Lung Cancer—Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Molecular Aspect (Review of Literature)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2049 - 2049

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers in countries and leading cause death among diseases worldwide. Despite constant progress diagnosis therapy, survival rates patients diagnosed with lung remain unsatisfactory. Numerous epidemiological experimental studies conducted as early 1970s confirm that important risk factor for development long-term smoking, which remains valid to this day. In paper, authors present latest data on epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment molecular aspects cancer. last decade, many alterations are effective have been discovered. adenocarcinoma, tyrosine kinase inhibitors were developed EGFR mutations ALK ROS1 translocations approved use advanced stage adenocarcinomas. case squamous cell carcinoma, evaluation these not yet being used clinical practice. addition, there ongoing concerning potential therapeutic targets, such ROS, MET, FGFR, DDR-2 RET. Constant diagnostic methods gives rise hopes an improved prognosis

Language: Английский

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Non-small cell lung cancer

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 131 - 152

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Targeted therapy of non-small cell lung cancer: mechanisms and clinical trials

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, and traditional chemotherapy has limited efficacy in treating advanced non-small cell lung (NSCLC). In recent years, the prognosis for patients with NSCLC significantly improved due to development new treatment modalities, including targeted therapies. Targeted therapies utilize monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), or small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed against specific mutated genes such as EGFR ALK. The these drugs deepened our understanding outcomes patients. This review aims summarize mechanisms current status therapy NSCLC, discuss strategies overcome acquired resistance, address challenges field.

Language: Английский

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Identification of a novel Src inhibitor K882 derived from quinazoline-based stilbenes with anti-NSCLC effect

Bioorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 108185 - 108185

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in the use of liquid crystalline nanoparticles for non-small cell lung cancer treatment

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Introduction Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to pose a considerable health challenge with few therapeutic alternatives. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCN) are nanostructured drug delivery systems made of lipid-based amphiphilic materials that self-assemble into phases in aqueous environments. LCN have become promising way treat NSCLC owing their specific properties make them useful for targeted and controlled release.

Language: Английский

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miR-210: A non-invasive biomarker for hypoxia-driven lung cancer diagnosis and therapy

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 120215 - 120215

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells in pulmonary pathophysiology

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Purpose of review Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAIT) have been associated with lung cancer and pulmonary infections. The treatment patients or infections includes host-directed therapies (HDTs). MAIT play a role in shaping the ‘milieu interne’ this addresses biology pathophysiology. Recent findings represent an attractive target for therapy malignancies are often difficult to exploit therapeutically due diversity both T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire its ligandome. MAIT-cells restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein (MR1) that presents nondefined tumor-associated targets, bacterial products, vitamin drug derivates. Due their plasticity expression, able conversely switch from IFN-γ IL-17 production. Both cytokines key protective immune responses malignancies. MAIT-derived production interleukin (IL)-17/TGF-β shapes tumor micro-environment (TME), including tissue re-modelling leading fibrosis recruitment neutrophils. contribute gut-lung axis clinical improved checkpoint inhibition therapy. at crossroad HDTs targeting malignant infected cells. Clinical presentations overt inflammation, re-modeling reviewed along balance between Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17 immune-suppression Summary shape TME Drugs affect can be explored achieve results while curbing tissue-damaging responses.

Language: Английский

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Prognostic Factors Affecting the Overall Survival and Disease-Free Survival in Carcinoma Lung Patients Treated with Sequential Chemoradiation and Concurrent Chemoradiation: A Retrospective Study

Journal of Analytical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 4 - 12

Published: April 4, 2025

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most commonly occurring worldwide accounting for 12.4% of total new cases and also leading cause deaths (18.7%). In India, accounts 5.8% 8.2% deaths. Chemotherapy Radiation therapy plays a major role in treatment especially inoperable cases. this study we evaluated factors which could affect Overall Survival (OS) Disease -Free (DFS) patients with carcinoma treated by Sequential Chemoradiation (CTRT) Concurrent CTRT. Materials Method: A retrospective review was carried out on 38 who were either or CTRT at our institute. Various like age, gender, habits, disease laterality, histology, group stage, received radiation dose evaluated. Results analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Median age 65 years. The majority men (89.4 %) smokers (57.8%). Adenocarcinoma (63.2%) common histological type followed Squamous cell (18.4%) Small (18.4%). Majority left-sided tumors (52.6%). Most stage IIIA (44.7%) IIIB (39.5%). (78.9%) rest (21.1%). mean used 61.82Gy (Range: 45Gy-66Gy). 2-year OS DFS all 21% 18.4% respectively 5-year 13.1% 10.5% respectively. better diagnosed young (36-45 years), females, non-smokers, left-sidedtumors, but not statistically significant except Stage (p=0.007) left-sidedtumors (p=0.029) had significantly Conclusion: Young tumors, histology are favorable prognostic patients. Left-sided DFS.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Lung Cancer Prediction Based on Symptomatic and Lifestyle Features

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 4507 - 4507

Published: April 19, 2025

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality, with early detection being critical for improving the patient survival rates. However, applying machine learning and deep effectively lung prediction using symptomatic lifestyle data requires careful consideration feature selection model optimization, which is not consistently addressed in existing research. This research addresses this gap by systematically evaluating comparing predictive efficacy several models, employing rigorous preprocessing, including Pearson’s correlation, outlier removal, normalization, on symptom factor dataset from Kaggle. Machine classifiers, Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, AdaBoost, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, were implemented Weka simultaneously neural network models 1, 2, 3 hidden layers, developed Python within Jupyter Notebook environment. The performance was assessed K-fold cross-validation 80/20 train/test splitting. results highlight importance enhancing accuracy demonstrate that single-hidden-layer network, trained 800 epochs, achieved 92.86%, outperforming models. study contributes to developing more effective computational methods detection, ultimately supporting improved outcomes.

Language: Английский

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The Prognostic and Predictive Roles of Ataxia–Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) Expression in Patients with Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Pembrolizumab Monotherapy Alone or in Combination with Chemotherapy

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1048 - 1048

Published: April 21, 2025

Background/Objectives: This study investigated the prognostic and predictive significance of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) expression in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated pembrolizumab. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 49 NSCLC received first-line pembrolizumab, either as a single agent or combination chemotherapy. ATM archival pathology specimens assessed using immunohistochemistry, where nuclear staining considered to be positive. categorized into low- high-expression groups based intensity percentage positive cells. Subsequently, value evaluated. Results: In terms demographics, mean age 62.7 ± 9.5, most (91.8%) male, majority (75.5%) had adenocarcinoma. The objective response rate (ORR) 69.4%, high 75.5% patients. Patients low significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) compared those (51 vs. 5.7 months, p = 0.004). multivariate analysis, only independent factor for PFS, showing that shorter overall (OS) 8.9 0.013), which statistically significant (HR 2.41, 0.034). Logistic regression showed expression, well presence bone metastasis absence liver metastasis, associated treatment (p 0.006; OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.008-0.45). Conclusions: findings this concerning biomarker should interpreted cautiously due inherent limitations, including its design, semi-quantitative nature immunohistochemistry assessment, small sample size uneven clinical characteristics, relatively short follow-up period, collectively impact generalizability. Despite these lower better prognosis pembrolizumab response, suggesting it may valuable predicting factors.

Language: Английский

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