The intricate interplay between dietary habits and cognitive function: insights from the gut-brain axis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The intricate relationship between dietary habits and cognitive function is gaining increasing attention, with a focus on the gut-brain axis as modifiable target for intervention. This review synthesizes evidence impact of patterns, particularly Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, low-carbohydrate health. These rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds, neuroprotective nutrients, are suggested to slow decline reduce risk neurodegenerative disorders through mechanisms such reduced inflammation oxidative stress, enhanced neurogenesis. diet has been associated improved performance delay elderly populations. However, challenges intervention implementation, including adherence individual variability, remain. Future research must adopt multidisciplinary approach, incorporating long-term, large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trials assess enduring impacts various patterns function, considering socioeconomic cultural factors. underscores potential interventions prevent mitigate impairment, ultimately aiming improve quality life.

Language: Английский

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Dose-Dependent Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Adipokine Secretion and Metabolic Function

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 571 - 571

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced from microbial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates and protein have been shown to modulate adipocyte adipokine secretion metabolic function, which has implications for mitigating dysfunction in obese adipose tissue; however, the individual effects different SCFAs optimal concentration required is unknown. The purpose this study was dose-dependently determine on function. Methods: We recapitulated inflammatory conditions using mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes a physiological lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ± SCFAs, namely acetate, propionate, butyrate, dose-dependent manner (0.25 mM, 0.5 1 mM) 24 h. Results: affected secretion, wherein at all three reduced leptin, IL-6 IL-1β, but only propionate butyrate MCP-1/CCL2 MIP-1α/CCL3 compared control (p < 0.05). Interestingly, mM acetate increased RANTES/CCL5 versus control, whereas decreased MCP-3/CCL7 At lower concentration, both IL-1β 0.05), there no difference between groups 0.25 SCFA > Intracellular expression ratio phosphorylated–to–total STAT3 by fo NFκB p65 alone Basal (no insulin stimulation) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake did not differ any treatment Conclusions: Individual exert LPS-stimulated

Language: Английский

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Unveiling roles of beneficial gut bacteria and optimal diets for health

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in human health, influencing digestion, immunity, and disease prevention. Beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, Christensenella minuta contribute to metabolic regulation immune support through bioactive metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary patterns rich prebiotics, fermented foods, plant-based compounds, including polyphenols flavonoids, promote diversity stability. However, challenges individual variability, bioavailability, dietary adherence, the dynamic nature of microbiota remain significant. This review synthesizes current insights into bacteria's emphasizing mechanisms by which interventions modulate microbiota. Additionally, it highlights advancements microbiome-targeted therapies transformative potential personalized nutrition, leveraging profiling artificial intelligence (AI) develop tailored strategies for optimizing health mitigating chronic inflammatory disorders. Addressing these requires multidisciplinary approach that integrates scientific innovation, ethical frameworks, practical implementation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Amomum tsao‐ko Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Cognitive Impairment via Regulating Gut Microbiota, SCFAs, and CREB/BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway in T2DM Mice

Neurogastroenterology & Motility, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Background As a medicine‐food fruit, Amomum tsao‐ko has been reported to be beneficial for the management of diabetes. However, its effects and mechanisms in cognitive impairment caused by diabetes remain unclear. This study aimed investigate influences A. on type 2 mellitus (T2DM) mice associated mechanisms. Methods was characterized using UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS. T2DM induced high‐fat diet combined with streptozotocin were treated ethanol extract (EEAT) 8 weeks. The function evaluated Morris water maze (MWM) test, open field test (OFT), novel object recognition (NORT). Hippocampus colon tissues used histopathology, biochemical assays, or protein expression analysis. Additionally, fecal samples subjected 16S rRNA gene sequencing short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) detection. Key Results findings demonstrated that EEAT significantly reversed glucose metabolism disorders deficits mice. It promoted CREB/BDNF/TrkB pathway reduced hippocampal inflammatory responses, thereby improving neuronal damage. inhibited loss colonic tight junction proteins, decreased levels factors colon, also reshaped gut microbiota increased SCFAs. Notably, Spearman's correlation analysis indicated Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group , Ruminococcaceae UCG‐014 Lactobacillus Blautia Lachnoclostridium obviously correlated (positive negative) homeostasis indexes, behavioral tissue factors, Conclusions regulating microbiota, SCFAs, may potential alleviating diabetes, which provides option treat diabetic impairment.

Language: Английский

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Specificities of primary and secondary prevention of lower extremity artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus

International Angiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(3)

Published: July 23, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) and about 20% of symptomatic patients with LEAD have DM. In subjects DM, cause morbidity mortality. DM typically causes complications in the form macro- microangiopathy. these patients, macroangiopathy manifests as atherosclerosis like non-diabetic patients. However, its course accelerated due to accompanying factors hyperlipidemia hypertension, cumulative effects. Other are also relevant such inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, blood rheological properties, hypercoagulability, stimulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Additionally, restenosis amputation. strongly associated femoral-popliteal tibial LEAD, which earlier may progress more rapidly critical limb ischemia. Diabetic microangiopathy characterized by arteriolosclerosis interstitial fibrosis additionally affects progression outcomes angiopathy limbs. Glycemic control particularly decreases microangiopathic complications, while prevention macrovascular requires treatment hypertension dyslipidemia.

Language: Английский

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The role of dietary inflammatory index in metabolic diseases: the associations, mechanisms, and treatments

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Weizmannia coagulans BC99 affects valeric acid production via regulating gut microbiota to ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress responses in Helicobacter pylori mice

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Abstract Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent pathogen in human gastric mucosa epithelial cells with strong colonization ability. Weizmannia coagulans kind of active microorganism that beneficial to the improvement host gut microbiota balance and can prevent treat intestinal diseases. We investigated effects W. BC99 H. infected mice measured inflammation response, oxidative stress, microbiota. Results showed could alleviate inflammation, inhibit increasing parameters endotoxin, interleukin‐10, transforming growth factor‐β, interferon‐γ stress myeloperoxidase malondialdehyde, promote levels superoxide dismutase catalase. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed reversed change by reducing abundance Olsenella , Candidatus _ Saccharimonas Monoglobus Tyzzerella . Meanwhile, caused elevated Ligilactobacillus Lactobacillus In view effect on content short‐chain fatty acid, valeric acid sodium valerate interfered infection found had good restorative relating responses. These results suggest be used as potential probiotic regulating

Language: Английский

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Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index Influence the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Genetically At-Risk Children: A Mediation Analysis Using the TEDDY Cohort

Pediatric Diabetes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 11

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Background/Objective. Growth and obesity have been associated with increased risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) progression to type 1 diabetes. We aimed estimate the effect energy-yielding macronutrient intake on development IA through BMI. Research Design Methods. Genetically at-risk children (n = 5,084) in Finland, Germany, Sweden, USA, who were autoantibody negative at 2 years age, followed age 8 years, anthropometric measurements 3-day food records collected biannually. Of these, 495 (9.7%) developed IA. Mediation analysis for time-varying covariates (BMI z-score) exposure (energy intake) was conducted. Cox proportional hazard method used sensitivity analysis. Results. found an indirect total energy (estimates: 0.13 [0.05, 0.21]) from protein 0.06 [0.02, 0.11]), fat 0.03 [0.01, 0.05]), carbohydrates 0.02 [0.00, 0.04]) (kcal/day) A direct protein, expressed both as kcal/day 1.09 [0.35, 1.56]) percentage 72.8 [3.0, 98.0]) GAD autoantibodies (GADA). In analysis, GADA, ratio 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.53), $p=0.042$ . Conclusions. This study confirms that higher is BMI, which leads diet larger proportion has a GADA.

Language: Английский

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Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with body mass index, waist circumference and prevalence of obesity in US adults

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and nutritional status in relation to mortality risk from cardio-cerebrovascular events: evidence from NHANES

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Objective Inflammation and nutritional status are closely associated with the mortality risk of survivors cardio-cerebrovascular events. This study aims to evaluate relationship between inflammation indices among, identifying most predictive indices. Methods included cohort data major adverse cardiovascular cerebrovascular events (MACCE) from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999–2010. MACCE is defined as a composite myocardial infarction, heart failure stroke, at least one three occurs. The main outcomes were all-cause mortality. Kaplan–Meier analysis receiver operating characteristic curves used compare correlation seven inflammatory (such Advanced Lung Cancer Index, ALI) among survivors. A multivariable-adjusted Cox regression restricted cubic splines identified index, optimal number nodes determined by Akaike information criterion. Subgroup sensitivity analyses conducted assess model stability. Results total 2,045 included. higher levels ALI serum albumin significantly lower risks these individuals. Increases C-reactive protein Lymphocyte Ratio, Neutrophil Serum Albumin Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), similarly correlated risk. outperformed other indices, displaying distinct L-shaped nonlinear both survivors, an inflection point 90 indicating lowest To left this inflection, each unit increase was 1.3% decrease patients. right, might 0.2%, although change not statistically significant. showed that association remained stable survivor populations. Conclusion Routine dynamic monitoring helpful for clinicians Anti-inflammatory therapies appropriate support crucial reducing

Language: Английский

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