Modulating NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Review on Flavonoid-Based Interventions

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a severe, rapidly advancing disease that drastically diminishes life expectancy. Without treatment, it can progress to lung cancer. The precise etiology of IPF remains unknown, but inflammation and damage the alveolar epithelium are widely thought be pivotal in its development. Research has indicated activating NLRP3 inflammasome crucial mechanism pathogenesis, as triggers release pro-inflammatory cytokines such IL-1β, IL-18, TGF-β. These contribute myofibroblast differentiation extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Currently, treatment options for limited. Only two FDA-approved medications, pirfenidone nintedanib, available. While these drugs decelerate progression, they come with range side effects do not cure disease. Additional strategies primarily involve supportive care therapy. Emerging research highlighted numerous flavonoids derived from traditional medicines inhibit critical regulators responsible inflammasome. show promise potential therapeutic agents managing IPF, offering new avenue targets core inflammatory processes this debilitating condition. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

Association between dietary antioxidant capacity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

Nutrition & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: March 29, 2024

Abstract Background Higher intakes of dietary antioxidants have been linked to a lower type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. However, few studies comprehensively examined the overall antioxidant capacity, assessed by quality scores (DAQS) and total capacity (DTAC), related T2DM risk, especially in populations consuming relatively monotonous diets. This study aimed evaluate associations DAQS, DTAC, among rural Chinese adults. Methods Data from 12,467 participants Natural Population Cohort Northwest China: Ningxia Project was analyzed. Dietary intake using validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DAQS were calculated based on vitamins A, C, E, zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) intake. DTAC estimated ferric-reducing ability plasma assay. Logistic regression models used with Restricted cubic splines assess potential non-linear relationships between T2DM. Results observed 1,238 (9.9%) participants. After adjusting for confounders, compared lowest tertiles (T1) odds ratios (ORs) 1.03 (95% CI 0.82–1.30) T2 0.85 0.68–1.06) T3 ( P = 0.010). Compared T1, ORs highest 0.78 0.67–0.91, P-trend 0.008) vitamin 1.34 1.15–1.56, < 0.001) 0.83 0.71–0.97, 0.007) Se, 0.86 0.74–1.01, 0.033) Zn. quartile(Q1) OR Q4 0.96 0.80–1.17, 0.024) A relationship DATC Conclusion associated suggesting that antioxidant-rich foods may reduce

Language: Английский

---

Identification of cholinesterases inhibitors from flavonoids derivatives for possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease: In silico and in vitro approaches

Current Research in Structural Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 100146 - 100146

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Nowadays, one of the methods to prevent progress Alzheimer's disease (AD) is prescribe compounds that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Researchers are actively pursuing compounds, particularly natural origin, exhibit enhanced efficacy reduced side effects. The inhibition AChE BChE using flavonoids represents a promising avenue for regulating AD. This study aims identify alternative capable modulating AD by down-regulating activity through molecular docking approach. Molecular analysis identified Ginkgetin Kolaflavanone as potent inhibitors BChE, respectively, among selected flavonoids. Asn87 Ala127 involved in interactions AChE-Ginkgetin complex conventional hydrogen bonds. While BChE-Kolaflavanone complex, Asn83, Ser79, Gln 47, Ser287 involved.

Language: Английский

---

Hamamelitannin’s Antioxidant Effect and Its Inhibition Capability on α-Glycosidase, Carbonic Anhydrase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase Enzymes

Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2341 - 2341

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Hamamelitannin (2′,5-di-O-galloyl-hamamelose) bears two-gallate moieties in its structure, and is a natural phenolic product the leaves bark of Hamamelis virginiana. The antioxidant capacity hamamelitannin was evaluated by range methods, with following findings: ability to reduce potassium ferric cyanide; scavenging N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride radical (DMPD•+); 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS•+); 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•); cupric ions (Cu2+). Additionally, reference antioxidants α-Tocopherol, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, hydroxytoluene (BHT) were used for comparison. For DPPH scavenging, had an IC50 value 19.31 μg/mL, while values BHA, BHT, α-Tocopherol 10.10, 25.95, 7.05, 11.31 respectively. study found that functioned similarly α-tocopherol, Trolox terms DPPH• but better than BHT. as polyphenolic secondary metabolite, inhibition capability several metabolic enzymes demonstrated, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase I (CA I), II II) α-glycosidase. Ki exhibited 7.40, 1.99, 10.18, 18.26, 25.79 nM toward AChE, BChE, hCA I, II, α-glycosidase,

Language: Английский

---

Antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition effects of chia (Salvia hispanica) seed oil: A comprehensive phytochemical screening using LC-HR/MS

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Dynamic covalent interactions between baicalin and soybean protein: Effect of the baicalin on structure, antioxidant properties, and emulsion stability of soybean protein conjugate

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 140867 - 140867

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Investigation of the Effect of Gingerol on α‐Glycosidase Cholinesterases and Monoamine Oxidase Enzymes: Antioxidant Activity and In Silico Study

ChemistrySelect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(9)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract This study examined the effects of gingerol, an active ingredient in ginger, on monoamine oxidases (MAO)‐A and B, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α‐glycosidase enzymes as vitro. The IC 50 values were calculated for MAO‐A, MAO‐B, AChE, BChE, 13.05 µM, 16.6 2.14 nM, 3.37 27.28 respectively. Additionally, K i determined to be 0.67 ± 0.012 nM 0.86 0.033 14.36 3.41 α‐glycosidase. To evaluate antioxidant radical scavenging capacities Fe 2+ , Cu 3+ ‐TPTZ reductions, DPPH∙·and ABTS ∙+ activities examined. absorbance activity gingerol was found 1.084 0.057 reducing ability, 0.343 0.036 1.26 0.020 FRAP assay at 30 µg/mL. As results, 17.33 µg/mL DPPH∙ 5.93 assay. From these it that exhibited significant properties when compared standard antioxidants. Molecular docking simulations ADME studies have provided insights into interactions between target enzymes, guiding design novel therapeutic agents critical diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's diabetes.

Language: Английский

---

Fe3+ Reducing Power as the Most Common Assay for Understanding the Biological Functions of Antioxidants

Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1296 - 1296

Published: April 24, 2025

Antioxidants counteract the harmful effects of free radicals on metabolism and prevent fatty food degradation during processing storage. The Fe3+-reducing assay, based reduction ferric ions (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) in presence antioxidants acting as reducing agents, is widely recognized used evaluate antioxidant capacity various biological samples, including plant extracts, food, beverages, pharmaceuticals. Reduction Fe3+ Fe2+ also crucial biogeochemical cycling, microbial metabolism, industrial applications. This review comprehensively describes its adaptation different analytes, identification most potent antioxidants, optimization measurement techniques. It outlines chemical fundamental principles ability, along with an in-depth analysis activity, covering biochemical mechanisms, contributions, analytical methods, practical applications recent advances future perspectives research. assay straightforward, testing compounds or extracts are mixed solution, their absorbance measured after a specific incubation period. Despite significant advancements instrumentation techniques, this method remains largely unchanged.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring of biological activity and diverse metabolites in hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil by GC/MS, GC–FID, and LC–HRMS chromatographies

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Abstract Background This study investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of hemp seed oil using various bioanalytical methods. Furthermore, this determined suppressive on α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase carbonic anhydrase II that purified by sepharose-4B-L-Tyrosine-sulfanilamide affinity chromatoghraphy, all which are related to different metabolic diseases. Moreover, phenolic concentration in essential was quantified through LC–HRMS chromatography. Thirteen distinct compounds were detected oil. Additionally, both chemical components quantity oils within assessed GC–FID GC/MS analyses. Results The predominant included linoleoyl chloride (34.62%), linoleic acid (33.21%), 2-4-di-tert-butylphenol (5.79%). Hemp oil's ability scavenge radicals studied use 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radical scavenging results unveiled its potent radical-scavenging properties, with an 46.20 μg/mL for IC 50 9.76 radicals. investigation also extended explore reducing capabilities Fe 3+ -2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine, copper (Cu 2+ ), iron (Fe ). demonstrated notable inhibitory effect against α-amylase (IC : 545.66 μg/mL), achethylcholinesterase 28.00 322.62 μg/mL). Conclusions interdisciplinary research will prove valuable set stage future investigations into characteristics enzyme inhibition patterns plants hold medical industrial significance.

Language: Английский

---

Preparation of α-zein loaded with baicalincomposites: A study on their in vitro simulated digestive behavior and molecular dynamics simulation

Applied Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Abstract In order to improve the bioavailability of baicalin, this article prepared for α- zein loaded with baicalin composites ( zein@BA) by pH driven method and they were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, measurement particle size distribution in water solution phase techniques. The digestive behavior antioxidant activity before after simulating gastrointestinal fluid vitro studied as well. At same time, molecular dynamics simulation techniques used reveal mechanism behind formation composite between two. results indicated that α -zein@BA observed be approximately spherical under a microscope, their was mainly distributed range 94.55-145.10 μm aqueous solution, whose encapsulation efficiency (86.61 ± 0.71) %. Infrared spectroscopy analysis -zein formed complexes through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic hydrophobic interactions. residue simulated digestion gastric intestinal fluids are follows: zein@BA > Baicalin, while both significantly increased stage P < 0.05) decreased 0.05). Molecular studies have shown has promoting effect on protein structural stability, 158SER GLN196 bonds it, interactions manifested non-polar amino acids such PHE201 PRO200. This study indicates can form stable composites, improving baicalin.

Language: Английский

---