Archiv der Pharmazie,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
358(3)
Published: March 1, 2025
Quantitative
proteomics,
an
integral
subfield
within
is
pivotal
for
elucidating
complex
biological
processes.
By
integrating
with
other
omics
data,
quantitative
proteomics
facilitates
system-level
analysis
and
significantly
advances
our
understanding
of
cellular
networks
disease
mechanisms.
The
ongoing
advancements
in
technology
boost
its
importance
by
improving
analytical
accuracy.
This
review
focuses
on
employing
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS),
a
cornerstone
technique
renowned
sensitivity,
selectivity,
accuracy,
throughput.
efficacy
LC-MS
heavily
reliant
sample
preparation,
which
encompasses
protein
extraction,
total
estimation,
reduction,
alkylation,
digestion,
cleanup.
For
the
very
first
time,
this
article
provides
detailed
examination
preparation
methods
offering
insights
guidelines
that
researchers
can
utilize
to
refine
their
experimental
protocols
were
not
critically
evaluated
before.
optimizing
workflows,
enhance
robustness
reproducibility
proteomic
studies.
complexities
optimize
workflow
improve
results.
comprehensive
overview
strategies
using
LC-MS,
discussing
underlying
principles
key
considerations
each
step.
delving
into
aims
aid
workflows
achieve
robust
reproducible
results,
ultimately
drive
innovations
breakthroughs
biomedical
research
healthcare.
Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 23
Published: March 27, 2025
Abstract
Gel
electrophoresis
is
a
widely
used
method
in
biochemical
research;
number
of
different
forms
gel
have
been
developed
and
applied
to
the
analysis
proteins
peptides.
The
most
popular
form
polyacrylamide
(PAGE),
which
are
separated
within
matrix
on
basis
differences
their
charge
density
and/or
relative
molecular
mass
(
M
r
).
Polyacrylamide
also
as
media
for
generation
pH
gradients
an
isoelectrofocusing
(IEF)
technique,
where
separation
due
isoelectric
point
(pI).
Two‐dimensional
(2D)
extremely
powerful
combining
pI
(in
IEF)
sodium
dodecyl
sulfate
PAGE
(SDS‐PAGE)).
Agarose
gels
rarely
today
electrophoretic
proteins;
utility
mainly
restricted
immunoelectrophoretic
techniques,
allow
characterization
by
migration
immunological
properties.
This
article
provides
brief
history
describes
principles
major
techniques.
fields
research
demonstrated.
Topics
included
analytical
small‐scale
preparative
separations
complex
samples;
determination
electrophoretically
polypeptides;
micropreparation
protein
sample
its
further
immunochemical,
enzymatic
proteomic
analysis;
study
interactions
with
ligands;
examination
unfolding
quaternary
structure.
advantages
limitations
described
techniques
discussed.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 393 - 393
Published: April 9, 2025
The
Brazilian
Atlantic
Forest
is
recognized
as
a
biodiversity
hotspot
with
high
levels
of
Cactaceae
endemism,
attracting
significant
attention
for
conservation
efforts
[...]
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 15, 2025
In
electrospray
ionization
(ESI)
mass
spectrometry
(MS),
an
electric
DC
potential
is
often
applied
to
a
metal
capillary
used
infuse
liquid
sample.
However,
in
some
cases,
especially
when
employing
nanoelectrospray
(nanoESI),
it
convenient
use
nonconducting
for
sample
delivery
and
spraying.
these
the
potentials
can
be
applied,
example,
using
union
placed
proximity
of
outlet
or
electrode
located
reservoir
near
inlet.
The
optimum
values,
which
warrant
high
MS
signals,
are
different
two
operational
conditions.
A
higher
needs
further
away
from
outlet.
Moreover,
conductivity
has
strong
influence
on
values.
Lower
must
with
highly
conductive
electrolytes.
Thus,
voltage
scans
required
determine
potentials.
Applying
reservoir,
rather
than
union,
significantly
decreases
appearance
oxidized
analyte
peaks.
We
also
show
that
single-polarity
square
AC
waveform
electrode,
if
its
frequency
sufficiently
high,
similar
effect
as
decreasing
voltage,
allowing
digital
control
waves
(by
varying
duty
cycle).
Interestingly,
meniscus
oscillation
independent
signal
high.
certain
conditions
stabilizes
plume.
These
observations
reveal
resemblance
ESI
line
RC
circuit.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(7), P. 3409 - 3409
Published: April 5, 2025
Affinity
gel
electrophoresis
was
introduced
about
50
years
ago.
Proteins
interact
with
a
ligand
immobilized
in
the
support.
Specific
interactions
cause
decrease
electrophoretic
mobility.
The
presence
of
free
ligand,
competing
an
restores
In
affinity
capillary
electrophoresis,
is
mobile,
and
its
interaction
specific
protein
changes
mobility
protein-ligand
complex.
This
review
mostly
focuses
on
electrophoresis.
theoretical
basis
this
technique,
immobilization
strategies,
principles
for
determination
are
addressed.
Factors
affecting
specificity
strength
discussed,
particular,
structure
matrix,
pH,
temperature,
hydrostatic
pressure,
solvent,
co-solvents,
electric
field,
other
physico-chemical
conditions.
Capillary
uses
also
briefly
introduced.
can
be
used
qualitative
quantitative
purposes.
includes
detection
proteins
complex
media,
investigation
interactions,
heterogeneity,
molecular
genetic
polymorphism,
estimation
dissociation
constants
complexes,
conformational
stability
binding
sites.
Future
prospects,
particular
screening
engineered
mutants
potential
new
drugs,
coupling
to
analytical
methods,
ultra-microtechnological
developments,
addressed
light
trends
renewal
old
technique.
Metabolites,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(5), P. 294 - 294
Published: April 29, 2025
Background/Objectives:
The
present
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
effects
of
frozen
(−18
°C)
and
refrigerated
(4
storage
conditions
on
several
beef
bottom
round
quality
parameters.
Methods:
Fresh
samples
were
stored
under
both
conditions.
For
samples,
pH,
color,
cooking
loss,
thawing
centrifugal
drip
moisture
content,
shear
force,
TBARS
TPA
measured
at
0,
30
60
days.
pH
color
analyzed
1,
3,
5
7
days,
differential
metabolites
also
identified
based
VOCs
analysis
combined
with
multivariate
statistical
analysis.
Results:
surface
(L*,
a*,
b*)
became
darker
during
periods
prolonged
storage.
samples’
significantly
declined
(p
<
0.05)
but
alternated
(initially
reduced
then
increased)
Additionally,
treatment
led
a
significant
change
in
texture
profile.
thiobarbituric
acid
reactive
substance
(TBAR)
values,
loss
increased
an
extended
time,
while
content
was
lower
0.05).
Moreover,
nine
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
as
potential
determinants
Conclusions:
findings
can
contribute
deeper
understanding
variations
storage,
provide
new
thoughts
improve
preservation
strategies
for
round.
