In Situ Ag-Seeded Lamellar Ti₃C₂ Nanosheets: An Electroactive Interface for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Oral Carcinoma via Salivary TNF-α Sensing

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

In the fast-paced quest for early cancer detection, noninvasive screening techniques have emerged as game-changers, offering simple and accessible avenues precession diagnostics. line with this, our study highlights potential of silver nanoparticle-decorated titanium carbide MXene nanosheets (Ti3C2_AgNPs) an electroactive interface diagnosis oral carcinoma based on prevalence salivary biomarker, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). An in situ reduction was utilized to synthesize Ti3C2_AgNPs nanohybrid, wherein Ti3C2 acts reducing agent, resulting nanohybrid subjected various characterization examine optical, structural, morphological attributes. The results revealed that spherical AgNPs formed surface by virtue low-valent Ti species present Ti3C2, which facilitated AgNO3 AgNPs. Furthermore, electrochemical nanohybrid-modified screen-printed electrode (Ti3C2_AgNPs/SPE) indicated enhanced heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics. With these encouraging results, employed immobilization matrix TNF-α antibodies applied sensing. Analytical studies fabricated immunosensor, conducted differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), exhibited a broader linear range (1 180 pg mL–1), low limit detection (0.97 high sensitivity (1.214 μA mL pg–1 cm–2) specificity, even artificial saliva, indicating its reliability diagnosis. Therefore, Ti3C2_AgNP seems promising candidate effective sensing could also be explored other biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Macrophages in Various Types of Tumors and the Possibility of Their Use as Targets for Antitumor Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 342 - 342

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

In solid tumors, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most numerous populations and play an important role in processes tumor cell invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. Therefore, TAMs considered promising diagnostic prognostic biomarkers many attempts have been made to influence these cells as part antitumor therapy. There several key principles action on ТАМs: inhibition monocyte/macrophage transition; destruction macrophages; reprogramming macrophage phenotypes (polarization M2 M1); stimulation phagocytic activity CAR-M Despite large number studies this area, date, there no adequate approaches using therapy based alterations TAM functioning that would show high efficacy when administered a mono-regimen for treatment malignant neoplasms. Studies devoted evaluation drugs acting characterized by small sample heterogeneity patient groups; addition, such studies, chemotherapy or immunotherapy is used, which significantly complicates effectiveness agent TAMs. review, we attempted systematize evidence malignancies lung cancer, breast colorectal cervical prostate gastric head neck squamous soft tissue sarcomas.

Language: Английский

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Emerging histological and serological biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Applications in diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and personalized therapeutics (Review)

Oncology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(6)

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity and accounts for >90% all cancers. Despite advances in diagnostic procedures therapeutic interventions, overall survival has not improved significantly recent decades, primarily due to late diagnosis, locoregional recurrence treatment resistance. Identifying reliable biomarkers early detection, prognosis evaluation response prediction critical improving clinical outcomes patients with OSCC. In present review, prognostic predictive utility circulating biomarkers, such as tumour cells, serological histological genetic were explored context addition, potential role immune checkpoints OSCC was highlighted rapidly evolving field liquid biopsy its revolutionize examined. The existing evidence these critically evaluated challenges limitations associated their introduction into routine practice addressed. conclusion, review highlights promising current understanding pathogenesis offers avenues patient care through personalized medicine approaches.

Language: Английский

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Identifying potential ligand–receptor interactions based on gradient boosted neural network and interpretable boosting machine for intercellular communication analysis

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 171, P. 108110 - 108110

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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METTL3 mediated WISP1 m6A modification promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via m6A reader IGF2BP1

Gene, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 941, P. 149222 - 149222

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effect of different protocols in preventing demineralization in irradiated human enamel, in vitro study

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

This in vitro study evaluated the efficacy of professional and home-use fluoride regimens for protecting irradiated enamel, undergoing pH cycling resembling xerostomia. Sixty human premolar teeth were with a total dose 70 Gy subsequently sectioned into 3 × cm enamel slabs. These slabs randomly distributed five groups (n = 12 per group): professional-use received varnish either weekly (FV1) or biweekly (FV2); applied 5000 ppm (FT5) 1450 (FT) toothpaste; control group (control) no treatment. Following radiation, microhardness was measured to establish baseline values. 28 days concurrent therapy, reassessed on day 7, 14, 21, 28. After period, surface morphology examined using scanning electron microscopy. All demonstrated declines over 28-day period. FV1 FV2 maintained higher relative (p < 0.0001). FT5 consistently showed better preservation compared FT 0.0001), both outperforming albeit lesser extent. Fluoride treatments significantly enhanced enamel's resistance reduction caused by radiation. It is recommended apply use toothpaste twice daily most effective enhancement enamel.

Language: Английский

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Upregulated PCAT-1 predicts poor prognosis and reduced immune cell infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through the miR-145-5p / FSCN-1 axis

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Prodrugs in Oncology: Bioactivation and Impact on Therapeutic Efficacy and Toxicity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 988 - 988

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

A prodrug is a molecule that lacks pharmacological activity, but upon enzymatic bioactivation, it can generate therapeutically active molecule. The primary reason behind the design of to help circumvent challenges associated with physicochemical properties drug molecule, such as solubility, absorption, distribution, and instability. Chemotherapy has been at forefront cancer treatment for over 70 years due its ability target rapidly proliferating tumor cells. However, major concern conventional chemotherapy lack selectivity side toxicity, which severely impact patients’ quality life. In oncology, prodrugs have explored enhance bioavailability, improve efficacy, minimize systemic toxicity chemotherapeutic agents. Prodrugs activated by enzymes unique microenvironment significantly increase targeted delivery drugs. This review aims highlight commonly used prodrugs, including both alkylating non-alkylating agents, discuss their clinical relevance, mechanisms concerns.

Language: Английский

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Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signatures: Prognostic Role in HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 530 - 530

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Background: Despite advances in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), prognostic models treatment strategies remain inadequate, particularly for HPV-positive oropharyngeal (OPSCC). The rising incidence OPSCC highlights an urgent need innovative therapeutic approaches. Ferroptosis, a regulated form non-apoptotic death, has gained attention its role cancer progression, but potential as target remains largely unexplored. This study investigates ferroptosis OPSCC, aiming to identify markers provide insights into that could improve patient outcomes. Methods: Thirteen gene expression signatures were retrieved from literature, their performance association immune microenvironment validated on meta-analysis 267 cases (Metanalysis-HPV267) 286 samples BD2Decide project (BD2-HPV286). Results: Our analysis revealed specific ferroptosis-related signatures, FER3, FER4, FER6, FER12, are significantly associated (p-value < 0.05) with high-risk groups adverse tumor features, including suppressed activity enhanced stromal involvement. Elevated CAV1, suppressor, further delineates profiles. Conclusions: These findings highlight significance stratifying patients identifying those poorer clinical Targeting pathways represents novel promising approach addressing unmet effective OPSCC. Future research should focus translating these applications advance precision oncology outcomes this growing population.

Language: Английский

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Squamous cell cancers of the aero-upper digestive tract: A unified perspective on biology, genetics, and therapy

Cancer Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 178 - 194

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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