Transcriptome and Flavonoid Compounds Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Heat Stress in Rhododendron with Exogenously Applied Calcium

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1282 - 1282

Published: June 13, 2024

Rhododendron plants have ornamental, commercial, and medicinal value to people. Flavonoids are one of the components used in traditional remedies, found be rich flavonoids. can reduce risk human disease participate regulation antioxidant defense systems response heat stress. prefers cold climates, so relatively high temperatures cities affect extraction ingredients limit cultivation environment. Recent studies that exogenous application calcium acts alleviate stress plants. This study explores mechanism by which alleviates role flavonoids regulating antioxidative system × pulchrum Sweet using combined transcriptomic metabolomic methods. The activities peroxidase, catalase superoxide enzymes were increase external CaCl2 leaves R. pulchrum. In total, 433 metabolic 370 DEGs identified as being differentially expressed chloride (CaCl2) These results illustrate induces oxidative enhance tolerance Rhododendron. Flavonoid compounds responsible for scavenging reactive oxygen species exposed calcium.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids and Their Derivatives as DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors with Anti-Cancer Activity in Various Cell Models: Exploring a Novel Mode of Action

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 107457 - 107457

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Flavonoids, a diverse group of plant-derived secondary metabolites, have garnered significant attention for their potential anti-cancer properties. This review explores the role flavonoids as inhibitors DNA topoisomerases, key enzymes essential replication, transcription, and cell division. The article offers comprehensive overview flavonoid classification, biosynthesis, widespread natural occurrence. It further delves into molecular mechanisms through which exert effects, emphasizing interactions with topoisomerases. provides thorough analysis both in vitro vivo studies that highlight topoisomerase inhibitory activities various derivatives. Key findings demonstrate can function catalytic inhibitors, poisons, or intercalators, affecting type I II structure-activity relationships concerning potency are also examined. underscores promising lead compounds development novel could important implications cancer therapy. However, it acknowledges need research to fully understand intricate between topoisomerases within cellular environment.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed the synthesis and potential role of flavonoids in pea roots under continuous cropping obstacles

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract With the continuation of intensive and monoculture production in modern agriculture, harm continuous cropping obstacles is becoming more prominent. Pea has important nutritional economic value, but it easy to have production. However, there limited knowledge regulatory mechanisms pea cope with obstacles. In this study, we found that number differential expressed genes (DEGs) metabolites (DAMs) increased roots increasing times, DEGs DAMs sensitive was than tolerant pea. Comprehensive analysis omics data revealed flavonoid isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathways play key roles response Most involved these two were up‐regulated. Meanwhile, most compounds total content increased. isoflavones category increased, higher Additionally, (biochanin A, calycosin, genistein) ability inhibit growth fungi soil possess antioxidant activity. These findings role flavonoids laid a foundation for effectively alleviating future.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots under Lead Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 6050 - 6050

Published: May 31, 2024

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that play important roles in the resistance of plants to abiotic stress. Despite widely reported adverse effects lead (Pb) contamination on maize, Pb biosynthetic processes flavonoids maize roots still unknown. In present work, we employed a combination multi-omics and conventional assay methods investigate two concentrations (40 250 mg/kg) flavonoid biosynthesis associated molecular regulatory mechanisms. Analysis using assays revealed 40 mg/kg exposure increased content root 0.67 ± 0.18 3.09 0.02 mg/kg, respectively, but they did not result significant changes length. The results suggested caused differential expression 33 genes 34 related system, while 31 metabolites. Not only these differentially expressed participate transferase activity, anthocyanin-containing compound processes, metal ion binding, hydroxyl group cinnamoyl hydroxycinnamoyl flavanone 4-reductase activity were also significantly enriched flavonoid, isoflavonoid, flavone, flavonol pathways. These show is involved regulation growth by interfering with system. this study will enable elucidation mechanisms systems.

Language: Английский

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The Entry of Pollinating Fig Wasps Plays a Pivotal Role in the Developmental Phase and Metabolic Expression Changes in Ficus hookeriana Figs

Forests, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 165 - 165

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

The fig (the syconium of the Ficus tree) and its pollinating wasp represent exceptional examples for researching plant–insect interactions due to their remarkable specificity in species interaction mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. However, mechanisms underlying developmental process monoecious figs response entry wasps (pollinators) metabolic changes occurring during this remain elusive. Our study employed a combination controlled experiments field LC-MS methods investigate impact on phase figs, as well alterations process. A total 381 metabolites 155 differential were identified, with predominant classes being organic acids, lipids, benzene aromatic compounds. results suggest that absence entry, receptive would exhibit an extended duration. upon wasps, terminate within span 1 2 days, concomitant substantial fluctuations composition proportions fig. research focuses analysis linoleic acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. findings triggers regulatory figs. Prior primarily regulate growth development. after predominantly govern lipid accumulation establishment defense mechanisms, indicating transition This perspective explains why promptly enter interflower is not attractive how achieve reproductive balance through regulation different provides scientific evidence elucidating stability mechanism mutualistic system.

Language: Английский

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Bioorganic compounds in quorum sensing disruption: strategies, Mechanisms, and future prospects

Bioorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108192 - 108192

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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An alternative splicing caused by a natural variation in BnaC02.VTE4 gene affects vitamin E and glucosinolate content in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Summary Vitamin E (VE) is essential for plants and animals. Rapeseed oil rich in α‐tocopherol (α‐T), which the most bioactive form of VE human body. This study demonstrated that rapeseed seeds was mainly controlled by embryo genotype through incomplete diallel hybridization. By genome‐wide association study, QTL‐qVE.C02 associated with α‐T contents detected a Brassica napus population, phenotypic contribution rate up to 18.71%. BnaC02.VTE4 , encoding gama‐tocopherol methyltransferase, proved as target gene qVE.C02 genetic complementation. Two haplotypes were identified population. Compared HapH point mutation from A G at 3′ splicing site second intron found HapL resulting alternative early termination translation. 1052(G‐A) site‐directed mutagenesis fragment introduced into Arabidopsis vte4 mutant 8S088 (a accession), atvte4‐4 increased 90.10% 307.29%. These causal difference biosynthesis rapeseed. Further, this variation also led significant glucosinolate content between accessions. Multi‐omics analysis suggested expression some genes accumulation several metabolites related pathway significantly group. Moreover, functional marker identification, be selected during domestication. Our findings offered promising opportunities enhancing quality traits.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Floral Transcriptomes in Gossypium hirsutum (Malvaceae)

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 502 - 502

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Organ-specific transcriptomes provide valuable insight into the genes involved in organ identity and developmental control. This study investigated of floral organs subtending bracts wild domesticated Gossypium hirsutum, focusing on MADS-box critical for development. The expression profiles A, B, C, D, E class were analyzed, confirming their roles differentiation. Hierarchical clustering revealed similar patterns between sepals, as well petals stamens, while carpels clustered with developing cotton fibers, reflecting shared characteristics. Beyond genes, other transcription factors analyzed to explore genetic basis While showed key exhibited significantly higher compared cotton, which aligns increased number ovules cotton. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted organ-specific roles: upregulated enriched photosynthesis-related GO terms, diverse functions organs, supporting respective functions. Notably, A not expressed petals, deviating from ABCDE model, warrants further analysis. Lastly, differential homoeolog bias toward each subgenome two accessions, suggesting that domestication process has influenced utilization despite functional constraints organogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Based Nanopharmaceuticals as Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Colorectal Cancer—An Updated Literature Review

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 231 - 231

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the most serious health issues and third commonly diagnosed worldwide. However, treatment options for CRC are associated with adverse reactions, in some cases, resistance can develop. Flavonoids have emerged as promising alternatives prevention therapy due to their multitude biological properties ability target distinct processes involved pathogenesis. Their innate disadvantageous (e.g., low solubility stability, reduced bioavailability, lack tumor specificity) delayed potential inclusion flavonoids regimens but hastened design nanopharmaceuticals comprising a flavonoid agent entrapped nanosized delivery platform that not only counteract these inconveniences also provide an augmented therapeutic effect elevated safety profile by conferring targeted action. Starting brief presentation pathological features overview classes, present study comprehensively reviews anti-CRC activity different from mechanistic perspective while portraying latest discoveries made area flavonoid-containing nanocarriers proved efficient management. This review concludes showcasing future perspectives advancement flavonoid-based research.

Language: Английский

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Integrative Profiling of Phytohormones, Metabolomics, and Transcriptomics Reveals Key Regulators of Cold Tolerance in Cucumber Leaves

Food Science & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

A low-temperature condition in a root zone is major abiotic stress that threatens cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and development, yet the molecular mechanism by which leaf reacts to chilling remains largely unknown. In this study, we applied three temperature treatments, including room (20°C-22°C), suboptimal (13°C-15°C), low (8°C-10°C), investigate how affects hormone dynamics, metabolomics, transcriptomics leaves of variety "Jinyou 35", main cultivar northwest southwest China. Through integrative physiological biochemical analysis, auxin emerges as most significant accumulated hormone, accounting for 88% temperature-treated (RL), 99% (SL), 94% low-temperature-treated (LL). Under stress, flavanones were abundant metabolite leaves, constituting over 50% total metabolites, while phenolic acids showed marked decrease. Several differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs), such LOB (CsaV3_3G020650), MYB (CsaV3_3G043510), bHLH (CsaV3_2G005070 CsaV3_4G029740), upregulated SL LL, potentially enhancing cucumber's defense against injury. Additionally, terminal flower formation was observed under conditions, with CsFT expression LL lower than RL, negative correlation between CsNAC6. These findings deepen our understanding resilience mechanisms shedding light on its cold tolerance strategies.

Language: Английский

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