Gastroenterology & Endoscopy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Medical alphabet, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 36 - 41
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI–IBS) is the first phenotype of disease described in literature and most studied to date. The prevalence PI–IBS population continues grow steadily especially post-COVID-19 pandemic period. Taking into account accumulated scientific clinical data dysfunction functional axis «microbiota-gut-brain» associated with formation visceral hypersensitivity intestinal motor disorders due abnormal serotonin metabolism, increased permeability low-grade inflammation considered as a key pathogenetic factor underlying development persistence symptoms. This review article analyzes summarizes information on mechanisms changes neurohumoral regulation, well qualitative quantitative composition microbiota. In addition, possibility using probiotic therapy complex patients are presented.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1349 - 1349
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
The upper oesophagogastrointestinal (UEGI) tract histology, intestinal morphometry and lymphocyte subpopulations of healthy people is scarcely known. In research studies inflammation involving the UEGI tract, there a lack adequate controls. Aims: To evaluate histology duodenal volunteers patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), latter to assess if it could replace subjects. Healthy individuals were excluded they had symptoms, comorbidities, pregnancy, toxics, medications or abnormal blood analysis. Subjects in both groups intraepithelial (IEL) counts also excluded. A total 280 subjects assessed, 37 included (23 14 GERD). GERD group showed higher IEL count (median [IQR]: 19.5 [17–22]), than group: (15 [12–18]), p = 0.004. Eosinophils, mast cells similar groups. lamina propria, CD4+ T decreased (p 0.008), CD8+ increased 0.014). innate lymphoid (ILC) CD3− 0.007) compared At level, NKT 0.036) ILC3 0.049) group. This first study comprehensively map help define “gold standard” normality. differences found between suggest that, whenever possible, should be studies. Alternatively, we can consider well-defined homogenous serve as control
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 629 - 629
Published: March 5, 2025
Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a complex disorder characterized by altered gut–brain interactions, with gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolic dysregulation playing key roles in its pathophysiology. Identifying specific alterations within the colonic mucosa may enhance our understanding of IBS contribute to improved diagnostic therapeutic approaches. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed metabolomic profiles mucosal biopsies from 44 patients assessed ROME IV criteria 69 healthy controls undergoing colonoscopy. Untargeted profiling was conducted using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), differential metabolite analysis performed via fold-change calculations machine learning-based classification. Results: exhibited distinct profiles, significantly elevated levels N-acetylneuraminic acid 1-palmitoylglycerol, suggesting compromised epithelial integrity increased gut permeability. In contrast, cis-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, associated protective functions, reduced. Random Forest identified these metabolites as discriminatory features between control groups, reinforcing their potential role biomarkers for IBS-related alterations. Conclusions: Our highlights unique signatures at level, emphasizing microbial disease pathology. These findings facilitate development novel tools targeted strategies, advancing personalized management patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
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International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3733 - 3733
Published: April 15, 2025
The gut microbiome, a complex community of microorganisms residing in the intestinal tract, plays dual role colorectal cancer (CRC) development, acting both as contributing risk factor and protective element. This review explores mechanisms by which microbiota contribute to CRC, emphasizing inflammation, oxidative stress, immune evasion, production genotoxins microbial metabolites. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli (pks+), Bacteroides fragilis promote tumorigenesis inducing chronic generating reactive oxygen species, producing virulence factors that damage host DNA. These can also evade antitumor response suppressing cytotoxic T cell activity increasing regulatory populations. Additionally, microbial-derived metabolites such secondary bile acids trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) have been linked carcinogenic processes. Conversely, microbiota, including Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, homeostasis short-chain fatty (SCFAs) like butyrate, exhibit anti-inflammatory anti-carcinogenic properties. beneficial microbes enhance barrier integrity, modulate responses, inhibit tumor proliferation. Understanding dynamic interplay between pathogenic is essential for developing microbiome-based interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation, prevent or treat CRC. Future research should focus on identifying biomarkers early CRC detection exploring personalized microbiome-targeted therapies. A deeper understanding host–microbiota interactions may lead innovative strategies management improved patient outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Gastroenterology & Endoscopy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0