Biosynthesized Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Insecticide Activity and Sublethal Effects Against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 490 - 490

Published: March 27, 2025

The overuse of synthetic pesticides has triggered resistance in insect pests and caused severe environmental impacts, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable alternatives Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This study aimed to biosynthesize characterize chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (AgChNPs) using Galega officinalis leaf extract evaluate their insecticidal effects against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a key pest fruit crops worldwide. biosynthesized AgChNPs (257.2 nm) were polydisperse, crystalline, stable, as confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). exhibited strong toxicity across multiple developmental stages. Combined larvicidal pupicidal activity reached 48.3% 73.3% at 500 1000 ppm, respectively, significantly affecting immature As consequence, adult emergence declined 46.7%, 51.7%, 26.7% 250, 500, ppm. Among emerged adults, 71.7% displayed sublethal effects, with 62.8% showing morphological malformations (deformed wings, dehydration) 37.2% presenting cuticle demelanization. Adulticidal bioassays revealed progressive mortality over 48 h, 96% Overall, acute chronic toxicity, reduced emergence, induced alterations, demonstrating potential nanotechnological tool effective control within IPM programs.

Language: Английский

---

Nanoparticles Alter Locust Development and Behaviour

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Locusts, among the world's most destructive migratory pests, threaten food security by devastating crops and pastures. Conventional chemical insecticides pose environmental health risks, highlighting need for sustainable alternatives. We demonstrate efficacy of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles (36 ± 10 nm), as a safe, cost-effective insecticide locust management. These NiFe2O4 disrupt development impairing blastokinesis growth, thus resulting in malformed nymphs with compacted abdomens disorganised body structures - primarily arising from significantly lower heart rates (30 bpm control vs. 20 embryos exposed to NiFe2O4) changes end-diastolic end-systolic dimensions. Adult locusts retained ingested their coelomic cavities, which could potentially be used traceable markers swarm tracking. Additionally, were recoverable soil over 90% efficiency, minimising potential ecological impact. Our research therefore offers an innovative nanotechnology-based solution effective

Language: Английский

---

Fabrication of biosynthesized nickel ferrites nanoparticles and evaluation of their insecticidal efficacy on beetles (Blaps polychresta) testicular integrity

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Abstract Green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a significant strategy to develop effective and eco-friendly insecticide agents combat resistance preserve environmental integrity biodiversity. This study was thus designed fabricate novel green synthesized NiFe 2 O 4 (NiFe NPs) investigate their potential insecticidal effects for the first time using Blaps polychresta beetle an agricultural coleopteran pest model. Therefore, we prepared NPs following hydrothermal procedure in presence lemon juice. The physiochemical characteristics were investigated employing SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, VSM, UV-Vis analysis. lowest most dose against male beetles ascertained at concentration 0.03 mg/g body weight, reporting 67% mortality after 48 h. To impact NPs, EDX analysis demonstrated bioaccumulation testicular tissues beetles, leading pathophysiological consequences. Precisely, oxidative stress incited by led disturbance antioxidant defense system, which defined augmentation lipid peroxidation suppression enzymes. Furthermore, comet assay exhibited remarkable DNA impairment, while flow cytometry showed substantial cellular necrosis apoptosis NPs-treated compared control insects. In correlation with these findings, several aberrations histological ultrastructure attributes perceived, including impaired follicular cyst walls, deteriorated parietal cells, necrosis, vacuolations. These results implied that triggered injury testes, resulting reproductive system dysfunction. Altogether, our findings accentuate application nanopesticides, paving way sustainable cost-effective management insect pests agriculture.

Language: Английский

---

Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanocomposites: Biosynthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Ag+ Release in Liquid and Biofilm Forms

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4130 - 4130

Published: April 26, 2025

This study explores the biosynthesis, characterization, and evaluation of silver nanoparticles coated with chitosan (AgChNPs) for liquid nanocomposite biofilm formation in integrated pest management (IPM). AgChNPs were synthesized using Galega officinalis leaf extract as a reducing agent, varying concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 2%) pH levels (3, 4, 5). Synthesis was optimized based on nanoparticle size, stability, polydispersity index (PDI) over 21 days. Biofilms incorporating analyzed chemical, physical, mechanical, thermal properties via Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray (TEM-EDX), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission (ICP-OES) to quantify ionization. TEM confirmed spherical (5.54-61.46 nm), FTIR validated G. functionalization chitosan. 1% at 4 exhibited optimal properties: size 207.88 nm, zeta potential +42.30 mV, PDI 0.62. displayed tunable mechanical strength, tensile strength 3.48 MPa 5% glycerol 2% an elongation break 24.99 mm. TGA showed two-step degradation process (98.19% mass loss). Ag ionization 62.57 mg/L 184.07 mg/kg biofilms. These findings highlight AgChNPs' controlled-release enhanced performance, supporting sustainable agricultural applications.

Language: Английский

---