The Tangled Threads: Unveiling the interplay between the sense of Body Ownership and the Sense of Agency in impacting the Bodily-Self Representation in Eating Disorders

Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 270 - 285

Published: March 6, 2025

The feeling of owning a body (body ownership) and controlling its actions (sense agency) contributes to the emergence bodily-self representation, whose alteration is at root central psychopathology Eating Disorders (EDs). Yet, studies addressing these aspects in EDs provided inconsistent results. Here, we simultaneously test ownership sense agency compared controls by exploiting different rubber hand illusion (RHI) paradigms (i.e., classic visuo-tactile, passive active visuo-motor versions). In any RHI versions, no differences susceptibility between patients emerged questionnaire, thus suggesting normal multisensory integration mechanism. Crucially, correlation analysis revealed that higher level dissatisfaction associated with increased RHI, as measured questionnaire. Interestingly, bulimic variant reported toward fake visuo-tactile revealing an abnormal absence voluntary movement. Moreover, exhibited proprioceptive drift both synchronous asynchronous conditions. Hence, our results dissociation explicit implicit measures, showing more plastic representation when enlists movements, leading stronger visual-capture proprioception. This study understanding intricate link agency, shedding light on role driving self EDs.

Language: Английский

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The oracle of Delphi 2.0: considering artificial intelligence as a challenging tool for the treatment of eating disorders

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: June 19, 2023

In this editorial, we discuss how the diffusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools-such as recently available conversational AIs-could impact and transform eating disorders (EDs) care. We try to envision possible use AI by individuals affected EDs clinicians, in terms prevention, support treatment, development new actually personalized treatment strategies. then focus on introduction into psychotherapy could either represent an element disruption for therapeutical relationship or be positively creatively integrated session inter-sessional dynamics. As technological advancements open scenarios where anyone have access a personal all-knowing "oracle", ability formulate questions, individuals' experiences, scientific rigor with which clinicians study them must remain at center our work. Ethical legal issues about are also considered.

Language: Английский

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Inpatient treatments for adults with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review of literature

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: May 20, 2024

Abstract Purpose Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder for which hospitalization frequently needed in case of severe medical and psychiatric consequences. We aim to describe the state-of-the-art inpatient treatment AN real-world reports. Methods A systematic review literature on major databases, spanning from January 2011 October 2023, was performed, using keywords: “inpatient”, “hospitalization” “anorexia nervosa”. Studies pediatric populations inpatients residential facilities were excluded. Results Twenty-seven studies (3501 subjects) included, nine themes related primary challenges faced settings selected. About 81.48% detailed clinical team, 51.85% cited use psychotherapeutic model, 25.93% addressed motivation, 100% specified setting, 66.67% nutrition refeeding, 22.22% pharmacological therapy, 40.74% described admission or discharge criteria 14.81% follow-up, used tests assessment psychopathology. Despite factors defined by international guidelines, data not homogeneous adequately admission/discharge criteria, while more comprehensive details available settings, refeeding protocols, psychometric assessments. Conclusion Though heterogeneity among included considered, existence sparse objectives, modalities emerged, outlining sometimes ambiguous report practices. Future must description approaches. This will enable uniform depictions treatment, facilitating comparisons across different establishing guidelines grounded scientific evidence. Level evidence I, review.

Language: Английский

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The role of minority stress in disordered eating: a systematic review of the literature

Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: June 8, 2024

Abstract Purpose Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) show a heightened risk of disordered eating compared to heterosexual cisgender people, disparity which may be caused by exposure minority-specific stressors, such as discrimination violence. This systematic review aims summarize available evidence on the role minority stress in SGM-specific aspects. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, scientific search engines (EBSCO, PUBMED, Web Science) were screened up 31st January 2024, including English-language original research papers containing analyses relationship between eating. 2416 records gathered for screening. After application inclusion exclusion criteria, thematic analysis was conducted regarding 4 questions: effects eating, mediating factors, specificities SGMs differences identity categories. Results 30 studies included. Several aspects are reliably associated with different forms The stressors is mediated shame, body or negative affect. several specificities, presence LGBTQIA + communities additional gender-related pressures. Bisexual people appear feature comparatively higher risks, factors shape paths leading risk. Conclusion Minority an important predictor making SGM people’s health particularly at Institutional organizational anti-discrimination policies needed, well further research. Clinical interventions benefit from exploring incorporating how impact people. Evidence level I—Systematic review.

Language: Английский

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A quantitative study on peripersonal space in anorexia nervosa and healthy subjects: Role of social variables and association with psychopathology

International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 100476 - 100476

Published: June 18, 2024

This study investigates peripersonal space (PPS) modulation in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) versus healthy controls (HCs) and explores associations between PPS, eating-related, general psychopathology.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Impulsivity in Anorexia Nervosa in Correlation with Eating and Obsessive Symptoms: A Comparison with Healthy Controls

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1156 - 1156

Published: April 13, 2024

Impulsivity in eating disorders (ED) has been historically focused on bingeing–purging symptoms, evidencing lower levels restricting subtypes. In the recent literature, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) described as characterized by high cognitive impulsivity. This specific impulsivity factor rarely studied anorexia nervosa (AN). this study, 53 inpatients with and 59 healthy controls completed following questionnaires: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (OCI), Eating Disorders Inventory—2 (EDI–2), State–Trait Anxiety (STAI), Beck Depression (BDI). AN individuals showed significantly increased of instability but no difference global score other subscales compared to controls. Among individuals, emerged being associated obsession subscale OCI. It was also interoceptive awareness impulse regulation. Cognitive main predictor obsessive thoughts behaviors AN. Our study supports hypothesis adds result that domain may be presence specifically thoughts.

Language: Английский

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“I’m Not Hungry:” Bodily Representations and Bodily Experiences in Anorexia Nervosa

Review of Philosophy and Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 749 - 771

Published: May 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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How sexual objectification marks the brain: fMRI evidence of self-objectification and its harmful emotional consequences

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 297, P. 120729 - 120729

Published: July 9, 2024

Female Sexual Objectification refers to perceiving and treating women based on their body appearance. This phenomenon may serve as a precursor for dysfunctional behaviors, particularly among females prone self-objectification experiencing shame emotions. Understanding this challenging trajectory by disclosing its neural consequences be crucial comprehending extreme psychopathological outcomes. However, investigations in sense are still scarce. The present study explores the correlates of female participants' experiences being objectified relationship with self-objectification, emotional responses individual dispositions self-esteem, emotion regulation abilities self-conscious proneness. To aim, 25 participants underwent an fMRI experimental session while they were exposed interpersonal encounters objectifying or non-objectifying men. Participants' experienced emotions levels attention shifted toward bodies (self-objectification) was reported after each interaction. results revealed increased brain activity contexts, impacting cortical (frontal, occipital temporal cortex) subcortical regions (thalamus, hippocampus) involved visual, emotion, social processing. Remarkably, inferior gyrus emerged hub associated opposite ways self-esteem shame, highlighting role self-referential processing during dynamics. points out importance adopting neuroscientific perspective deeper understanding sexual objectification, shed light possible consequences.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of suicide attempt, suicide ideation and self-harm at diagnosis in adolescents with eating disorders

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 63 - 67

Published: March 1, 2024

Data concerning the suicide prevalence of eating disorder (ED) subtypes and predictive factors are lacking in youth. This study aimed to examine attempts (SA), ideation (SI) self-harm (SH) upon diagnosis adolescents with EDs.

Language: Английский

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Role of parental educational level as psychosocial factor in a sample of inpatients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 17, 2024

Introduction Evidence on parental educational level (PEL) as a risk factor for Eating Disorders (EDs) is mixed, and no study has assessed its role in relation to the compliance outcomes of treatments EDs. Further, differentiated from mothers fathers, nor considered possible mediation perfectionism fostering Methods A clinical sample 242 first-ever admitted inpatients with EDs provided information PEL completed following questionnaires: Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (F-MPS). Clinicians also Hamilton Rating Anxiety (HAM-A) Depression (HAM-D) each participant. Results Individuals high (whether mothers, or both parents) showed significantly higher scores depressive symptoms lower criticism, were younger, had an earlier age onset, fewer years illness, more students employed, offspring. fathers parents levels suffered Anorexia Nervosa rather than Bulimia Nervosa, longer length stay during current hospitalization, less dietary restraint, personal standards. rate previous substance alcohol addiction. Personal standards partially mediated relationship between restraint. Discussion emerged be twofold psychosocial factor, being associated stay, but shorter duration illness better scholar working involvement. Higher was related not global perfectionism. Patterns eating psychopathology based fathers.

Language: Английский

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