International consensus on fasting terminology

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(8), P. 1779 - 1794.e4

Published: July 25, 2024

Although fasting is increasingly applied for disease prevention and treatment, consensus on terminology lacking. Using Delphi methodology, an international, multidisciplinary panel of researchers clinicians standardized definitions various approaches in humans. Five online surveys a live conference were conducted with 38 experts, 25 whom completed all 5 surveys. Consensus was achieved the following terms: "fasting" (voluntary abstinence from some or foods beverages), "modified fasting" (restriction energy intake to max. 25% needs), "fluid-only fasting," "alternate-day "short-term (lasting 2-3 days), "prolonged (≥4 consecutive "religious fasting." "Intermittent (repetitive periods lasting ≤48 h), "time-restricted eating," "fasting-mimicking diet" discussed most. This study provides expert recommendations future research clinical applications, facilitating communication cross-referencing field.

Language: Английский

---

Important denominator between autoimmune comorbidities: a review of class II HLA, autoimmune disease, and the gut

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are associated with more diseases than any other region of the genome. Highly polymorphic HLA produce variable haplotypes that specifically correlated pathogenically different autoimmunities. Despite differing etiologies, however, many autoimmune disorders share same risk-associated often resulting in comorbidity. This shared risk remains an unanswered question field. Yet, several groups have revealed links between gut microbial community composition and diseases. Autoimmunity is frequently dysbiosis, loss barrier function permeability tight junctions, which increases class II expression levels thus further influences microbiome. However, autoimmune-risk-associated connected to dysbiosis long before autoimmunity even begins. review evaluates current research on HLA-microbiome-autoimmunity triplex proposes pre-autoimmune bacterial important determinant comorbidities systemic inflammation as a common denominator.

Language: Английский

---

Re-evaluation of dietary interventions in rheumatoid arthritis: can we improve patient conversations around food choices?

Rheumatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(8), P. 1409 - 1419

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of over 100 different types autoimmune conditions. In RA, the cells immune system attack tissue lining joints, triggering inflammation. A large body research suggests that underlying trigger(s) RA are unique to an individual. For example, increased risk can be driven by smoking tobacco in individual and mercury exposure another. Due development next-generation sequencing technology, critical role microbiota shaping has been elucidated. Therefore, it surprising diet, arguably most important lever gut microbiota, ineffective treatment even a sub-set patients. To attempt rationalise this apparent paradox, we conducted umbrella review address question as whether diet affect outcomes RA.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Fasting on THP1 Macrophage Metabolism and Inflammatory Profile

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 9029 - 9029

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Fasting can affect the body's inflammatory response, and this has been linked to potential health benefits, including improvements for people with rheumatic diseases. In work, we evaluated, in vitro, how changes nutrient availability alter response of macrophages. Macrophage-differentiated THP1 cells were cultured, deprived FCS or subjected cycles deprivation restoration mimic intermittent fasting. Changes macrophage phenotype, cells' stimuli level mitochondrial alteration assessed. The results indicate that while periods serum starvation are associated a decrease IL1β TNFα expression, consistent an anti-inflammatory promote pro-inflammatory phenotype. Rapid reducing capacity also observed. Of note, some changes, such as production oxygen free radicals, reversed refeeding, others, capacity, maintained even increased. This study shows different fasting protocols have diverging effects highlights time-limited significantly functions cell cultures. These findings help elucidate mechanisms by which specific dietary interventions could control

Language: Английский

---

Gut-Joint Axis: Impact of Bifidobacterial Cell Wall Lipoproteins on Arthritis Development

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Gut microbiota affects progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study aims at investigating the protective potential Bifidobacterium longum cell wall lipoproteins (Lpps) shown to modulate intestinal microbiome and prevent osteoarthritis. Arthritis was induced by collagen (CIA) or anti-collagen antibodies (CAIA) injection. Intake 0.5 mg Lpps /L, but not 0.25 1mg Lpps/L significantly alleviated RA symptoms in CIA DBA/1OOaHsd mice. index (AI) also reduced CAIA In protected group, colon Ligilactobacillus murinus, caecal Lactobacillus johnsonii spleen weight correlated with AI, whereas reverse observed splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells (cDCs). unprotected group harbored higher E. coli lower L.murinus. administration mice after induction led plexicaudatum counts. Splenocytes from triggered LPS secreted Il-10 than control ones. However, IL-10 response elicited gnotobiotic splenocytes cDCs recruitment. Labeled bacteria signal were detected bone marrow (BM) 5 16h post-gavage Peyer’s patches spleen. vitro uptake primary BM thymus within 24h. FACS analysis plasmacytoid compartment cDCs. conclusion, dosing is critical for preventing appropriately modulating microbiome. Our results highlight possible triggering immune system Lpps.

Language: Английский

---

Defining Prolonged and Intermittent Fasting: International Consensus on Fasting Terminology

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Although fasting is increasingly applied to disease prevention and treatment, consensus on terminology lacking. Using Delphi methodology, an international, multidisciplinary panel of researchers clinicians standardized definitions various approaches. Five online surveys a live conference were conducted with 38 experts, 25 whom completed all five [Europe (n=12), North America Australia (n=1)]. Consensus was achieved for the terms: "fasting" (voluntary abstinence from some or foods beverages), "modified fasting" (restriction energy intake max. 25% needs), "fluid-only fasting", "alternate-day "short-term (lasting 1-3 days), "prolonged (≥4 consecutive days) "religious fasting". "Intermittent (repetitive periods lasting ≤48 h), "time-restricted eating" "fasting-mimicking diet" discussed most. This study provides expert recommendations future research clinical applications, facilitating communication cross-referencing in field.Funding Information: Financial support this project provided by Immanuel Hospital Berlin.Conflict Interests: Daniela A. Koppold Andreas Michalsen are members steering committee Medical Association Fasting Nutrition (ÄGHE). D.A.K. has co-founded Academy Integrative (AIF), institution qualification medical staff applications. serves as consultant mobile application intermittent (FASTIC) well company producing plant-based supplements (EVERYYIN). A.M. also Co-founder SALUFAST company. Lanserhof. Etienne Hanslian Anika Rajput-Khokhar Courtney Peterson no conflicts interest. C.P. receives grant funding National Institutes Health Department Defense fasting. Grant Tinsley inventor international patent "Compositions methods use beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) associated fasting." Claudio Vernieri advsory board Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Menarini Daiichi Sankyo. He honoraria speaker Istituto Gentili, Accademia di Medicina grants Roche.C.V. supported AIRC (Associazione Italiana per la ricerca sul Cancro) MFAG 22977, ERC (European Research Council) METABALANCANCER - 101117893, Giuliani Foundation: Fondazione Gianmaria e Sabrina Richard J. Bloomer CalerieHealth Tecton, coauthor The Daniel Cure: Fast Way Vibrant Health. Kelsey Gabel conflict K.G. disclosed receipt following financial support: [12HD101373 5P30AG022849] Alan C. Goldhamer owns facility that offers supervision. non-profit performs humans he owner TrueNorth Center president Foundation. Michelle Harvie co-authored three self-help books public follow diets. All author proceeds paid directly charity Prevent Breast Cancer (registered number 1109839) fund breast cancer research. M.H. undertakes webinars Nestlé Science Oviva. payments made Manchester University Foundation Trust. Benjamin D. Horne member advisory boards Opsis Lab Me Analytics, Pfizer regarding risk scores (funds Intermountain), site PI (not related fasting) Patient-Centered Outcomes Institute, NIH RECOVER initiative, Task Force Global Jost Langhorst consulting activities Medizinverlage Stuttgart; Ferring Arzneimittel GmbH; Repha Dr. Willmar Schwabe. Falk Foundation; GmbH biologische Arzneimittel; Schwabe; Galapagos Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Janssen Cilag, Pfleger Arzneimittel, Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH, Bionorica, Luvos Just Pfitzer Pharma Enterosan Labordiagnostik. J.L. Foundation, Schwabe, TechLab. Frank Madeo equity interests advisor Longevity Labs (TLL) scientific cofounder Samsara Therapeutics. F.M. grateful Austrian Fund FWF (F3012, W1226, P31727, P37016, P 37278) Federal Ministry Education, Graz 'Unkonventionelle Forschung-InterFast Fast4Health'. We acknowledge Field Excellence BioHealth NAWI BioTechMed-Graz flagship 'EPIAge'. Ioannis-Eleemon Papagiannopoulos-Vatopaidinos Martha Ritzmann-Widderich Krista Varady received fees Hachette Book Group Every Other Day Diet. Rafael de Cabo R.d.C. part Intramural Program at NIA, Valter Longo interest L-Nutra Inc., markets sells FMD. USC licensed intellectual property license agreement, potential receive royalty L-Nutra. One-hundred percent V.D.L.'s assigned nonprofit foundation Create Cures. Satchidananda Panda "The Circadian Code" Diabetes Code". Rainer Stange (ÄGHE), Physicians Natural Medicine (ZAEN), honoraries conduct trials, lectures Biologische Langenhagen, germany, mediconomics Hannover, Germany S.A. Vogel, Roggwil, Switzerland, Clinica Holistica Engiadina, Susch, Roleca Germany. Remaining authors have interest.Ethical Approval: protocol approved institutional review Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin) February 2022 (ID: EA4/028/22). registered ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials ID: NCT05668156) according standards Declaration Helsinki. Written informed consent obtained participants prior entry.

Language: Английский

---

Serial neutrophils count as a stratifying tool for early follicular tonsilitis remission

World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 145 - 153

Published: May 11, 2024

Background/Aim: This study examines the correlation between sequential serum neutrophil levels and overall improvement status or reduction rate of intravenous antibiotic administration. seeks to identify a cost-effective easily accessible biomarker that can accurately predict need for hospitalisation in patients with acute tonsillitis who are receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. The goal is determine patients' suitability early discontinuation antibiotics discharge. Methods: was conducted at King Hussein Medical Centre Jordan, focusing on severe did not respond oral Data collected from electronic medical record system (Hakeem) January 2018 May 2021. classified serial measurements during first week hospital admission into four categories. were compared non-penicillin Cohort (Group I) penicillin II) using an Independent-T Test. outcomes interest included drop counts exceeding 50%, decrease use favor antibiotics, eligibility also examined over tested days positive negative states receiver operating curve analyses. optimal cutoff point each ROC determined by selecting highest Youden's index prognosticator day level. analysis all results SPSS version 20 significance level set p-value <0.05. Results: analyzed 1638 adult elderly admitted KHMC, RMS, Amman, Jordan average age 51.88±16.22 years, dependent being slightly older. distribution males females significant, making up 2.55 times number females. odds ratio 4.12, high poor 1318 out eligible patients. A total 994 (60.7%) treated administration, while 644 (39.3%) surgical scheduled tonsillectomy procedure. risk estimate wards 0.562. provided sensitivity prognosticators different levels. Conclusion: supports Somatic Nucleated Cell (SNC) as reliable measure evaluating EFR cases catarrhal tonsillitis. maximum SNC count Group one 11,269 cells per cubic millimeter. Acute streptococcal infection often exhibits ESR higher than 40, but this may be concealed other complications. test has advantages like simplicity, quickness, cost-effectiveness, lacks specificity. Monitoring fluctuations initiate treatment cessation, preventing relapse complications recovery.

Language: Английский

---

Ernährung und Fasten

Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Stimmt es eigentlich, dass man über die Ernährung die Darmflora und damit die chronische Entzündung bei JIA beeinflussen kann?

Arthritis und Rheuma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(06), P. 414 - 418

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Entzündungsprozesse über die Ernährung zu regulieren, birgt das attraktive Potenzial, medikamentöse Behandlungen unterstützen oder deren Reduktion ermöglichen, Entzündungsschübe unterbinden und Familien der Betroffenen in Behandlung integrieren. Dabei besteht derzeit vor allem Chance, mittels Darmflora Patient*innen beeinflussen, im Fokus. Die hat einen besonderen Einfluss auf menschliche Gesundheit, da sie durch ständige Interaktion mit dem Immunsystem Darm Immunantworten formt. Eine nicht ausbalancierte beeinträchtigt auch Balance des Immunsystems ist damit potenziell an dysregulierten Immunantworten, so wie bei JIA vorkommen, beteiligt. Dass ein potenzieller Ansatz zur Modulation positivem Effekt Symptomatik ist, erläutern wir anhand einiger Studien für Beispielen aus rheumatoiden Arthritis. gefundenen Mechanismen hinter entzündungshemmenden unterschiedlicher Ernährungskonzepte sind vielfältig, involvieren verschiedene Immunzellen Stoffwechselprodukte, aber von Individualität geprägt. Damit ergibt sich bezüglich Ernährungsempfehlungen wenig Konkretes, dafür zukünftig gezieltes Einbeziehen JIA-Studien Chance personalisierte Therapieunterstützung.

---

Gut–Joint Axis: Impact of Bifidobacterial Cell Wall Lipoproteins on Arthritis Development

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(23), P. 4861 - 4861

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Gut microbiota affect progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study aims at investigating the protective potential Bifidobacterium longum cell wall lipoproteins (Lpps) shown to modulate intestinal microbiome and prevent osteoarthritis. Arthritis was induced by collagen (CIA) or anti-collagen antibodies (CAIA) injection. Intake 0.5 mg Lpps/L, but not 0.25 1 significantly alleviated RA symptoms in CIA DBA/1OOaHsd mice. index (AI) also reduced CAIA In CIA-protected group, colon Ligilactobacillus murinus, caecal Lactobacillus johnsonii spleen weight correlated with AI, whereas reverse observed splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells (cDCs). unprotected Lpps group harbored higher cecal E. coli lower L. murinus. administration mice after induction led plexicaudatum counts. Splenocytes from triggered LPS secreted Il-10 than control ones. However, a IL-10 response elicited gnotobiotic splenocytes cDCs’ recruitment. Labeled bacteria signal were detected bone marrow (BM) cDCs 5 16 h post-gavage Peyer’s patches spleen. vitro uptake primary BM thymus within 24 h. An FACS analysis plasmacytoid compartment cDCs. conclusion, dosing is critical for preventing appropriately modulating microbiome. Our results highlight possible triggering immune system Lpps.

Language: Английский

---