Structural analysis and robustness assessment of global LNG transport network from 2013 to 2023

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 107619 - 107619

Published: March 8, 2025

Language: Английский

Transformations in the European Gas Supply Network Due to the Russia–Ukraine Conflict

Energies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 1709 - 1709

Published: March 28, 2025

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the structural characteristics European gas supply system and changes in its network structure interaction clustering among nodes defined as countries, following outbreak Russia–Ukraine conflict. methodology relies on social analysis, which employs mathematics graph theory examine state dynamics given structure. impacts identified involve reduced reliance Russian gas, a considerable reduction strength centrality Russia Germany, higher dispersion flows, largely due increased import LNG flows. After conflict outbreak, countries such Italy, Austria, Slovak Republic, Hungary retained their high influential position, terms PageRank centrality, while Balkan together with Middle East suppliers (Turkey Iran), formed common group Russia. estimated stress challenges posed EU enhance connectivity infrastructure investments explore alternative ways support objectives strategic autonomy, promoting resilience path toward carbon-free transition.

Language: Английский

The impacts of geopolitics on global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) shipping network: Evidence from two geopolitical events

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 107706 - 107706

Published: May 3, 2025

Language: Английский