Hydrological regimes and Niche Partitioning Drive Fungal Community Structure and Function in Arid Wetlands Sediments of South Africa
Abstract
Arid
wetlands
are
ecologically
significant
yet
understudied
ecosystems
shaped
by
extreme
conditions
and
hydrological
variability.
However,
the
structure
ecological
functional
of
fungal
communities
in
these
habitats
remain
poorly
understood,
especially
southern
Africa.
This
study
integrated
shotgun
metagenomics,
FUNGuild
profiling,
multivariate
analyses
to
examine
diversity,
composition,
environmental
drivers
seasonal
permanent
arid
South
Distinct
assemblages
emerged,
primarily
regimes
ionic
stress.
Seasonal
were
dominated
Mucoromycota
(79%),
particularly
arbuscular
mycorrhizal
(AM)
fungus
(Rhizophagus ,
62%),
while
had
higher
Ascomycota
(54%),
with
Aspergillus
(50%)
prevalent
oxygen-limited
sediments.
Although
alpha
diversity
showed
no
difference,
beta
confirmed
mycobiome
differentiation.
Total
dissolved
solids
(TDS),
electrical
conductivity
(EC),
salinity
key
predictors
TDS
strongest
determinant
(P
<
0.01).
Functional
guild
analysis
highlighted
niche
differentiation,
saprotrophs
dominating
(59.7%
vs.
21.5%;
P
0.05),
symbiotrophs,
AM
fungi,
enriched
(69.3%
36.1%;
0.001).
Indicator
taxa
identified
via
LefSe
(LDA
>
3,
0.05)
random
forest
modeling
included
Rhizophagus,
Trichoderma,
Fusarium ,
Entomophthora
wetlands,
wetlands.
provides
first
integrative
insight
into
ecology
Africa’s
demonstrating
that
regime
shapes
function
through
filtering
specialization,
implications
for
guiding
conservation
adaptive
management
fragile
ecosystems.
Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 2, 2025
Language: Английский