Electrospun nanofibers for medical face mask with protection capabilities against viruses: State of the art and perspective for industrial scale-up

Applied Materials Today, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32, P. 101833 - 101833

Published: May 2, 2023

Face masks have proven to be a useful protection from airborne viruses and bacteria, especially in the recent years pandemic outbreak when they effectively lowered risk of infection Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or Omicron variants, being recognized as one main protective measures adopted by World Health Organization (WHO). The need for improving filtering efficiency performance prevent penetration fine particulate matter (PM), which can potential bacteria virus carriers, has led research into developing new methods techniques face mask fabrication. In this perspective, Electrospinning shown most efficient technique get either synthetic natural polymers-based fibers with size down nanoscale providing remarkable terms both particle filtration breathability. aim Review is give further insight implementation electrospun nanofibers realization next generation masks, functionalized membranes via addiction active material polymer solutions that optimal features about antibacterial, antiviral, self-sterilization, electrical energy storage capabilities. Furthermore, advances regarding use renewable materials green solvent strategies improve sustainability fabricate eco-friendly filters are here discussed, view large-scale nanofiber production where traditional membrane manufacturing may result high environmental health risk.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional deficiencies that may predispose to long COVID

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 573 - 583

Published: March 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Selenium, Zinc, and Copper Status of Vegetarians and Vegans in Comparison to Omnivores in the Nutritional Evaluation (NuEva) Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 3538 - 3538

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Plant-based diets usually contain more nutrient-dense foods such as vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and fruits than a standard Western diet. Yet, the amount especially bioavailability of several nutrients, trace elements, is supposed to be lower in comparison with consumption animal-derived foods. Based on this, Nutritional Evaluation (NuEva) study (172 participants) was initiated compare element status omnivores, flexitarians, vegetarians, vegans. Serum selenium, zinc, copper concentrations biomarkers were evaluated at baseline during 12-month intervention energy- nutrient-optimized menu plans. The implementation optimized plans did not substantially influence elements. At baseline, serum selenium vegetarians vegans compared omnivores flexitarians. zinc intake significantly whereas Phytate Diet Score increased. Accordingly, total reduced which was, however, only significant women further supported by analysis free zinc. Regarding status, no differences observed for copper. Overall, we identified critical nutrients when maintaining vegan

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers of Micronutrients and Phytonutrients and Their Application in Epidemiological Studies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 970 - 970

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Nutritional biomarkers can be used as important indicators of nutritional status and play crucial roles in the prevention well prognosis optimization various metabolism-related diseases. Measuring dietary with deployment biomarker assessments provides quantitative information that better predict health outcomes. With increased availability development assessment tools, specificity sensitivity have been greatly improved. This enables efficient disease surveillance nutrition research. A wide range different types studies, including clinical trials, observational qualitative to reflect relationship between diet health. Through a comprehensive literature search, we reviewed well-established vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, their association epidemiological understand role disease.

Language: Английский

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A fluorometric assay to determine labile copper(II) ions in serum

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Abstract Labile copper(II) ions (Cu 2+ ) in serum are considered to be readily available for cellular uptake and constitute the biologically active Cu species blood. It might also suitable reflect copper dyshomeostasis during diseases such as Wilson’s disease (WD) or neurological disorders. So far, no direct quantification method has been described determine this small subset. This study introduces a fluorometric high throughput assay using novel binding fluoresceine-peptide sensor FP4 (Kd of -FP4-complex 0.38 pM) labile human rat serum. Using 96 samples, was measured 0.14 ± 0.05 pM, showing correlation with age other trace elements. No sex-specific differences concentrations were noted, contrast total levels Analysis effect drug therapy on sera 19 patients WD showed significant decrease following chelation therapy, suggesting that may specific marker status could monitoring treatment progress.

Language: Английский

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Serum Free Zinc Is Associated With Vaccination Response to SARS-CoV-2

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 30, 2022

Background Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element with high relevance for the immune system, and its deficiency associated elevated infection risk severe disease course. The association of Zn status response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination unknown. Methods A cohort adult health care workers (n=126) received two doses BNT162B2, provided up four serum samples over a time course 6 months. Total IgG neutralizing antibody potency was determined, along total as well free concentrations. Results antibodies showed expected rise in vaccination, decreased toward last sampling point, highest levels measured three weeks after second dose. concentrations were relatively stable time, no significant antibodies. Baseline concentration supplemental intake both unrelated vaccination. Time resolved analysis indicated similar dynamic humoral response. positive correlation observed between induced potency. Conclusion While biomarkers appeared indicates diagnostic value this novel biomarker system.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Immunomodulatory Roles of Nonvitamin Antioxidants in Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Therapy

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65(19), P. 12562 - 12593

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Viral pathologies encompass activation of pro-oxidative pathways and inflammatory burst. Alleviating overproduction reactive oxygen species cytokine storm in COVID-19 is essential to counteract the immunogenic damage endothelium alveolar membranes. Antioxidants alleviate oxidative stress, storm, hyperinflammation, diminish risk organ failure. Direct antiviral roles imply: impact on viral spike protein, interference with ACE2 receptor, inhibition dipeptidyl peptidase 4, transmembrane protease serine 2 or furin, helicase, papain-like protease, 3-chyomotrypsin like RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Prooxidative environment favors conformational changes receptor binding domain, promoting affinity protein for host receptor. imply a vicious cycle, stress responses, vice versa. The same was noticed respect relationship antioxidant impairment-viral replication. Timing, dosage, activities, mutual influences, other antioxidants should be carefully regarded. Deficiency linked illness severity.

Language: Английский

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Association of COVID-19 mortality with serum selenium, zinc and copper: Six observational studies across Europe

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Introduction Certain trace elements are essential for life and affect immune system function, their intake varies by region population. Alterations in serum Se, Zn Cu have been associated with COVID-19 mortality risk. We tested the hypothesis that a disease-specific decline occurs correlates risk different countries Europe. Methods Serum samples from 551 patients (including 87 non-survivors) who had participated observational studies Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Poland) were analyzed total reflection X-ray fluorescence. A subset (n=2069) of European EPIC study served as reference. Analyses performed blinded to clinical data one analytical laboratory. Results Median levels Se lower than EPIC, except Italy. Non-survivors consistently concentrations survivors displayed an elevated Cu/Zn ratio. Restricted cubic spline regression models revealed inverse nonlinear association between or death, positive ratio death. With respect patient age sex, showed highest predictive value death (AUC=0.816), compared (0.782) (0.769). Discussion The support potential relevance decrease survival across design cannot account residual confounding reverse causation, but supports need intervention trials severe deficiency test benefit correcting deficits convalescence.

Language: Английский

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Total and Free Zinc Dynamics as Biomarkers for Neurological Impairment in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 496 - 496

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Background/Objectives: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) profoundly impacts patients by precipitating a loss of motor and sensory capabilities, largely due to oxidative stress inflammation during the secondary phase. Methods: This investigation explores diagnostic potential zinc (Zn) free (fZn) as biomarkers analyzing their serum concentration dynamics in 48 TSCI individuals with TSCI, aim correlating these levels neurological impairment. Serum samples collected at admission, 4 h, 9 12 24 3 days post-injury were analyzed for total Zn fZn concentrations. The compared control group comprised vertebral fractures but no deficits. Results: study revealed injury-specific fluctuations following significantly lower observed post-TSCI controls (p = 0.016). American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment scale (AIS) assessments admission three months showed level differences are linked recovery (AIS+:1 > AIS+:2, 0 h: p 0.008; AIS+:0 < AIS+:1, 0.016), highlighting critical role trace elements early remission process after TSCI. Notably, significant detected between groups (TSCI Control; 0.045; 0.001; d: peak performance h post-injury, indicated an Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) 83.84% (CI: 0.698–0.978). Conclusions: These findings underscore biomarker guide therapeutic interventions aimed mitigating enhancing outcomes. contributes insights into its importance, holding specific properties that could be critically relevant phase signature development diagnostics prognosis.

Language: Английский

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Zinc(II) Complexes: Synthetic and antiviral Perspective

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114355 - 114355

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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