Mediterranean diet in the targeted prevention and personalized treatment of chronic diseases: evidence, potential mechanisms, and prospects

The EPMA Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 207 - 220

Published: April 16, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Bone health: biology and nutrition

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 24 - 30

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Purpose of review Recent findings in the influence dietary patterns, dairy products, beverages and microbiota composition function on bone health are reviewed discussed. Evidence is accumulating increased risk fracture individuals following a vegan diet. Meta-analysis randomized controlled trials indicates favourable, though low amplitude, effect products mass accrual during childhood adolescence. Though mostly based results from observational studies, it seems that product consumption, particularly fermented associated with lower hip fracture. Regular green tea drinkers may have than abstainers. Magnesium intake beneficial for health. Prune supplements prevents loss untreated postmenopausal women. This to be modification gut microbiota. Summary information should help medical practitioners facing questions their patients how protect through nutrition.

Language: Английский

---

Novel Biomarkers of Bone Metabolism

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 605 - 605

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Bone represents a metabolically active tissue subject to continuous remodeling orchestrated by the dynamic interplay between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. These cellular processes are modulated complex of biochemical mechanical factors, which instrumental in assessing bone remodeling. This comprehensive evaluation aids detecting disorders arising from imbalances formation reabsorption. Osteoporosis, characterized reduction mass strength leading heightened fragility susceptibility fractures, is one more prevalent chronic diseases. Some epidemiological studies, especially patients with kidney disease (CKD), have identified an association osteoporosis vascular calcification. Notably, low mineral density has been linked increased incidence aortic calcification, shared molecules, mechanisms, pathways two processes. Certain molecules emerging these can serve as biomarkers for metabolism. Detecting evaluating alterations early crucial, requiring identification that reliable intervention. While traditional calcification exist, they suffer limitations such specificity, sensitivity, conflicting results across studies. In response, efforts underway explore new, specific detect at earlier stages. The aim this review comprehensively examine some metabolism their correlation density, fracture risk, well potential use clinical practice.

Language: Английский

---

Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia: a single nutrient, a whole food, and a whole diet approach

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass (sarcopenia) is common in older adults associated with an increased risk disability, frailty premature death. Finding cost-effective prevention treatment strategies for sarcopenia the growing ageing population therefore great public health interest. Although nutrition considered important factor aetiology sarcopenia, its potential and/or still being evaluated. Nutrition research utilises three main approaches to understand muscle-nutrition relationships, evaluating: single nutrients, whole foods diet effects - both alone or combined exercise. Applying these approaches, we summarise recent evidence from qualitative quantitative syntheses findings observational intervention studies healthy adults, those sarcopenia. We consider protein supplements, (fruits vegetables) Mediterranean as exemplars. There some beneficial supplementation ≥ 0·8 g/kg body weight/d on when exercise training sarcopenic adults. In contrast, function (strength physical performance) inconclusive. reasonably consistent epidemiological suggesting benefits higher fruits vegetables consumption better performance. Similarly, adherence studies. However, are lacking. This review discusses how current may inform development preventive optimal nutritional policy aimed at combatting

Language: Английский

---

Nutrition and Osteoporosis Prevention

Current Osteoporosis Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Associations of comprehensive dietary antioxidant index with postmenopausal femur bone mineral density and osteoporosis: data from the national health and nutrition examination survey

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Objectives The study aimed to explore associations of the comprehensive dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with femur bone mineral density (BMD) and risk osteoporosis in American postmenopausal women. Methods A total 2,862 participants from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey were included this study. relationship between CDAI BMD was assessed via weighted multivariate linear regression model. odds ratios (ORs) 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for association by logistic Moreover, nonlinear also characterized smooth curve fitting generalized additive two-piecewise models a recursive algorithm used find inflection points. Results After adjusting all covariates, multivariable demonstrated that positively correlated BMD. there relationships osteoporosis. In age below 70 years, decreased 60.6 92.2% each unit increase value before after point (−2.268), respectively. years or older, 80.4% (−1.479). model compared first tertile CDAI, highest significantly associated lower osteoporosis, ORs 0.375 CI 0.284, 0.495) individuals under 70, 0.626 0.481, 0.814) aged above. Conclusion present indicated women higher scores have addition, is non-linear This finding suggests adoption structure represented high may positive impact on prevention management Particularly those scores, early screening intervention be necessary.

Language: Английский

---

Association between dietary patterns and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults in five provinces of China: a cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Background Sarcopenia is prevalent in older adults and not only severely affects their health, but also brings a greater economic burden on the patient’s family as well society. High-quality diet one of influencing factors sarcopenia, particularly important for muscle mass function. This study aims to examine dietary patterns community-dwelling typical region China explore relationship between these sarcopenia. Methods We used data Nutrition Health Follow-up Study Chinese Population 2021. Food frequency questionnaires were obtain food items intake during last year. Appendicular skeletal (ASM), strength physical performance assessed according Asian Working Group (AWGS2019) criteria. Exploratory factor analysis was identify patterns. Logistic regression models association Results A total 1,967 participants over age 65 included study, prevalence sarcopenia 17.0%. According loadings all 18 groups, three identified. These include diversified pattern, which mainly characterized by soybeans, fungi algae, animal meat, fruits, legumes; traditional defined consumption rice, pork, poultry, vegetables, aquatic products; wheat-based wheat, tubers, other cereals. The pattern (OR = 0.54, p < 0.05) 0.51, linked lower risk developing whereas 3.54, associated with higher All exhibited significantly correlated mass, grip strength, ( 0.05). Conclusion Dietary are China. Adopting healthy sensible balanced avoiding single preference may reduce adults.

Language: Английский

---

Nutrition and Physical Activity in Musculoskeletal Health

Endocrines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 10 - 10

Published: March 4, 2025

A balanced diet and regular physical activity are essential for maintaining musculoskeletal health. Key nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, protein especially important preventing falls fractures. While the benefits of these well-established, other dietary components have not been studied extensively. For instance, vegetables, which rich in vital muscle bone health, play a crucial role Over recent decades, great emphasis has given to combinations foods patterns that may synergistic or antagonistic effects. Despite challenges researching impact nutrition on health due extensive heterogeneity results, healthcare professionals should continue promote healthy eating activity, principles be emphasized public initiatives. Ultimately, sufficient diet, abundant plant-based low processed discretionary foods, along with consistent remains most effective strategy prevention issues. This article aims review updated literature years links between skeletal

Language: Английский

---

Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity, and Bone Health in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. e253710 - e253710

Published: April 8, 2025

Importance Understanding the effects of diet and physical activity on bone health may help to mitigate concomitant weight loss– age-related deterioration. Objective To evaluate a weight-loss lifestyle intervention mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), low BMD prevalence. Design, Setting, Participants The 3-year, parallel-group Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea–Plus (PREDIMED-Plus) randomized clinical trial was conducted at recruiting centers in Spain from October 2013 December 2016. Men women (aged 55-75 years) with metabolic syndrome overweight or obesity, as well access dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (from 4 Navarra, Mallorca, Reus, León), were included this prespecified secondary analysis. analysis September 1 30, 2024. Intervention randomly allocated (1:1) control. group followed an energy-reduced Mediterranean increased activity, whereas control advised follow ad libitum no promotion. Main Outcomes Measures (total femur, lumbar spine [L1-L4], femoral trochanter) total BMC measured using DXA baseline 3 years follow-up. T scores variables determined, osteopenia osteoporosis status defined BMD. Linear logistic 2-level mixed models used for main analyses including participants lost Intention-to-treat analysis, completers case sensitivity additionally performed. Results This study 924 older adults (mean [SD] age, 65.1 [5.0] years; 454 [49.1%] 470 men [50.9%]). Significant differences mean changes between groups observed, overall 3-year increase (n = 460) compared 464) (L1-L4) (between-group differences, −0.1 [95% CI, –0.8 0.8] g/cm 2 after year 0.9 0.1-1.8] P .05). protective association observed –1.3 1.1] 1.8 0.6-2.9] .005) but not men. No effect prevalence observed. Conclusions Relevance In PREDIMED-Plus trial, mitigated decline among conventional recommendations. Weight-loss interventions longer follow-up are warranted future confirm these results relation health. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry Identifier: ISRCTN89898870

Language: Английский

---

Cellular Senescence: The Driving Force of Musculoskeletal Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1948 - 1948

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

The aging of the world population is closely associated with an increased prevalence musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteoarthritis, due to common genetic, endocrine, mechanical risk factors. These conditions are characterized by degeneration bone, muscle, cartilage tissue, resulting in fractures reduced mobility. Importantly, a crucial role pathophysiology these diseases has been proposed for cellular senescence, state irreversible cell cycle arrest induced factors DNA damage, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, senescent cells secrete pro-inflammatory molecules, called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can alter tissue homeostasis promote disease progression. Undoubtedly, targeting their profiles could development integrated strategies, including regular exercise balanced diet or use senolytics senomorphs, improve quality life population. Therefore, our review aimed highlight senescence age-related diseases, summarizing main underlying mechanisms potential anti-senescence strategies treatment osteoarthritis.

Language: Английский

---