Role of natural products in tumor therapy from basic research and clinical perspectives

Acta Materia Medica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide an important barrier to lengthening life expectancy in every country. Natural products are receiving increased attention from researchers globally increasing numbers natural approved for clinical studies involving cancer recent years. To gain more insight into that have undergone trials treatment, a comprehensive search was conducted. The https://clinicaltrials.gov website searched relevant product information up December 2022. terms included different types cancers, such as colorectal, lung, breast, gynecologic, kidney, bladder, melanoma, pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric haematologic. Then, PubMed Web Science were articles February 2024. Hence, we listed existing about used treatment cancers discussed preclinical some promising their targets, indications, underlying mechanisms action. Our intent provide basic readers who interested or majoring obtain deeper understanding progress actions

Language: Английский

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Bladder Cancer and the Urinary Microbiome—New Insights and Future Directions: A Review

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 434 - 444

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Clinico-Pathological Features and Immunohistochemical Comparison of p16, p53, and Ki-67 Expression in Muscle-Invasive and Non-Muscle-Invasive Conventional Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma

Clinics and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 806 - 819

Published: July 9, 2023

The identification of bladder detrusor muscle invasion in urothelial cancer is essential for prognosis and management. We studied the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical expression p16, p53, Ki-67 muscle-invasive (MIBC) non-detrusor (NMIBC) Egyptian patients.

Language: Английский

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Why We Need More Attention on Bladder Cancer: Establishing Policy Recommendations for Health Care Professionals and Politicians

European Urology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Costs Among Patients Diagnosed With Locally Advanced/Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Prior to Receiving Enfortumab Vedotin: A Real‐World Evidence Study

International Journal of Urology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

To describe real-world patient characteristics, prior treatment patterns, and associated healthcare resource utilization (HRU) costs among patients with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) treated enfortumab vedotin (EV). This retrospective study used the United States (US) Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services 100% claims data from 2015 to 2020. Included had a diagnosis of la/mUC received EV. The index date was EV initiation date. Endpoints included HRU 12 months before (baseline period) patterns initiation. Results were summarized descriptively using means standard deviations continuous variables, frequency counts percentages categorical variables. Among 529 patients, mean age at time 76.5 years. Most White (88.1%) male (77.1%). Common comorbidities hypertension (85.1%), renal disease (65.2%), peripheral vascular (42.5%). Platinum-based chemotherapy most frequent therapy two lines (43.9%). in line PD-1/L1 inhibitors (61.4%). median duration 4.1 months. all-cause cost during baseline period $106 258 per patient, 86% least one outpatient visit. demonstrated that US platinum-based or inhibitor suggest substantial burden this population. Long-term studies more recent are warranted.

Language: Английский

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Dysregulated FGFR3 signaling alters the immune landscape in bladder cancer and presents therapeutic possibilities in an agent-based model

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 7, 2024

Bladder cancer is an increasingly prevalent global disease that continues to cause morbidity and mortality despite recent advances in treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-targeted therapeutics have had modest success bladder when used as monotherapy. Emerging data suggests the combination of these two therapies could lead improved clinical outcomes, but optimal strategy for combining agents remains uncertain. Mathematical models, specifically agent-based models (ABMs), shown successes uncovering multiscale dynamics shape trajectory cancer. They enabled optimization treatment methods identification novel therapeutic strategies. To assess combined effects anti-PD-1 anti-FGFR3 small molecule (SMI) on tumor immune response, we built ABM captures key facets heterogeneity CD8 + T cell phenotypes, their spatial interactions, response pressures. Our model quantifies how antigenicity FGFR3 activating mutations impact antibodies SMI. We find even a population weakly antigenic cells bearing mutation can render resistant therapy. However, highly tumors overcome resistance mediated by mutation. The therapy depends strength signaling pathway. Under certain conditions, ICI alone optimal; others, followed best. These results indicate need quantify fitness advantage conferred harboring this This approach may enable rationally designed plans improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Active Surveillance in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, the Potential Role of Biomarkers: A Systematic Review

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(4), P. 2201 - 2220

Published: April 12, 2024

Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cause of worldwide and thirteenth leading mortality. The non-muscle invasive (NMI) variant represents 75% cases has a mortality rate less than 1%; however, it high recurrence rate. gold standard management transurethral resection in case new lesions. However, this associated with significant morbidity costs, so reduction these procedures would contribute to reducing complications, morbidity, burden health system therapy. In clinical scenario, strategies such as active surveillance have emerged that propose manage low-risk BC follow-up; due low evidence available, strategy underutilized by clinicians. On other hand, era biomarkers, increasingly known how use them tool BC. Therefore, aim review provide practitioners available date on AS potential role biomarkers therapeutic patients low-grade/risk NMIBC. This first linking surveillance, including 29 articles.

Language: Английский

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Clinical utility of checkpoint inhibitors against metastatic bladder cancer: overcoming challenges to find a way forward

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 407 - 418

Published: April 10, 2023

Introduction Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is currently considered the gold-standard treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Nevertheless, most mUC patients develop resistance to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have emerged as a therapeutic option mUC. ICI are used both first- and second-line therapy with but also maintenance following durable responses may be expected in these settings.Areas covered Patients who experience progression after platinum-based regimens, those cisplatin-ineligible positive PD-L1 expression, platinum-ineligible, regardless of status, target population. The role monotherapy or drug combinations newer proposals reviewed. current status biomarkers guide treatments provided, focusing on PD-L1, tumor mutational load, liquid biopsies using ctDNA.Expert opinion Current challenges improve could summarized i) development better drugs; ii) advances drug-combinations schemes; iii) novel techniques select this treatment; iv) providing drugs optimal clinical setting; v) promoting trials covering more demographic heterogeneity (i.e. wider age range, gender, diverse representation).

Language: Английский

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Second near-infrared nanomaterials for cancer photothermal immunotherapy

Materials Today Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 100339 - 100339

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Photothermal immunotherapy has drawn worldwide attentions for malignant tumors based on noninvasive methods of nanomaterials and immune-associated drugs in the past years. performed excellent effects less adverse reactions treatment compared with classical treatments including surgical removement, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic (PDT) single immunotherapy. Moreover, second near-infrared (NIR-Ⅱ) light more advantages PTT/PDT photoacoustic imaging than first (NIR-Ⅰ) light. irradiation NIR-Ⅱ can not only rapidly eliminate topical solid located deeper tumor tissue, but also it trigger tumor-associated congenital acquired immune responses which prevent cancer local recurrence distant metastasis. under could be one most essential potential future. Therefore, we reviewed related nanoparticles NIR Ⅱ window published articles study.

Language: Английский

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Pesticides and Bladder Cancer: Mechanisms Leading to Anti-Cancer Drug Chemoresistance and New Chemosensitization Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(14), P. 11395 - 11395

Published: July 13, 2023

Multiple risk factors have been associated with bladder cancer. This review focuses on pesticide exposure, as it is not currently known whether agricultural products a direct or indirect effect cancer, despite recent reports demonstrating strong correlation. While that exposure an increased of cancer in humans and dogs, the mechanism(s) by which specific pesticides cause initiation progression unknown. In this narrative review, we discuss what about link to highlights multiple pathways modulated links oncogenesis/metastasis (MMP-2, TGF-β, STAT3) chemoresistance (drug efflux, DNA repair, apoptosis resistance) potential therapeutic tactics counter these pesticide-induced affects.

Language: Английский

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