Time-Restricted Eating and Metabolic Syndrome: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 221 - 221

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurs in ~30% of adults and is associated with increased risk cardiovascular disease diabetes mellitus. MetS reflects the clustering individual cardiometabolic factors including central obesity, elevated fasting plasma glucose, dyslipidemia, blood pressure. Erratic eating patterns such as over a prolonged period per day irregular meal timing are common patients MetS. Misalignment between daily rhythms food intake circadian system can contribute to rhythm disruption which results abnormal metabolic regulation adversely impacts health. Novel approaches aim at restoring robust through modification duration represent promising strategy for Restricting during (time-restricted eating, TRE) aid mitigating improving outcomes. Previous pilot TRE study showed feasibility improvements body weight fat, abdominal atherogenic lipids, pressure, were observed despite no overt attempt change diet quantity quality or physical activity. The present article aims giving an overview human studies individuals its components, summarizing current clinical evidence health intervention these populations, presenting future perspectives implementation treat prevent trials laid groundwork indicate need further research large-scale controlled determine efficacy reducing long-term risk, providing tools sustained lifestyle changes and, ultimately, overall

Language: Английский

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Meal Timing, Meal Frequency and Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1719 - 1719

Published: April 21, 2022

Individuals with metabolic syndrome have increased risk for developing health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Modifiable factors, such as exercise diet, are key components in the prevention control of syndrome. Specifically, dietary patterns habits extremely successful controlling more than one factors. Meal timing frequency been associated type 2 diabetes, diseases, other chronic conditions. However, there is limited evidence linking to meal frequency. This review summarizes discusses how impact outcomes adults.

Language: Английский

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Associations between circadian disruption and cardiometabolic disease risk: A review

Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 615 - 624

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Abstract The human circadian system plays a vital role in many physiological processes, and rhythms are found virtually all tissues organs. disruption of may lead to adverse health outcomes. Evidence from recent population‐based studies was reviewed because they represent real‐world behavior can be useful developing future reduce the risk conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, which occur disruption. An electronic search PubMed Web Science (2012–2022) performed. Selected articles were based on specific inclusion exclusion criteria. Five factors that disrupt rhythm alignment discussed: shift work, late chronotype, sleep timing, irregularity, meal timing. observational these disruptors suggests potential detrimental effects cardiometabolic health, higher BMI/obesity, blood pressure, greater dyslipidemia, inflammation, diabetes. Future research should identify underlying pathways order mitigate consequences work. Furthermore, optimal mealtimes for metabolic explored intervention studies. Lastly, it is important timing external environmental cues (such as light) behaviors influence managed.

Language: Английский

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Timing of energy intake and the therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting and time-restricted eating in NAFLD

Gut, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(8), P. 1607 - 1619

Published: June 7, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a major public health concern and is associated with substantial global burden of liver-related cardiovascular-related morbidity mortality. High total energy intake coupled unhealthy consumption ultra-processed foods saturated fats have long been regarded as dietary drivers NAFLD. However, there an accumulating body evidence demonstrating that the timing across day also important determinant individual risk for NAFLD metabolic conditions. This review summarises available observational epidemiological data describing associations between eating patterns disease, including negative effects irregular meal patterns, skipping breakfast night-time on health. We suggest these harmful behaviours deserve greater consideration in stratification management patients particularly 24-hour society continuous availability food up to 20% population now engaged shiftwork mistimed patterns. draw studies reporting liver-specific impact Ramadan, which unique real-world opportunity explore physiological fasting. By highlighting from preclinical pilot human studies, we present further biological rationale manipulating improve discuss how this may be mediated through restoration natural circadian rhythms. Lastly, comprehensively landscape trials intermittent fasting time-restricted offer look future about strategies benefit non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Language: Английский

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Timing Matters: The Interplay between Early Mealtime, Circadian Rhythms, Gene Expression, Circadian Hormones, and Metabolism—A Narrative Review

Clocks & Sleep, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 507 - 535

Published: Sept. 6, 2023

Achieving synchronization between the central and peripheral body clocks is essential for ensuring optimal metabolic function. Meal timing an emerging field of research that investigates influence eating patterns on our circadian rhythm, metabolism, overall health. This narrative review examines relationship meal timing, clock genes, hormones, It analyzes existing literature experimental data to explore connection mealtime, rhythms, processes. The available evidence highlights importance aligning mealtime with body’s natural rhythms promote health prevent disorders. Specifically, studies show consuming meals later in day associated elevated prevalence disorders, while early time-restricted eating, such as having breakfast earlier dinner, improves levels glucose blood substrate oxidation. Circadian including cortisol melatonin, interact mealtimes play vital roles regulating Cortisol, aligned dawn diurnal mammals, activates energy reserves, stimulates appetite, influences gene expression, synchronizes clocks. Consuming during periods melatonin levels, specifically night, has been correlated potential implications tolerance. Understanding mechanisms synchronization, genetics, interactions chronotype, sleep duration, hormonal changes, provides valuable insights optimizing dietary strategies timing. knowledge contributes improved well-being by rhythm.

Language: Английский

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The Association between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Review

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 966 - 966

Published: March 28, 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition caused by combination of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMR). MetS leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), both which place burden on not only the patients but also healthcare system. Diagnostic criteria for vary, there no universal tool detect it. Recently, many studies have found positive associations between atherogenic index plasma (AIP) some CMR factors. Therefore, comprehensive review was needed recapitulate these qualitatively estimate likelihood AIP being associated with CMR. We aimed summarise observational data verify their association.A conducted searching "atherogenic plasma" in PubMed, One Search, Cochrane library. A total 2068 articles were screened, 32 included after excluding paediatric, non-human interventional studies, those carried out cohorts conditions unrelated or lipid-lowering medication. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale used assess quality.Most that reported high waist circumference (WC), triglycerides (TG), insulin resistance (IR) low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration, AIP. Few investigated blood pressure (BP) discrepancies existed results.AIP may be WC, TG, IR, HDL-C. It unclear if BP. current study's results should inform futureward meta-analysis seen quantitatively. recommended more cohort stratified gender ethnicity performed ascertain can predict before it manifests.

Language: Английский

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Association of largest meal timing and eating frequency with body mass index and obesity

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 179 - 186

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Variability in Daily Eating Patterns and Eating Jetlag Are Associated With Worsened Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(18)

Published: Sept. 6, 2021

Background Sleep variability and social jetlag are associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes via circadian disruption. Variable eating patterns also lead to disruption, but associations health unknown. Methods Results Women (n=115, mean age: 33±12 years) completed a 1-week food record using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool at baseline 1 year. Timing of first last occasions, nightly fasting duration, %kcal consumed after 5 pm (%kcal pm) 8 were estimated. Day-to-day was assessed from SD these variables. Eating defined as weekday-weekend differences in metrics. Multivariable-adjusted linear models examined cross-sectional longitudinal day-to-day metrics risk. Greater start time, related higher body mass index waist circumference (P<0.05). In analyses, 10% increase predicted increased (β, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.23-0.81) 1.73; 0.58-2.87); greater 0.25; 0.07-0.43). Every 30-minute duration diastolic blood pressure 0.95; 0.40-1.50); an equivalent systolic 0.58; 0.11-1.05) 0.45; 0.10-0.80). Per SD, there 2.98 mm Hg (95% 0.04-5.92) 2.37mm 0.19-4.55) increases pressure; 1.83; 0.30-3.36). For hemoglobin A1c, every end time 0.09% 0.03-0.15), 0.06% 0.001-0.12), 0.23% 0.07-0.39) increases, respectively. Conclusions adiposity worse glycemic control. Findings warrant confirmation population-based cohorts intervention studies.

Language: Английский

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A scoping review of intermittent fasting, chronobiology, and metabolism

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 115(4), P. 991 - 1004

Published: Dec. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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Association of Eating and Sleeping Intervals With Weight Change Over Time: The Daily24 Cohort

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Background We aim to evaluate the association between meal intervals and weight trajectory among adults from a clinical cohort. Methods Results This is multisite prospective cohort study of recruited 3 health systems. Over 6-month period, 547 participants downloaded used mobile application record timing meals sleep for at least 1 day. obtained information on comorbidities each outpatient visit electronic records up 10 years before until months after baseline. mixed linear regression model trajectories. Mean age was 51.1 (SD 15.0) years, body mass index 30.8 7.8) kg/m2; 77.9% were women, 77.5% reported White race. interval first last 11.5 (2.3) hours not associated with change. The number per day positively average difference in annual change (95% CI) an increase daily 0.28 kg (0.02-0.53). Conclusions Number over 6 years. Our findings did support use time-restricted eating as strategy long-term loss general medical population.

Language: Английский

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