Grape Seeds Proanthocyanidins: An Overview of In Vivo Bioactivity in Animal Models

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2435 - 2435

Published: Oct. 12, 2019

Over the last decade, proanthocyanidins (PACs) are attracting attention not only from food industry but also public health organizations due to their benefits. It is well-known that grapes a good source of PACs and for reason, focused on grape by-products identification bioactivity evaluation. Grape seeds extract (GSPE) rich PACs, mainly composed monomeric catechin epicatechin, gallic acid polymeric oligomeric proanthocyanidins. Thus, this review encompasses state-of-art structure most recent evidence about impact GSPE chronic diseases, with focus oxidative stress, inflammation metabolic syndrome (MeS)-related disorders such as obesity, diabetes cardiovascular risk disease in vivo offer new perspectives field allow further research. Despite controversial results, undeniable highly antioxidants, thus, capacity improve stress might mediate process progress MeS-related pathologies. However, well-design animal studies standardized dosages composition necessary shed light into cause-effect relationship more accurate way later deeper study effect humans.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress on Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2020, P. 1 - 20

Published: May 9, 2020

The global population above 60 years has been growing exponentially in the last decades, which is accompanied by an increase prevalence of age-related chronic diseases, highlighting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Aging main risk factor for these diseases. Such susceptibility to disease explained, at least part, oxidative stress, it damages cellular components proteins, DNA, lipids. In addition, inflammatory process aging “inflammaging” also contributes cell damage, creating a stressful environment drives development CVDs. Taken together, possible identify molecular connection between stress process, especially crosstalk transcription factors Nrf-2 NF- κ B are mediated redox signalling involved aging. Therapies that control this key targets prevention/combat review, we show basics inflammation including them, implications on

Language: Английский

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Caffeine Modulates Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Cognitive Impairments by Regulating Nrf-2/HO-1 In Vivo and In Vitro

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 680 - 680

Published: May 14, 2019

Cadmium (Cd), a nonbiodegradable heavy metal and one of the most neurotoxic environmental industrial pollutants, promotes disturbances in major organs tissues following both acute chronic exposure. In this study, we assessed neuroprotective potential caffeine (30 mg/kg) against Cd (5 mg/kg)-induced oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, cognitive deficits male C57BL/6N mice vivo HT-22 BV-2 cell lines vitro. Interestingly, our findings indicate that markedly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels enhanced expression nuclear factor-2 erythroid-2 (Nrf-2) hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), which act as endogenous antioxidant regulators. Also, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-OXO-G) was considerably caffeine-treated group compared to Cd-treated group. Similarly, ameliorated Cd-mediated glial activation by reducing fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), other inflammatory mediators cortical hippocampal regions mouse brain. Moreover, attenuated Cd-induced loss, synaptic dysfunction, learning deficits. Of note, gene silencing factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibition studies revealed exerted neuroprotection via regulation Nrf-2- NF-κB-dependent mechanisms lines, respectively. On whole, these reveal rescues neurodegeneration, memory impairment. The present study suggests might be agent neurodegeneration.

Language: Английский

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Cellular stress alters 3′UTR landscape through alternative polyadenylation and isoform-specific degradation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: June 5, 2018

Most eukaryotic genes express alternative polyadenylation (APA) isoforms with different 3'UTR lengths, production of which is influenced by cellular conditions. Here, we show that arsenic stress elicits global shortening 3'UTRs through preferential usage proximal sites during and enhanced degradation long recovery. We demonstrate RNA-binding protein TIA1 preferentially interacts sequences U-rich motifs, correlating granule association mRNA decay isoforms. By contrast, shortened due to stress-induced APA can evade clearance maintain transcript abundance post stress. Furthermore, causes distinct size changes in proliferating differentiated cells, highlighting its context-specific impacts on the landscape. Together, our data reveal a global, 3'UTR-based stability control stressed cells indicate function as an adaptive mechanism preserve mRNAs response

Language: Английский

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Anthocyanin supplementation improves anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity in a dose–response manner in subjects with dyslipidemia

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 101474 - 101474

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

Anthocyanins, one of the major plant bioactive substances, possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity. However, their dose–response relationship has remained unclear. The present study investigated anthocyanins with oxidative stress inflammation in subjects dyslipidemia. Participants: A total 169 participants dyslipidemia were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 43), 40 mg/day 44), 80 40), or 320 42) groups. Urine 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) serum malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), UA (uric acid), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP) measured at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks. Anthocyanin supplementation (320 mg/day) for weeks significantly improved T-SOD versus baseline (P < 0.05). slight reduction IL-6, TNF-α, urine 8-iso-PGF2α from was observed group receiving anthocyanins. Anthocyanins (80 reduced IL-6 (−20%), TNF-α (−11%) (−27%) Moreover, anthocyanin (−40%), (−21%), MDA (−20%) (−37%) 8-OHdG (−36%) than anthocyanins, P value 0.05. dose-response relationships decreased inflammatory cytokines biomarkers 8-iso-PGF2α, trend, <0.05). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation between changes , levels groups after treatment. Supplementation positively capacity manner individuals

Language: Английский

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