Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(6), P. 1359 - 1359
Published: March 10, 2023
The
beneficial
effects
of
L-carnitine
on
non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
were
revealed
in
previous
reports.
However,
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
established
a
high
fat
diet
(HFD)-induced
NAFLD
mice
model
and
systematically
explored
dietary
supplementation
(0.2%
to
4%)
NAFLD.
A
lipidomics
approach
was
conducted
identify
specific
lipid
species
involved
ameliorative
roles
Compared
with
normal
control
group,
body
weight,
concentrations
TG
serum
AST
ALT
levels
dramatically
increased
by
HFD
feeding
(p
<
0.05),
accompanied
obvious
damage
activation
hepatic
TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3
inflammatory
pathway.
treatment
significantly
improved
these
phenomena
exhibited
clear
dose-response
relationship.
results
analysis
showed
that
total
12
classes
145
identified
livers.
Serious
disorders
profiles
noticed
livers
HFD-fed
mice,
such
as
an
relative
abundance
decreased
PC,
PE,
PI,
LPC,
LPE,
Cer
SM
0.05).
contents
PC
PI
DG
after
4%
intervention
Moreover,
47
important
differential
notably
separated
experimental
groups
based
VIP
≥
1
p
0.05.
pathway
inhibited
glycerolipid
metabolism
activated
pathways
alpha-linolenic
acid
metabolism,
glycerophospholipid
sphingolipid
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol
(GPI)-anchor
biosynthesis.
This
study
provides
novel
insights
into
attenuating
ABSTRACT
Aims
The
TiaoGanXiaoZhi
formula
(TGXZ),
a
traditional
Chinese
medicine,
has
been
shown
to
alleviate
the
progression
of
metabolic‐associated
fatty
liver
disease
(MAFLD)
clinically.
However,
its
underlying
mechanism
remains
unclear.
This
study
aimed
investigate
effects
and
mechanisms
TGXZ
in
treating
MAFLD
mouse
models.
Methods
model
was
established
using
high‐fat
diet
5%
fructose
water
over
16
weeks.
At
Week
8,
mice
exhibited
significant
steatosis,
inflammation,
insulin
resistance.
A
total
42
were
divided
into
normal
feed
(NFD)
group
(
n
=
18)
(HFD)
24).
Six
from
each
killed
at
8
for
serological
histopathological
assessments.
remaining
allocated
NFD
6),
HFD
+
Placebo
6)
groups.
(or
placebo)
administered
clinical
equivalent
dose
7.699
g/(kg·d)
respective
groups,
while
groups
received
distilled
water.
Daily
gavage
started
9.
16,
after
fasting,
body
weight
condition
recorded,
euthanized
with
pentobarbital
sodium.
Liver
tissue
collected
further
analysis,
feces
stored
−80°C.
Data
graphed
GraphPad
Prism
8.0.0
analyzed
SPSS
Statistics
25.0.
Results
are
expressed
as
mean
±
standard
deviation.
Statistical
comparisons
made
Student's
t
‐test
two
one‐way
ANOVA
more
than
significance
set
p
<
0.05.
Compared
group,
treatment
significantly
downregulated
white
adipose
(1.61
0.66
vs.
3.06
0.34
g,
0.0010),
(1.22
0.16
1.98
0.39
0.0031),
levels
alanine
aminotransferase
(20.6
3.4
46.1
12.3
U/L,
aspartate
(99.9
19.1
168.4
34.3
0.0014),
cholesterol
(2.95
0.56
4.38
mmol/L,
0.0053),
triglycerides
(2.25
0.41
4.18
0.67
low‐density
lipoprotein
(0.66
0.11
1.41
0.52
0.0073),
bile
acid
(0.71
2.18
0.61
0.0017),
except
high‐density
(2.41
0.81
2.55
0.31
0.5655).
transcriptome,
fecal
microbiota
sequencing,
lipidomics
analysis
demonstrated
that
improved
expression
genes
related
lipid
metabolism,
alleviated
intestinal
disorders,
mitigated
disturbances
caused
by
MAFLD.
Conclusions
Our
effectively
inhibitory
on
may
be
attributed
regulation
gut
microbiota,
hepatic
inflammation.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(3), P. 312 - 312
Published: March 19, 2025
Probiotic
fermentation
can
promote
the
release
of
more
effective
components
from
traditional
Chinese
medicines
(TCMs).
Astragalus
membranaceus
(Fisch.)
Bunge
(A.
membranaceus)
and
Raphani
Semen
are
TCMs
that
have
gained
attention
for
their
immunoenhancing
activities.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
effects
underlying
mechanisms
probiotic-fermented
A.
(PROAS)
in
cyclophosphamide
(CTX)-induced
immunocompromised
mice.
Changes
composition
after
by
probiotic
strains,
including
Bifidobacterium
longum
SD5219,
Lactobacillus
fermentum
NCIMB5221,
paracasei
were
identified
using
high-performance
liquid
chromatography.
The
immunostimulatory
PROAS
evaluated
immunosuppressed
mice
3
7
days
CTX
treatment.
resulted
changes
major
bioactive
components.
supplementation
effectively
restored
intestinal
integrity
CTX-treated
upregulating
mRNA
expression
tight
junction
proteins.
significantly
ameliorated
reduction
spleen
index
number
B
lymphocytes
caused
treatment
regulated
secretion
cytokines
serum
colon
tissues.
administration
modulated
gut
microbial
dysbiosis
short-chain
fatty
acid
(SCFA)
content
These
results
suggest
enhances
lymphocyte
function
increasing
regulation
microbiota
produce
high
levels
SCFA,
repairs
barrier
damage
induced
CTX,
promotes
mucosal
immunity.
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(12), P. 1909 - 1923
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
is
a
clinicopathological
entity
that
typically
characterized
by
intrahepatic
ectopic
steatosis.
Nowadays,
NAFLD
has
surpassed
viral
hepatitis
and
become
the
most
common
chronic
worldwide,
which
poses
great
threat
to
human
health.
Silibinin
(Sil),
well-known
natural
product,
been
widely
used
in
clinical
treatment
for
disorders
exhibited
therapeutic
potential
NAFLD.
However,
suitability
of
Sil
still
requires
further
investigation
due
its
limited
absorption
low
bioavailability.
This
study
aimed
construct
Sil-loaded
liposome
(Sil-Lip)
overcome
limitations
Sil,
thereby
enhancing
beneficial
effects
on
then
investigate
underlying
mechanisms
action
Sil-Lip.
Herein,
Sil-Lip
was
fabricated
well-established
thin-film
dispersion
method
carefully
characterized,
followed
evaluating
their
efficacy
using
high-fat
diet-induced
mice
free
acid
-stimulated
HepG2
cells.
Then,
transcriptome
analysis
16S
ribosomal
RNA
(16S
rRNA)
sequencing
were
utilized
elucidate
Our
data
indicated
harbored
good
gastrointestinal
tract
stability,
mucus
layer
permeation,
excellent
oral
In
vivo
vitro
models
demonstrated
had
better
alleviating
lipid
metabolism
disorders,
insulin
resistance,
inflammation
than
did
alone.
Further
investigations
revealed
mediated
modulating
resistance-related
nuclear
factor-kappa
B
(NF-κB)
signaling
pathways
extrahepatic
gut
microbiota.
confirmed
can
effectively
improve
bioavailability
resultantly
potentiating
ameliorative
through
NF-κB
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(6), P. 1359 - 1359
Published: March 10, 2023
The
beneficial
effects
of
L-carnitine
on
non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
were
revealed
in
previous
reports.
However,
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
established
a
high
fat
diet
(HFD)-induced
NAFLD
mice
model
and
systematically
explored
dietary
supplementation
(0.2%
to
4%)
NAFLD.
A
lipidomics
approach
was
conducted
identify
specific
lipid
species
involved
ameliorative
roles
Compared
with
normal
control
group,
body
weight,
concentrations
TG
serum
AST
ALT
levels
dramatically
increased
by
HFD
feeding
(p
<
0.05),
accompanied
obvious
damage
activation
hepatic
TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3
inflammatory
pathway.
treatment
significantly
improved
these
phenomena
exhibited
clear
dose-response
relationship.
results
analysis
showed
that
total
12
classes
145
identified
livers.
Serious
disorders
profiles
noticed
livers
HFD-fed
mice,
such
as
an
relative
abundance
decreased
PC,
PE,
PI,
LPC,
LPE,
Cer
SM
0.05).
contents
PC
PI
DG
after
4%
intervention
Moreover,
47
important
differential
notably
separated
experimental
groups
based
VIP
≥
1
p
0.05.
pathway
inhibited
glycerolipid
metabolism
activated
pathways
alpha-linolenic
acid
metabolism,
glycerophospholipid
sphingolipid
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol
(GPI)-anchor
biosynthesis.
This
study
provides
novel
insights
into
attenuating
