Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline: Critical Age-Related Conditions

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2096 - 2096

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating the mass reduction seen in sarcopenia neuronal function characteristic neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding intricate relationships within this hinders accurate diagnosis effective treatment strategies. This review analyzes interrelated mechanisms contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, impaired nutrient delivery. aim is understand common pathways involved suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. dysfunctions hinder circulation transportation nutrients, resulting characterized by atrophy weakness. dysfunction have negative physical quality life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological affect motor functions. Preventive approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing integrated therapies improving muscular well-being. Better links can refine strategies yield better patient outcomes. study emphasizes complex interplay between dysfunction, degeneration, decline, highlighting necessity for multidisciplinary Advances domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more options, enhanced preventive measures, all contributing higher life elderly population.

Language: Английский

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Blood-derived factors to brain communication in brain diseases

Science Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(22), P. 3618 - 3632

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Brain diseases, mainly including acute brain injuries, neurodegenerative and mental disorders, have posed a significant threat to human health worldwide. Due the limited regenerative capability existence of blood-brain barrier, was previously thought be separated from rest body. Currently, various cross-talks between central nervous system peripheral organs been widely described, brain-gut axis, brain-liver brain-skeletal muscle brain-bone axis. Moreover, several lines evidence indicate that leveraging systemic biology intervention approaches, but not lifestyle interventions, exercise, diet, blood administration, immune responses, demonstrated influence on progress prognosis diseases. The advancement innovative proteomic transcriptomic technologies has enriched our understanding nuanced interplay An array novel or underappreciated blood-derived factors identified play pivotal roles in mediating these communications. In this review, we provide comprehensive summary blood-to-brain communication following Special attention is given instrumental role signals, positing them as contributors complex process insights presented here aim bridge current knowledge gaps inspire therapeutic strategies for

Language: Английский

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Redefining Roles: A Paradigm Shift in Tryptophan–Kynurenine Metabolism for Innovative Clinical Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12767 - 12767

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

The tryptophan-kynurenine (KYN) pathway has long been recognized for its essential role in generating metabolites that influence various physiological processes. Traditionally, these have categorized into distinct, often opposing groups, such as pro-oxidant versus antioxidant, excitotoxic/neurotoxic neuroprotective. This dichotomous framework shaped much of the research on conditions like neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, well cancer, where metabolic imbalances are a key feature. effects significantly influenced by factors, including concentration particular cellular milieu which they generated. A molecule acts neuroprotective at low concentrations may exhibit neurotoxic elevated levels. oxidative equilibrium surrounding environment can alter function KYN from an antioxidant to pro-oxidant. narrative review offers comprehensive examination analysis contemporary understanding metabolites, emphasizing their multifaceted biological functions relevance numerous pathological underscores pressing necessity paradigm shift comprehension metabolism. Understanding context-dependent roles is vital novel therapies Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, cancer. Comprehensive modulation, balancing inflammatory signals enzyme regulation, promising avenues targeted, effective treatments.

Language: Английский

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Association of body composition with neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive function; a population-based study of 70-year-olds

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 105555 - 105555

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Potential common targets of music therapy intervention in neuropsychiatric disorders: the prefrontal cortex-hippocampus -amygdala circuit (a review)

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

As life becomes more stressful, neurological disorders, psychiatric and comorbidities of the two are becoming a concern. Multiple neuropsychiatric disorders share same mental somatic dysfunction may involve common brain circuits mechanistic targets. Music therapy, as an art form with proven efficacy, low cost few side effects, is promoted for use in interventions disorders. This be closely related to release signaling molecules such monoamine neurotransmitters, glutamatergic system, gut-microbiota-brain axis, pro-inflammatory cytokines endogenous opioid peptide system. However, fewer studies have mentioned main targets music promote functional changes regions. Therefore, this paper review mechanisms by which therapy interacts prefrontal cortex-hippocampus-amygdala circuit through aforementioned molecules. It also hypothesized that glial cells, mitochondria microRNAs microscopic musical intervention The aim give new ideas future research into biological

Language: Английский

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“Mind-Muscle Connections”: Differential Associations Between Handgrip and Upper Body Strength With Cognitive Function in Young and Middle-Aged Adults

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The relationship between muscle strength and cognition is widely studied in older adults; however, understanding this association at younger ages may help detect markers of early cognitive changes inform future interventions. Accordingly, we aimed to identify relationships handgrip, whole-body, upper body, lower body functions. A total 112 adults (aged 18–50 years) completed comprehensive measures strength, aerobic capacity, composition, function. Hierarchical linear regressions revealed that individuals with stronger handgrip had better mental rotation performance (standardized β = 0.39); those greater superior recognition 0.52) pattern separation abilities 0.39), but whole- were not associated. Results demonstrate the unique aspects function, addition differential associations encoding, retrieval, spatial skills. current findings establish an function earlier than previously thought.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Frailty: A Comprehensive Clinical Paradigm Beyond Cognitive Decline

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102738 - 102738

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ST-G30 Prevents Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Myotubes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1141 - 1141

Published: March 26, 2025

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging. Recently, its links the gut-muscle axis have been reported, suggesting that probiotics could influence health. Methods: In present study, we investigated protective roles two lactic acid bacteria strains, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ST-G30 (ST-G30) Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LPc-G110 (LPc-G110), on skeletal atrophy induced dexamethasone (DEX) in C2C12 myotubes. Results: Our results demonstrated significantly alleviated DEX-induced myotube increasing myotubes' diameter (25.95 ± 1.28 vs. 15.30 0.30 μm, p < 0.01), improving fusion index (48.35 1.75 22.16 2.36%, 0.0001), protein content (1.78 0.02 1.56 0.01 mg/mL, 0.05) length (0.61 0.05 0.33 0.01, 0.05), whereas showed no significant effect these phenotypes (p > 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis reveals modulates critical signaling pathways biological processes related to current KEGG enrichment WGCNA enabled identification PI3K-Akt pathway as a key regulator processes, highlighting essential role mitigating atrophy. Furthermore, overlapping DEGs strong correlations atrophy-related indices. Conclusions: These findings underscore potential promising anti-muscle supplement provide valuable insights for developing strategies prevent treat glucocorticoid-induced

Language: Английский

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Interaction and overall effects of underweight, low muscle mass, malnutrition, and inflammation on early-onset mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 27, 2025

Introduction This study systematically explores the overall impact and interactions of body composition nutritional inflammatory indices on early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EOMCI) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A cross-sectional included 816 T2DM patients. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), a shape (ABSI), roundness (BRI), visceral fat area (VFA), percentage (BF%), skeletal muscle (SMMI). Nutritional geriatric risk (GNRI), prognostic (PNI), C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR). K-means clustering quantile g-computation (QGC) assessed combined impact, with evaluated by simple slope analysis. Results revealed two distinct patterns: Low-pattern High-pattern. The group exhibited significantly lower (BMI 24.6 vs. 27.7 kg/m ; WC 88 99 cm; ABSI 0.081 0.084; BRI 3.89 5.02; VFA 91 112; BF% 29% 31%; SMMI 9.38 10.48 all P &lt; 0.001) poorer status higher inflammation (GNRI 97.9 104.6; PNI 47.9 53.1; CALLY 4 5; FAR 0.082 0.072; 0.05). had prevalence EOMCI (32% 23%, = 0.006). After adjusting for confounders, 1.45-fold increased (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.01–2.08). QGC analysis demonstrated that effect was negatively associated risk. one-quintile increase linked to significant 31.3% reduction (95% −44.4%, −15.0%). Interaction abdominal obesity (ABSI &gt; 0.08), malnutrition (low GNRI), ( interaction 0.018). Similarly, low (SMMI 11.33 ), when high index), further exacerbated 0.028). Discussion findings suggest patients, effects underweight, reduced mass, obesity, malnutrition, elevated are an EOMCI. Integrated management these factors is essential mitigate

Language: Английский

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Effects of the colostrum-containing multi-nutrient dietary supplement on immune, muscle, bone, and cognitive function parameters in the elderly: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Journal of Functional Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 128, P. 106816 - 106816

Published: April 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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