Establishment and evaluation of a rapid method for the detection of bacterial pneumonia in hospitalized patients via multiplex PCR–capillary electrophoresis (MPCE)

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

ABSTRACT Cost-effective molecular diagnostic techniques for bacterial pneumonia are limited. We designed primers 13 bacteria, performed multiplex nucleic acid detection through fragment analysis to obtain pathogen identification results, and established a PCR–capillary electrophoresis (MPCE) method, which can simultaneously detect pathogens associated with pneumonia. The sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility of the MPCE assay were tested, 420 clinical samples used assess ability MPCE, culture method as reference. Samples inconsistent results detected by two methods sent Sanger sequencing. minimum limit bacteria was 6.0 × 10 3 cfu/mL~2.0 6 cfu/mL. No cross-reactivity observed other pathogens. percentage agreement reached 100%. For sputum samples, when reference, sensitivity ranged from 80% specificity 67.1% between 69.7% There no statistically significant difference ( P > 0.05) in Escherichia coli , Enterobacter cloacae complex Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes Moraxella catarrhalis or Legionella pneumophila method. Clinical negative cultures but positive validated sequencing, consistent those MPCE. has high pneumonia, enabling simultaneous rapid multiple It is cost-effective potential application. IMPORTANCE This study successfully system that single significantly improving efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by metal-coated endotracheal tubes: a meta-analysis

Critical Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

This study aimed to evaluate whether endotracheal tubes (ETTs) with a metal coating reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) compared uncoated ETTs.

Language: Английский

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New emerging materials with potential antibacterial activities

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens is a critical public health issue, necessitating the development alternative antibacterial agents. Examples these are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and emergence “pan-resistant” Gram-negative strains, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa Acinetobacter baumannii , which occurred more recently. This review examines various emerging materials with significant activities. Among nanomaterials quantum dots, carbon metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic (COFs), layered double hydroxides, all demonstrate excellent properties. Interestingly, including agents within structure can help avoid bacterial resistance improve long-term efficacy materials. Additionally, potential liquid solvents, ionic liquids both deep eutectic solvents natural explored. discusses synthesis methods, advantages, new By providing comprehensive overview innovative materials, this aims to contribute ongoing search for effective solutions combat antibiotic resistance. Key studies demonstrating effects against like Escherichia coli strains summarized. MOFs have exhibited properties through controlled ion release surface interactions. COFs enhanced encapsulated antibiotics displayed intrinsic activity. Other nanomaterials, generated reactive oxygen species, leading microbial inactivation. provide insights into classes highlight them addressing global crisis points • Nanomaterials show strong drug-resistant bacteria Emerging offer novel enhance efficacy, showing promise in combating

Language: Английский

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EARLY TRACHEOSTOMY MIGHT DECREASE THE DURATION OF HOSPITALIZATION AMONG ICU PATIENTS

Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(01), P. 23 - 23

Published: March 16, 2024

Background: Prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients can result adverse outcomes, prompting consideration of tracheostomy (TQT) as a potential intervention. However, the optimal timing for TQT remains uncertain, necessitating further investigation into clinical characteristics undergoing early versus late TQT. Objectives: To compare including duration ventilation, ICU and hospital stays, mortality rates, between (within approximately ten days oro-tracheal intubation) those (after days). Study Design: This study utilised retrospective cohort design. Setting: Data were collected from admitted to Bahria International Hospital's ICU. Duration Study: collection occurred January 2022 December 2023. Material Methods: Patients stratified based on placement, outcomes analysed accordingly. Parameters assessed included rates. Results: group demonstrated shorter stays (20 ± 17 vs. 33 23 days, p = 0.03; 43 53 49 0.01, respectively), reduced (18 15 31 19 < 0.001), higher survival rate (64% 55%). Conclusion: Early performed within initiation, appears confer benefits duration, improved These findings highlight importance timely placement critical care management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Ventilator-associated pneumonia prediction model based on ultrasound and biomarkers compared to bronchoalveolar lavage

Journal of Anesthesia & Critical Care Open Access, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 78 - 81

Published: July 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ CĂN NGUYÊN VI KHUẨN GÂY VIÊM PHỔI LIÊN QUAN THỞ MÁY TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC VÀ CHỐNG ĐỘC BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH VĨNH PHÚC

Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 541(2)

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận sàng và căn nguyên vi khuẩn gây viêm phổi liên quan thở máy tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực Chống độc Bệnh viện Đa tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc. Đối tượng phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô cắt ngang tiến hành trên 33 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán theo ATS/IDSA 2016 từ ngày 01/03/2023 đến 30/9/2023 Căn xác định bằng nuôi cấy phân lập danh mẫu dịch rửa phế quản (BAL), với ngưỡng ³ 103 khuẩn/ml phẩm. Kết quả: Viêm muộn thường gặp hơn, chiếm 60,6%. Tỷ lệ có tăng bạch cầu máu 63,6% số lượng <4 G/l chỉ 6,1%. nồng độ PCT > 0,5ng/ml 84,8%, trong đó >2ng/ml là tổn thương cả 2 bên (69,7%). dương tính 72,7%. Vi nhất Acinetobacter baumanni 40,0%, tiếp Pseudomonas aeruginosa 36,0%. Ba chủng làm kháng sinh đồ: baumanni, Klebsiella pneumoniae cho thấy còn nhạy cảm Colistin đề cao nhiều loại lại dùng. luận: Phần lớn mắc (63,6%) (84,8%). baumannii (40,0%) (36,0%). tốt nhưng các

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Comparing Mini Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Endo-Tracheal Aspirate in Diagnosing Bacterial Pneumonia in Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

IJID Regions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100518 - 100518

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Duration of Antimicrobial Treatment in Adult Patients with Pneumonia: A Narrative Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1078 - 1078

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Pneumonia remains a major global health concern, causing significant morbidity and mortality among adults. This narrative review assesses the optimal duration of antimicrobial treatment in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), hospital-acquired (HAP), ventilator-associated (VAP). Current evidence about impact on clinical outcomes demonstrates that shorter antibiotic courses are non-inferior, regarding safety efficacy, compared to longer courses, particularly patients mild moderate CAP, which is line recommendations international guidelines. Data limited HAP patients, it should be individually tailored each patient, taking into account causative pathogen response. Shorter found as effective management VAP, except for caused by non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria; however, balanced between possibility higher recurrence rates documented benefits courses. Additionally, validation reliable biomarkers or predictors identify who would benefit from therapy crucial. Insights this may lead future research personalized therapies pneumonia, order improve patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) in hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: A comparative study from a tertiary care center, Gujarat

Indian Journal of Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 248 - 253

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Antibiotic resistance poses a formidable challenge to global healthcare, with Gram-negative bacteria emerging as primary concern. Multidrug-resistant bacilli (MDR-GNB) have become significant cause of nosocomial infections, particularly pneumonia, complicate therapy, and detrimental impact on patients’ outcomes. This study aims investigate the etiology, risk factors, antibiotic patterns associated (GNB) isolated from pneumonia cases. prospective cross-sectional was conducted at Microbiology laboratory tertiary care Hospital in Gujarat. Patients hospitalized for &#62;48 hours new lung infiltrates least two following clinical features: fever, leukocytosis/leukopenia, purulent secretions, or decreased oxygenation were included. The initiated after ethical approval. Patient demographic details noted preformed questionnaire. A total 64 specimens [Sputum (n= 28) Endotracheal aspirate (ET, n=36)] cultured MacConkey’s agar Blood further species identification Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern done by automated Vitek-2 compact system. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) found 14.6% infected patients, male predominance common 30-50 years age group. Out them, 72% mainly late-onset. Overall, major isolates (20/64, 31%), followed (19/64, 29.6%) (17/64, 26.5%) both solitary mixed infections.76% strains 85% resistant carbapenems 93.3% cephalosporins carbapenems. 100% recommends effective Infection control practices strong stewardship programs reduce morbidity mortality pneumonia.

Language: Английский

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Tracheal tube infections in critical care: A narrative review of influencing factors, microbial agents, and mitigation strategies in intensive care unit settings

SAGE Open Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Tracheal tube infections pose significant challenges in the management of mechanically ventilated patients intensive care units. These contribute to prolonged unit stays, increased healthcare costs, spread antibiotic resistance, and poor patient outcomes. This study aims elucidate complex relationship between environmental factors, hospital practices, incidence tracheal infections. Our comprehensive review explores impact factors such as air quality, water sources, equipment contamination, ventilation strategies, infection control protocols, microbial reservoirs within settings on rates. Additionally, it investigates global variations prevalence, which are influenced by differences infrastructure, adherence, resistance profiles, demographics. findings highlight importance targeted interventions collaborative approaches reduce burden improve By fully understanding interplay conditions effective prevention strategies can be developed outcomes resources, ultimately enhancing quality critical settings.

Language: Английский

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