Nutritional Strategies for Optimizing Health, Sports Performance, and Recovery for Female Athletes and Other Physically Active Women: A Systematic Review

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Context Despite the progress toward gender equality in events like Olympic Games and other institutionalized competitions, rising number of women engaging physical exercise programs, scientific studies focused on establishing specific nutritional recommendations for female athletes physically active are scarce. Objective This systematic review aimed to compile evidence available addressing question “What dietary strategies, including supplementation approaches, can improve sports performance, recovery, health status women?” Data Sources The Pubmed, Web Science, Scopus databases were searched. Extraction process involved a comprehensive search strategy using keywords connected by Boolean connectors. extracted from selected included information participants their characteristics related sport practice, age, menstrual function. Analysis A total 71 this review: 17 analysis manipulation, 54 effects supplementation. sample size was 1654 (32.5% categorized as competitive athletes, 30.7% highly/moderately trained, 37.2% active/recreational athletes). risk bias considered moderate, mainly reasons such lack access study protocol, insufficient description how hormonal phase during cycle controlled for, inadequate control intervention, or blinding researchers. Conclusion Diets with high carbohydrate (CHO) content enhance performance activities that induce muscle glycogen depletion. In addition, pre-exercise meals glycemic index rich CHOs increase CHO metabolism. Ingestion 5–6 protein interspersed throughout day, each intake exceeding 25 g favors anabolism proteins. Dietary supplements taken caffeine, nitric oxide precursors, β-alanine, certain foods (such CHOs, proteins, combination, micronutrients cases deficiencies), may positively influence and/or women. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD480674.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of the Consumption of Sports Supplements in Open Water Swimmers According to the Competitive Level

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(24), P. 5211 - 5211

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Sports supplements (SS) are widely consumed by many types of athletes to improve their performance. These SS classified according level scientific evidence, the ABCD system from Australian Institute Sport (AIS). In open water swimming, use may be necessary due physiological challenges posed this sport discipline. However, there is currently little literature on in swimmers. The aim work analyze pattern consumption swimmers, studying differences competitive (regional vs. national). Descriptive and cross-sectional study federated swimmers Spain 2019/2020 2020/2021 seasons. data were collected through a validated questionnaire. 79.5% participants SS, with significant level, being higher at national level. most-consumed studied sports drinks, energy bars, caffeine, vitamin C, D. It was observed that high, five four them belonged category greatest evidence.

Language: Английский

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Ergogenic Aids to Improve Physical Performance in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 81 - 81

Published: Dec. 24, 2022

Most intervention studies investigating the effects of ergogenic aids (EAs) on sports performance have been carried out in male population. Thus, aim this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize existing literature EAs used by female athletes performance. A research conducted, a descriptive analysis articles included out. Meta-analyses could be performed 32 articles, evaluating strength, sprint, cardiovascular capacity. random-effects model standardized mean differences (SMD) ± 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. The results showed that caffeine helped improve jumping performance, isometric strength values, number repetitions until failure. Caffeine sodium phosphate sprint Aerobic tests improved with use taurine, caffeine, beta-alanine. No conclusive beetroot juice, polyphenols, or creatine improving aerobic shown. In terms anaerobic variables, both help repeated ability. More are needed measure different such as beta-alanine phosphate, date scarce there many types EA need further considered population, taurine.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Supplement Use in Competitive Spanish Football Players and Differences According to Sex

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 602 - 602

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the consumption of dietary supplements (DS) in semi-professional male professional female Spanish football players. Methods: The involved 129 players (92 men 37 women) who completed a validated, self-administered questionnaire on use DS athletes. Results: results indicated that 96.12% sample reported taking DS, with main reason for being performance enhancement. most commonly consumed were creatine monohydrate (66.77%), caffeine (56.59%), whey protein (48.06%), isotonic drinks (37.21%), vitamin D (27.91%), energy bars (27.13%), magnesium (20.93%), C (20.16%). Additionally, significant differences found between sexes regarding (p < 0.05; OR = 3.27 [0.36-2.00]). According Australian Institute Sport classification, group A was consumed, followed by B. Significant sex sports foods 0.034; 3.25 [0.05-2.31]) medical 0.001; 3.75 [0.52-2.12]). Sex also place purchase, source recommendation, as well situation timing 0.05). Conclusions: among prevalent at 96.12%, monohydrate, caffeine, consumed. Differences patterns noted sexes.

Language: Английский

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Sport supplementation in competitive swimmers: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 9, 2025

Competitive swimmers have a high prevalence of sports supplement (SS) consumption. However, only few SS are scientifically proven to be safe, effective, and legal. Therefore, before incorporating supplements enhance performance health in competitive swimming, it is crucial conduct an analysis review assess their effects. The objective this study was analyze the demonstrated effects SS, as reported published studies, on swimming swimmers. Following PRISMA guidelines, systematic search conducted across six databases for selection studies included review. Studies that analyzed supplementation compared placebo were subjected meta-analysis. This revision 23 16 them (69.6%) qualified excellent 7 (30.4%) good at methodological level based punctuation PEDro scale. 422 (61.8% male, 38.2% female), with distances assessed ranging from 50 m 800 m, including employing interval procedures. Creatine showed significant effect (ES = -0.46; 95% CIs -0.75 -0.17, p 0.002; I2 11%) performance, while rest did not show (all > 0.05). ergogenic benefits swimmers, although evidence supporting use still limited. Sodium bicarbonate β-alanine may higher glycolytic demands, caffeine effective dosages 3-6 mg/kg administered 60 min exercise. Further research needed confirm potential other supplements, such beetroot juice.

Language: Английский

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Análisis del rendimiento en jóvenes nadadores tras un entrenamiento de alto volumen de 12 semanas

Sportis Scientific Journal of School Sport Physical Education and Psychomotricity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 1 - 25

Published: April 1, 2025

Las prácticas tradicionales de entrenamiento en natación suelen implicar volúmenes trabajo elevados. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto un programa 12 semanas alto volumen y baja intensidad rendimiento deportivo jóvenes nadadores que participan competiciones oficiales, comparando los resultados obtenidos según las diferentes categorías edad por sexo. Un total 144 menores (68 hombres 76 mujeres) participaron este estudio. Se comenzó con inicial 3.750-7.500 metros semanales la categoría, aumentando 5% mesociclo. La se controló mediante tiempo para estilo libre (65-75%) frecuencia cardiaca máxima resto estilos (60-70%). registraron mejoras significativas tiempos todas a lo largo intervención. Todas mejoraron marcas pre-post (tanto considerando toda muestra, análisis diferenciado sexo), sin embargo, no encontraron diferencias entre categorías. En conclusión, ha demostrado tener efectos positivos niños adolescentes compiten natación, siendo más notables edades tempranas. Aunque ambos sexos al dividirlos categorías, estas fueron pronunciadas mujeres.

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A Single Dose of Beetroot Juice not Enhance Performance during Intervallic Swimming Efforts

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 228 - 235

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Despite the numerous scientific evidence on topic, there is no clear and consistent answer that clarifies true effects of beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation different types physical performance. This study examined whether an acute intake BJ improves swimming performance, physiological variables anaerobic metabolism, or subjective measures during high-intensity interval exercise with incomplete rest in competitive swimmers. Eighteen swimmers (nine females nine males) participated this cross-over randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind counterbalanced study. In two trials, ingested (70 mL, 6.4 mmol/400 mg NO3-) placebo (PLA) 0.04 mmol/3 three hours before a 2×6×100 m maximal effort 40 seconds between repetitions minutes blocks. The 100 times showed differences groups (p > 0.05), but was interaction block×repetition×condition (F5 = 3.10; p 0.046; ηp2 0.54), indicating group decreased time sixth repetition block2 compared to block1 0.01). Lactate concentration conditions main effect block (ηp2 0.60) block×repetition 0.70), higher values increasing block1. scales, perception exertion (RPE) Total Quality Recovery (TQR), condition had greater TQR last each block. conclusion, single dose did not enhance intermittent performance modified (lactate heart rate) (RPE TQR) variables; although possible positive tolerance at end effort.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Supplement Use in a UK High-Performance Swimming Club

Published: July 6, 2023

The aim of this study was to observe the nutritional supplement practices highly trained swimmers on a national talent pathway, since it is often reported that engage in widespread use at elite level. Thus, conducted short interviews based validated intake questionnaire with forty-four from high-performance swimming club, which had three distinct stages: development (aged 11–14 years, n = 20), age-group 13 – 17 13), and level ≥16 11). Ninety-eight percent interviewed using least one supplement, performance (34%) recovery (19%) cited as primary reasons. National used more total supplements (8.1 ± 3.4 supplements) compared (4.8 2.0 supplements, p 0.003, g 1.17) (3.9 1.7 &lt;0.001, 1.69) swimmers, mostly because greater ergogenic aids (2.4 1.4 vs. age-group: 0.5 sup-plements, 1.12; development: 0.1 0.2 1.81). Par-ents/guardians were informants (74%, V 0.50), whereas nutritionists informed ~50% by (p 0.51). Based these results, edu-cation focus basic sport nutrition may be required for parents/guardians Moreover, further research needed support high number efficacy currently equivocal applied setting.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Supplement Use in a UK High-Performance Swimming Club

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3306 - 3306

Published: July 26, 2023

The aim of this study was to observe the nutritional supplement practices highly trained swimmers on a national talent pathway, since it is often reported that engage in widespread use at elite level. Thus, employed validated intake questionnaire with forty-four from high-performance swimming club, which had three distinct stages: development (aged 11-14 years, n = 20), age-group 13-17 13), and level ≥ 16 11). Ninety-eight percent interviewed using least one supplement, performance (34%) recovery (19%) cited as primary reasons. National used more total supplements (8.1 ± 3.4 supplements) compared (4.8 2.0 supplements, p 0.003, g 1.17) (3.9 1.7 < 0.001, 1.69) swimmers, mostly because greater ergogenic aids (2.4 1.4 vs. age-group: 0.5 1.12; development: 0.1 0.2 1.81). Parents/guardians were informants (74%, V 0.50), whereas nutritionists informed ~50% by (p 0.51). Based these results, education focus basic sport nutrition may be required for parents/guardians Moreover, further research needed support high number efficacy currently equivocal applied setting.

Language: Английский

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Effects of beetroot juice intake on repeated performance of competitive swimmers

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Background: Beetroot juice is a sport supplement with high level of evidence on the physical performance enhancement. However, in swimming, there no clear data about effects beetroot performance. Objective: To investigate whether an acute intake (BJ) improves competitive swimmers repeated maximum swimming effort. Method: Thirteen national-level (six females and seven males), participated this randomized, double-blind crossover study. In two different trials, ingested 70-mL placebo shot (.04 mmol NO3-; PLA) or Beet-It (6.4 NO3-beet [BJ]) 3 h before undergoing 6 × 100-m front-crawl maximal effort test 7 min rest between each 100 m. Results: Overall, times showed difference BJ PLA groups (p = .364), although possibly shorter time was observed for last repetition .104; mean [MD] -.99 s, mean-based inference [MBI] 49/51/0). Participants condition lower rate perceived exertion first .242, MD -.85, MBI 70/28/2) second repetitions .165, 1.15, 83/16/1), whereas Total Quality Recovery scale scores were likely higher .110, 83/16/1) third .082, -.77, 70/29/1) compared those group. Blood lactate concentration [La+] levels differences any > .05, unclear), we increase both (BJ: p .014, -1.51 s; PLA: .029, -1.57 s) after fifth repetition. Conclusion: No sprint by when supplementing (or not) BJ. trend toward better recovery efforts tolerance fatigue

Language: Английский

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