Effects of dietary components on intestinal permeability in health and disease

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 319(5), P. G589 - G608

Published: Sept. 9, 2020

Altered intestinal permeability plays a role in many pathological conditions. Intestinal is component of the barrier. This barrier dynamic interface between body and food pathogens that enter gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, dietary components can directly affect this interface, metabolites produced by host enzymes or gut microbiota act as signaling molecules exert direct effects on Our aim was to examine diet health disease states. Herein, we conducted an in-depth PubMed search based specific key words (diet, permeability, barrier, health, disease, disorder), well cross references from those articles. The normal consists multiple lumen, epithelial cell layer lamina propria. Diverse methods are available measure permeability. We focus predominantly human vivo studies, literature reviewed identify factors decrease (e.g., emulsifiers, surfactants, alcohol) increase fiber, short-chain fatty acids, glutamine, vitamin D) integrity. Effects these items states, such metabolic syndrome, liver colitis documented examples dysfunction multifactorial diseases. function associated with precise mechanisms some instances; further research has potential clarify interventions treating diverse pathologic

Language: Английский

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Gut-Liver Axis: Exploring an Undernutrition Perspective

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 162(7), P. 1858 - 1875.e2

Published: March 3, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition affecting one quarter of the global population. Although primarily linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, undernutrition altered (dysbiotic) gut microbiome influence NAFLD progression. Both prevalence are predicted considerably increase, but how undernourished contributes hepatic pathophysiology remains far less studied. Here, we present conditions with features, including kwashiorkor micronutrient deficiency. We then review microbiota-liver axis, highlighting key pathways progression within both overnutrition undernutrition. To conclude, identify challenges collaborative possibilities emerging multiomic research addressing pathology treatment NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Breaking the barriers: the role of gut homeostasis in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and the gut microbiome intricately interplay in Metabolic-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty (NAFLD), a growing health concern. The complex progression of MASLD extends beyond liver, driven by "gut-liver axis," where diet, genetics, gut-liver interactions influence disease development. pathophysiology involves excessive liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte dysfunction, inflammation, fibrosis, with subsequent risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). gut, tripartite barrier, mechanical, immune, microbial components, engages constant communication liver. Recent evidence links dysbiosis disrupted barriers to systemic inflammation progression. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate immunological crosstalk between recognizing structures triggering immune responses. "multiple hit model" development factors like resistance, dysbiosis, genetics/environmental elements disrupting axis, leading impaired intestinal barrier function increased permeability. Clinical management strategies encompass dietary interventions, physical exercise, pharmacotherapy targeting bile acid (BA) metabolism, modulation approaches through prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). This review underscores microbiome, their impact on therapeutic prospects.

Language: Английский

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Curcumin modulated gut microbiota and alleviated renal fibrosis in 5/6 nephrectomy-induced chronic kidney disease rats

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0314029 - e0314029

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Increasing evidence suggests that dysbiosis of gut microbiota exacerbates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Curcumin (CUR) has been reported to alleviate renal fibrosis in animal models CKD. However, the relationship between CUR and microbiome CKD remains unclear. This study aims investigate potential anti-renal effects from perspective. A 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) rat model was used explore therapeutic effect on fibrosis. Tight junction protein expression levels were measured assess intestinal barrier function. 16S rRNA sequencing employed evaluate changes composition, metabolomics utilized detect alterations plasma metabolites. The administration significantly ameliorated inhibited inflammation 5/6Nx rats. Additionally, markedly improved tight proteins local colon inflammation. also positively reconstructed microbiota, increasing abundance beneficial bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group , Eubacterium_siraeum_group Muribaculaceae increased. Metabolomics revealed reduced uremic retention solutes elevated Vitamin D short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Spearman correlation analysis indicated genera enriched by correlated with SCFA negatively injury biomarkers. Mechanistically, we found inhibition LPS/TLR4/NF-κB TGF-β1/Smads pathway CUR-treated Our indicates modulate this modulation may contribute anti-fibrosis CUR.

Language: Английский

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Role of the Intestinal Epithelium and Its Interaction With the Microbiota in Food Allergy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

The intestinal epithelial tract forms a dynamic lining of the digestive system consisting range cell sub-types with diverse functions fulfilling specific niches. epithelium is more than just physical barrier regulating nutrient uptake, rather it plays critical role in homeostasis through its intrinsic innate immune function, pivotal regulation antigen sensitization, and bi-directional interplay microbiota that evolves age. In this review we will discuss these context food allergy.

Language: Английский

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Liposomes for oral delivery of protein and peptide-based therapeutics: challenges, formulation strategies, and advances

Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(24), P. 4773 - 4792

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Throughout the past decade, there has been a rapid growth in development of protein/peptide-based therapeutics. These therapeutics have found widespread applications treatment cancer, infectious diseases, and other metabolic disorders owing to their several desirable attributes, such as reduced toxicity, diverse biological activities, high specificity, potency. Most drugs are still administered parenterally, is an unprecedented demand pharmaceutical industry develop oral delivery routes increase patient acceptability convenience. Recent advancements nanomedicine discoveries led nano micro-particle-based platforms for among these, liposomes emerged prominent candidate. Liposomes spherical vesicles composed one or more phospholipid bilayers enclosing core aqueous phase. Their unique amphiphilic nature enables encapsulation range bioactives/drugs including both hydrophobic hydrophilic compounds delivery. Against this backdrop, review provides overview current approaches challenges associated with methods administration by using potential vehicle. First, conventional innovative liposome formation discussed along applications. Next, protein peptide-derived thoroughly addressed. Lastly, we critically reviewed utilization vehicles proteins emphasizing status future directions area.

Language: Английский

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A polysaccharide fromRosa roxburghiiTratt fruit attenuates high-fat diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation in mice by modulating the gut microbiota

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 530 - 547

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Obesity-induced colonic inflammation-stimulated colitis is one of the main causes colorectal cancer. Dietary polysaccharides are considered an effective agent for relieving obesity-induced inflammatory diseases such as diabetes and colitis. In this work, protective effects a polysaccharide (RTFP) extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit on barrier dysfunction inflammation were investigated using model mice. RTFP treatment repaired intestinal by increasing expression tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, occludin) reducing levels cytokines, permeability, oxidative stress in mice fed high-fat diet. Most significantly, decreased gut ameliorated metabolic dysbiosis microflora decreasing Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, serum D-lactic acid lipopolysaccharides, inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, significantly increased abundance beneficial bacteria (Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Akkermansiaceae, etc.) but pathogenic bacteria. These findings indicate that can be used natural anti-inflammatory to reduce chronic

Language: Английский

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Food‐grade carrageenans and their implications in health and disease

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 3918 - 3936

Published: June 19, 2021

Food additives, often used to guarantee the texture, shelf-life, taste, and appearance of processed foods, have gained widespread attention due their increased link growing incidence chronic diseases. As one most common carrageenans been in human diets for hundreds years. While classified as generally recognized safe (GRAS) consumption, numerous studies since 1980s suggested that carrageenans, particularly those with random coil conformations, may adverse effects on gastrointestinal health, including aggravating intestinal inflammation. these provided some evidence effects, topic is still controversial. Some negative consequence consumption be structure dependent. Furthermore, pre-existing conditions predispose individuals varied outcomes carrageenan intake. In this review, structure-function relationships various context food safety are discussed. We reviewed molecular mechanisms by which exert biological effects. summarized findings associated intake animal models clinical trials. Moreover, we examined interactions between gut microbiome pathogenesis disorders. This review argues personalized guidance based individuals' health status. Future research efforts aim close knowledge gap effect low-dose well among additives should conducive improved profile products.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota as a Contributor to Chronic Inflammation and Its Potential Modifications

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 3839 - 3839

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

The gut microbiota is a crucial factor in maintaining homeostasis. presence of commensal microorganisms leads to the stimulation immune system and its maturation. In turn, dysbiosis with an impaired intestinal barrier accelerated contact host’s cells. Microbial structural parts, i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as flagellin (FLG), peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), induce inflammation via activation pattern recognition receptors. metabolites can also develop chronic low-grade inflammation, which cause many metabolic diseases. This article aims systematize information on influence benefits modification through dietary changes, prebiotics, probiotic intake. Scientific research indicates that various disease states reduce improve profile. However, since there no for healthy microbiota, optimal way modify it. methods influencing should be adapted type dysbiosis. Although are studies effects this subject still relatively unknown, more needed area.

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease and Diabetes: Role of Diet, Microbiota and Inflammation in Preclinical Models

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 262 - 262

Published: Feb. 10, 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Epidemiological studies show association between AD and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), although mechanisms are not fully understood. Dietary habits lifestyle, that risk factors in both diseases, strongly modulate gut microbiota composition. Also, brain-gut axis plays a relevant role AD, inflammation, through products bacterial metabolism, like short-chain fatty acids. We provide comprehensive review current literature on relation dysbiosis, altered inflammatory cytokines profile microglia preclinical models T2DM reproduce diseases as commonly observed clinic. Increased proinflammatory cytokines, such IL-1β TNF-α, widely detected. Microbiome analysis shows alterations Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes phyla, among others. Altered α- β-diversity mice depending genotype, gender age; therefore, bacteria taxa highly depend approaches. also use pre- probiotic supplements, by favoring healthy microbiome ameliorate pathologies. Whereas extensive have been carried out, further research would be necessary to understand diet, inflammation T2DM.

Language: Английский

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