiotic supplementation significantly reduced depression along with microbial and neural changes in people depression. Here we further elucidated the biological modes of action underlying beneficial clinical effects probiotics by focusing on immune-inflammatory processes. The analysis included a total N = 43 participants depression, from which 19 received supplement 24 placebo over four weeks, addition to treatment as usual. Blood saliva were collected at baseline, post-intervention (week 4) follow-up 8) assess markers (IL-1β, IL-6, CRP, MIF), gut-related hormones (ghrelin, leptin), stress marker (cortisol). Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses conducted identify differentially expressed genes. Finally, analyzed associations between probiotic-induced changes. observed significant group x time interaction for gut hormone ghrelin, indicative an increase group. Additionally, ghrelin was correlated decrease depressive symptoms Transcriptomic identified 51 up- 57 down-regulated genes, involved functional pathways related enhanced immune activity. probiotic-dependent upregulation genes ELANE, DEFA4 OLFM4 associated activation concentration. These results underscore potential produce meaningful patients Further large-scale mechanistic trials are warranted validate extend our understanding measures biomarkers stratification response Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov , identifier: NCT02957591.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Extracellular Vesicles as Signaling Molecules Mediating Host-Microbiota Communications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(23), P. 13166 - 13166

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

Over the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to many health disorders; however, detailed mechanism of this correlation remains unclear. Gut can communicate with host through immunological or metabolic signalling. Recently, microbiota-released extracellular vesicles (MEVs) have emerged as significant mediators in intercellular signalling that could be an integral part microbiota-host communications. MEVs are small membrane-bound encase a broad spectrum biologically active compounds (i.e., proteins, mRNA, miRNA, DNA, carbohydrates, and lipids), thus mediating horizontal transfer their cargo across intra- space. In study, we provide comprehensive in-depth discussion biogenesis microbial-derived EVs, classification routes production, well role inter-bacterial inter-kingdom signaling.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 915 - 915

Published: Sept. 10, 2021

The spreading of antibiotic resistance is responsible annually for over 700,000 deaths worldwide, and the prevision that this number will increase exponentially. identification new antimicrobial treatments a challenge requires scientists all world to collaborate. Developing drugs an extremely long costly process, but it could be paralleled by drug repositioning. latter aims at identifying clinical targets "old" has already been tested, approved, even marketed. This approach very intriguing as reduce costs speed up approval timelines, since data from preclinical studies on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity are available. Antidepressants antipsychotics have described inhibit planktonic sessile growth different yeasts bacteria. main findings in field discussed critical review, along with description possible microbial these molecules. Considering their activity, manuscript highlights important implications administration antidepressants may gut microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Safety and feasibility of faecal microbiota transplant for major depressive disorder: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial

Pilot and Feasibility Studies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Mental disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), are a leading cause of non-fatal burden disease globally. Current conventional treatments for depression have significant limitations, and there been few new in decades. The microbiota-gut-brain-axis is now recognised as playing role mental brain health, promising preclinical clinical data suggest Faecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) may be efficacious treating range illnesses. However, no existing published studies humans evaluating the efficacy FMT MDD.This protocol describes an 8-week, triple-blind, 2:1 parallel group, randomised controlled pilot trial (n = 15), enema-delivered treatment 10) compared with placebo enema 5) adults moderate-to-severe MDD. There will further 26-week follow-up to monitor longer-term safety. Participants receive four or enemas over consecutive days. primary aims study evaluate feasibility safety adjunctive MDD adults. Changes gut microbiota assessed secondary outcome. Other collected, changes anxiety symptoms, parameters.Modification microbiota-gut-brain axis via potential MDD, but rigorous trials its use. If this finds that our strategy safe feasible, larger fully powered RCT planned. Further high-quality research field urgently needed address unmet need.Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000932864.

Language: Английский

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Prospective Observational Study to Assess Quality of Life before and after Introduction of Probiotic Nutraceuticals and Probiotic Food (Curd) in Subjects with Depression: A Comparative Analysis

Indian Journal of Private Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 43 - 47

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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