Characterization of the Microbiome of Corals with Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease along Florida’s Coral Reef

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 2181 - 2181

Published: Oct. 20, 2021

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is an emergent and often lethal that was first reported near Miami, FL (USA) in 2014. Our objective to determine if colonies showing signs of SCTLD possess a specific microbial signature across five susceptible species sampled Florida's Coral Reef. Three sample types were collected: lesion apparently unaffected diseased colonies, healthy colonies. Using 16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing, our results show that, for every species, the community composition significantly different from colony The all but one (Siderastrea siderea) had higher relative abundances order Rhodobacterales compared with other samples, which may partly explain why S. siderea lesions differed appearance species. Clostridiales also present at relatively high three tissues. Stress leads dysbiosis microbiomes increases abundance opportunistic pathogens. study suggests likely play important role SCTLD.

Language: Английский

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How It All Begins: Bacterial Factors Mediating the Colonization of Invertebrate Hosts by Beneficial Symbionts

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 86(4)

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Beneficial associations with bacteria are widespread across animals, spanning a range of symbiont localizations, transmission routes, and functions. While some these have evolved into obligate relationships permanent localization within the host, majority require colonization every host generation from environment or via maternal provisions.

Language: Английский

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Local anthropogenic stress does not exacerbate coral bleaching under global climate change

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 1228 - 1236

Published: April 11, 2022

Abstract Aim Rising ocean temperatures are widely recognized as the dominant driver behind rapid degradation of coral reefs via process bleaching (the expulsion photosynthetic endosymbionts, which reveals skeleton). However, hard corals is often assumed to be further aggravated by effect local‐scale stressors from anthropogenic activity, accelerating reef decline where these stronger. Despite importance this hypothesis, interaction between climate change and local for driving has only been investigated in a handful studies, with no large scale (regional or global) test conducted thus far. We investigate impact human population density (HPD) – proxy both protected non‐protected marine regions, their under heat stress drivers bleaching. Location Global. Time period 2002–2018. Major taxa studied Scleractinia corals. Methods Using 9,170 surveys worldwide, we performed Bayesian modelling assess probability response global warming. Results Local HPD does not exacerbate bleaching, either independently thermal change. Rather, relationship temperature appears weakly antagonistic contradicting expectation that increases sensitivity stress. Main conclusions interact warming degrading reefs. regional variation patterns exists. Consequently, will continue occur on most globally regardless HPD. Thus, it likely even isolated, well‐protected, because warming‐induced Therefore, tackling source remains effective way mitigate

Language: Английский

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Disease resistance in coral is mediated by distinct adaptive and plastic gene expression profiles

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(39)

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Infectious diseases are an increasing threat to coral reefs, resulting in altered community structure and hindering the functional contributions of disease-susceptible species. We exposed seven reef-building species from Caribbean white plague disease determined processes involved (i) lesion progression, (ii) within-species gene expression plasticity, (iii) expression-level adaptation among that lead differences risk. Gene networks enriched immune genes cytoskeletal arrangement were correlated progression rates. Whether or not a developed was mediated by plasticity extracellular matrix maintenance, autophagy, apoptosis, while resistant had constitutively higher intracellular protein trafficking. This study offers insight into process within- between-species dynamics risk is evident on current reefs.

Language: Английский

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Microbiota is structured by gut regions, life stage, and diet in the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

The larvae of the Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens ) provide numerous ecological benefits, leading to significant commercial advancements. These benefits include bioconversion low-value waste into high-value feed and soil amendments. Understanding how bacterial eukaryotic microbiota communities affect host performance becomes vital for optimization specialization industrial-scale rearing. This study investigates H. -associated taxonomic composition dynamics across developmental cycle (eggs, neonates, larvae, prepupae, imago X0 second generation X1) when reared on two substrates: (i) plant-based (Housefly Gainesville diet) (ii) animal-based (poultry hatchery waste). By using 16S gene amplicon metataxonomic approach, we found that results revealed inherited from parents a different substrate may have induced dysbiosis in progeny. Specifically, interaction networks individuals showed high prevalence negative interactions low connectivity. Proteobacteria (39–92%), Firmicutes (4–39%), Bacteroidota (1–38%), Actinobacteria (1–33%). In animal feed-reared individuals, reached highest relative abundance (10–80%), followed by (6–55%), (1–31%), (0–22%). rearing was main driver composition, while stage influenced only whole individual's composition. Gut regions were associated with distinct richness, diversity decreasing along digestive tract. For first time, microeukaryotes other than Fungi investigated 18S genetic marker sequencing novel blocking primers specific Fly. Microeukaryotes are neglected part multitrophic can similar effects their hosts as microbiota. seven orders identified black soldier flies, including potential pathogens (e.g., Aplicomplexa group). Nucletmycea dominant class throughout development, Holozoa Stramenophiles. eukaryote structured stages but not gut regions. Insights this stepping stone toward microbiological flies industrial rearing, highlighting synthetic assembly should be tailored environment at targeted stage.

Language: Английский

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The Sentient Cell

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Abstract This volume is the natural follow-up to Arthur Reber’s 2019 book, The First Minds: Caterpillars, ‘Karyotes, and Consciousness (TFM). In that earlier work, Cellular Basis of (CBC) theory was developed based on a number efforts published in variety journals between 1997 as well talks, colloquia, presentations at conferences. core proposition TFM life mind are co-terminous. All organisms, all species extant extinct, sentient. have an existentially secure consciousness—without which they would been evolutionary dead-ends, unable survive chaotic, dangerous environment first appeared. And, importantly, forms sentience, cognitive functioning right up including those expressed by humans, evolved from original expression consciousness birth prokaryotes. unicellular widely accepted, foundational principle biological social sciences. CBC simply applies same sentience.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Communities Vary from Different Scleractinian Coral Species and between Bleached and Non-Bleached Corals

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: May 16, 2023

Bleaching is one of the most relevant factors implicated in integrity coral reef ecosystems, with increasing frequency and intensity damaging events representing a serious threat to biodiversity. Here, we analyzed changes coral-associated bacteria from three types non-bleached bleached scleractinian corals (Acropora digitifera, Galaxea fascicularis, Porites pukoensis) Hainan Luhuitou peninsula coastal areas. The community structure symbiotic differed significantly among apparently healthy corals. had higher bacterial alpha diversity some specific genera, including Ruegeria, Methyloceanibacter, Filomicrobium, Halioglobus, Rubripirellula, Rhodopirellula, Silicimonas, Blastopirellula, Sva0996 marine group, Woeseia, unclassified_c_Gammaproteobacteria, were consistently increased groups. Network analysis revealed different degrees modularity between groups at genus level, proportion links was dominated by positive co-occurrences. Functional prediction illustrated that remained relatively consistent Structure equation modeling function directly influenced host environment factors. These findings suggested responses bleaching occur host-dependent manner, informing novel strategies for restoring aiding adaption stress. IMPORTANCE Accumulating evidence indicates play an important role health holobionts. However, variability species statuses remains largely unknown. investigated apparent (healthy) (sampled situ), involving related profiles, composition, diversity, network relationship, potential function. Structural used analyze relationship status abiotic biotic shown exhibit host-specific traits. Both environmental impacts primary effects on microbial communities. Future studies are needed identify mechanisms mediate divergent consortia.

Language: Английский

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Symbiodiniaceae photophysiology and stress resilience is enhanced by microbial associations

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 25, 2023

Abstract Symbiodiniaceae form associations with extra- and intracellular bacterial symbionts, both in culture symbiosis corals. Bacterial associates can regulate fitness terms of growth, calcification photophysiology. However, the influence these bacteria on interactive stressors, such as temperature light, which are known to physiology, remains unclear. Here, we examined photophysiological response two species ( Symbiodinium microadriaticum Breviolum minutum ) cultured under acute light stress specific partners from their microbiome Labrenzia Roseibium alexandrii , Marinobacter adhaerens or Muricauda aquimarina ). Overall, presence positively impacted core photosynthetic health (photosystem II [PSII] quantum yield) photoprotective capacity (non-photochemical quenching; NPQ) compared cultures all extracellular removed, although benefits were variable across genera growth phase. co-cultured M. displayed an inverse NPQ high temperatures those L. demonstrated a lowered threshold for induction NPQ, potentially through provision antioxidant compounds zeaxanthin (produced by spp . dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP; produced this strain Our co-culture approach empirically demonstrates deliver photochemical performance, providing evidence that play important functional roles Symbiodiniaceae.

Language: Английский

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Coral mucus as a reservoir of bacteriophages targeting Vibrio pathogens

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The increasing trend in sea surface temperature promotes the spread of Vibrio species, which are known to cause diseases a wide range marine organisms. Among these pathogens, mediterranei has emerged as significant threat, leading bleaching coral species Oculina patagonica. Bacteriophages, or phages, viruses that infect bacteria, thereby regulating microbial communities and playing crucial role coral's defense against pathogens. However, our understanding phages V. is limited. In this study, we identified two phage capable infecting by utilizing combination cultivation metagenomic approaches. These low-abundance specialists within mucus layer exhibit rapid proliferation presence their hosts, suggesting potential defense. Additionally, one possesses conserved domain leucine-rich repeat protein, similar those harbored genome, plays key pathogen recognition, hinting at coral-phage coevolution. Furthermore, research suggests lytic infections could trigger prophage induction, may disseminate genetic elements, including virulence factors, layer. Overall, findings underscore importance historical interactions form immunity invasive

Language: Английский

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Coral species-specific loss and physiological legacy effects are elicited by an extended marine heatwave

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(11)

Published: May 22, 2024

Marine heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, with potentially catastrophic consequences for marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. An extended heatwave recovery time-series that incorporates multiple stressors is environmentally realistic can provide enhanced predictive capacity performance under climate change conditions. We exposed common reef-building corals Hawai'i, Montipora capitata Pocillopora acuta, to a 2-month period of high temperature PCO2 conditions or ambient factorial design, followed by 2 months High temperature, rather than PCO2, drove multivariate physiology shifts through time both species, including decreases respiration rates endosymbiont densities. acuta exhibited more significantly negatively altered physiology, substantially higher bleaching mortality M. capitata. The sensitivity P. appears be driven baseline photosynthesis paired lower host antioxidant capacity, creating an increased oxidative stress. Thermal tolerance may partly due harboring mixture Cladocopium Durusdinium spp., whereas was dominated other distinct spp. Only survived the experiment, but physiological state heatwave-exposed remained diverged at end relative individuals experienced In future scenarios, particularly heatwaves, our results indicate species-specific loss symbiont differences well Symbiodiniaceae community compositions, surviving species experiencing legacies likely influence stress responses.

Language: Английский

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