Politics and the Urban Frontier

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Abstract Despite the rise of global technocratic ideals city-making, cities around world are not merging into indistinguishable duplicates one another. In fact, as urbanizes, urban formations remain diverse in their socio-economic and spatial characteristics, with varying potential to foster economic development social justice. This book argues that these differences primarily rooted politics, if we continue view technological projects be managed rather than terrains political bargaining contestation, quest for better futures is doomed fail. Dominant critical approaches tend explain difference reference variegated impacts neoliberal regulatory institutions. This, however, neglects multiple ways which wider politics capital accumulation distribution drive divergent forms transformation different places. order unpack shapes differential development, this focuses on East Africa frontier: least urbanized but fastest urbanizing region world. Drawing a decade research spanning three case-study countries (Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda), Politics Urban Frontier provides first sustained, book-length comparative analysis trajectories Eastern dynamics underpinning them. Through focus infrastructure investment, propertyscapes, street-level trading economies, protest, it offers multi-scalar, historically grounded, interdisciplinary transformations unfolding world’s most dynamic crucible change.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the impact of property characteristics, cost of living, and environmental factors on rental prices in Baidoa’s climate-affected real estate market: a hybrid approach using hedonic regression and neural networks

Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 19, 2025

Introduction Understanding the determinants of residential rental prices is crucial for policymakers, investors, and real estate practitioners. This study investigates influence property value, characteristics, cost living, political stability, essential services, environmental factors on in Baidoa city. Additionally, research compares different modeling approaches to enhance price forecasting. Methods A dual-method approach was employed, integrating hedonic regression analysis artificial neural network (ANN) models analyze values. The dataset includes key variables such as number bedrooms, conditions. predictive performance interpretability both were assessed determine their effectiveness estimation. Results findings reveal that are significantly influenced by services (e.g., electricity), However, stability displacement did not exhibit significant effects. While provided clear, interpretable insights into direct predictors, ANN captured nonlinear interactions demonstrated superior prediction accuracy. Nevertheless, model exhibited mixed performance, with 53% cases underperforming 47% exceeding predictions, highlighting need improved precision Discussion emphasizes importance a mixed-method Policymakers should integrate econometric machine learning refine housing policies ensure fair market regulations. Investors owners can leverage these optimize pricing strategies, while practitioners benefit from data-driven decision-making. contributes valuation literature bridging traditional advanced techniques. validates applicability information asymmetry theories within an emerging context, offering more comprehensive understanding determinants.

Language: Английский

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Transitioning to electrified, automated and shared mobility in an African context: A comparative review of Johannesburg, Kigali, Lagos and Nairobi

Journal of Transport Geography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 103256 - 103256

Published: Dec. 29, 2021

This article focuses on the drivers and barriers afforded by three innovations—automated vehicles, electric mobility, ridesharing bike-sharing—in four African urban areas of Johannesburg (South Africa), Kigali (Rwanda), Lagos (Nigeria) Nairobi (Kenya). We ask: what are behind these innovations in regions? What potential barriers? And implications for policy or sustainability transitions emerge? Based a review academic literature, we argue that particularly important at providing low-carbon transport sector, even though development is an topic under-researched many developing economies. begin introducing justifying our case studies. base research design interdisciplinary critical umbrella literature review. then discuss results review, which organized as dualism positive negative barriers, before discussing how to better harness innovation mobility context. find possible benefits exist only juxtaposed against barriers; no purely all them have multiple dimensions positivity negativity. Although treated each fairly isolated from one another, there emergent (and potentially strong) couplings entanglements between them, e.g. electrification two-wheelers automation ridesharing. In some contexts, hybridization, incrementalism leapfrogging seen attributes desirable characteristics planning technology adoption.

Language: Английский

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Can In-Kind Compensation for Expropriated Real Property Promote Spatial Justice? A Case Study Analysis of Resettlement in Kigali City, Rwanda

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 3753 - 3753

Published: May 6, 2020

Kigali city authorities have recently adopted an in-kind compensation option to mitigate some patterns of spatial injustices, reflected in the displacement expropriated real property owners towards urban outskirts, where they can afford new properties using in-cash receive. This study assesses whether this form promotes a spatially just and inclusive (re)development. It applies evaluative framework comprising series indicators connected three dimensions (rules, processes, outcomes) justice its four forms consisting procedural, recognitional, redistributive, intra-generational justice. relies on data collected through field surveys review literature expropriation (re)development processes city. The findings reveal that exhibits aspects with access decent houses, basic amenities, increased tenure security. However, these unveil deficiencies justice, portrayed lack negotiation option, non-participation their resettlement process, overcrowding conditions loss main sources incomes. Some options for better implementation are suggested. Two strands procedural recognitional namely community participation, central successful implementation.

Language: Английский

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Leveraging the Potential of Convolutional Neural Network and Satellite Images to Map Informal Settlements in Urban Settings of the City of Kigali, Rwanda

Rwanda Journal of Engineering Science Technology and Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: June 12, 2023

The urban population is rapidly increasing and more than half of the world's currently living in cities. About 1 billion city dwellers are slums informal settlements. Addressing issue settlements require information on these areas. This study explored potential Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Very-High Resolution satellite image to map areas Kigali, Rwanda. applied modified U-Net model with MobileNetV2 as base discriminate from other was obtained by modifying original architecture incorporate dilated convolutional operations at beginning network. findings demonstrate that based spatial characteristics settlements, able detect a recall 0.862, precision 0.810 an F1-Score 0.809. Based results, can be basis for finding relevant about concern implementation SDGs, especially goal 11 addressing issues safe inclusive cities human

Language: Английский

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Translating Globalised Ideals into Local Settings: The Actors and Complexities of Post-settlement Water Infrastructure Planning in Urban Ghana

˜The œurban book series, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 217 - 235

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Measuring homeownership affordability in emergent market context: an exploratory analysis for Turkey

International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 446 - 480

Published: July 31, 2020

Purpose This paper aims to offer an extensive empirical case study analysis by investigating housing affordability in Turkey as a whole, and Istanbul, Ankara Izmir over the period of 2006 2017 its sub-periods. Design/methodology/approach develops theoretically informed model assess using complementary methodologies quantitative analysis. seeks help outline nature problem aggregate level cities; it also lessons about how address measurement modelling challenges emergent market contexts constructing aggregate-/city-level cost-to-income (HCI) ratio, adjusted HCI (AHCI) index (HAI) effective HAI sensitive multiple calculation alternative data set involving income distribution poverty tranches. Findings HCI, AHCI, EHAI models generally suggest parallel results: is not affordable except for highest groups. The evidence implies that besides macroeconomic instabilities, distorted interest rates short average mortgage maturity, unequal income/wealth distributions are main reasons Turkish crisis specifically heightened metropolitan areas such Istanbul. Research limitations/implications provides insight on problems Turkey. However, small sample size observation create limit generalisation findings. Further would be required illustrate changes different cities longer period. Practical implications By approaches, this helps understand serious urban levels. explain declining ownership ratio low-income groups areas. Reliable explanations existing develop policies. Social Declining homeownership may translate rising inequality insecurity among households. Moreover, better values higher inequality, economic/social segmentation, hence social tension between high low groups, further increase. In respect, authors socially important policies reducing inequalities increasing supply. Originality/value offers detailed can used exemplar overcome constraints other evolving contexts. sets out approach overcoming measurement. combines methodological approaches with modified variables provide more realistic aggregate-/urban-level picture. calculated some parts series discretionary income, minimum wage show variations approaches. Some constructed thresholds. Collectively, approach, developed emerging data, contribution literature.

Language: Английский

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Holistic Approach towards a Sustainable Urban Renewal: Thermal Comfort Perspective of Urban Housing in Kigali, Rwanda

Buildings, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 146 - 146

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Urban upgrading programs are implemented to enhance the living conditions in a city. However, concept of what extent life targeted communities is improved remains contested and fluid. The purpose this study was two-fold. First, it evaluated for first time indoor thermal three main urban housing types Kigali analyzed whether ongoing renewal takes into consideration occupant comfort. Second, alternatives improve performance were investigated recommendations given. Results indicate that modern performed significantly greater compared other types, especially during daytime. Indoor planned low-income no better—and, fact, slightly poorer—than informal settlement from which households be relocated. Through design parameter optimization, by 85.5% daytime hours 71.2% nighttime hours. These findings valuable officials resettlement providing insights dwellers’ wholistic prospective. This can assist related parties mitigating project failure often caused local resistance resettlement.

Language: Английский

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Bottom-up assessment of household electricity consumption in dynamic cities of the Global South—Evidence from Kigali, Rwanda

Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Data on electricity consumption is crucial for assessing and modeling energy systems, making it a key element of sustainable urban planning. However, many countries in the Global South struggle with shortage statistically valid, geocoded, disaggregated household-level data. This paper aims to develop generic methodology generation such database terms consumption. The was tested Kigali, capital city Rwanda, focus all single-family residential building types inner city. Discrete data buildings obtained through combined information products derived from very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery, field surveys, computer assisted personal interviewing. In total, 509 valid geocoded survey datasets were used evaluate model household consumption, as well electrical appliance ownership. study's findings reveal that arithmetic mean specific 3.66 kWh per day 345 capita year 2015. By subdividing into distinct their spatial location, weighting values according proportion study area, more accurate value 1.88 160 obtained. Applying this weighted extrapolate conjunction sample's precision level, resulted an estimate 126–137 GWh contrast, using would have led twice high, even exceeding total entire city, including multi-family non-residential buildings. highlights significance on-site collection geospatial mapping techniques enhancing understanding systems. Using indicators distinguish between households contrasting load levels can address challenges posed by rapid growth South. proposed method assist municipal administrations establishing be updated resource-efficiently at regular intervals acquiring new images.

Language: Английский

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Spatial–Temporal Evolution Patterns and Influencing Factors of China’s Urban Housing Price-to-Income Ratio

Land, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 2224 - 2224

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

The housing price-to-income ratio (PIR) is an important indicator for measuring the health of real estate market and detecting residents’ affordability. Including data 336 cities in China from 2009 to 2020 as research unit, PIR’s spatial temporal evolution characteristics are explored by using urban rank-size rule Markov chain, its influencing factors random forest model. results show following: (1) PIR a normal distribution pattern, there was significant positive correlation, which tended increase. (2) Spatially, shows overall trend “high east low west”, rising fluctuation shown average PIR. (3) time has high stability. China’s primarily stable type 2015 mainly upward transfer 2020. (4) influence economic, demographic, social, expected on decreases, among investment density, industrial structure level, consumption activity dominant enhancing trends showing complex nonlinear relationship.

Language: Английский

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