Polyphenols, Alkaloids, and Terpenoids Against Neurodegeneration: Evaluating the Neuroprotective Effects of Phytocompounds Through a Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 124 - 124

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases comprise a group of chronic, usually age-related, disorders characterized by progressive neuronal loss, deformation structure, or loss function, leading to substantially reduced quality life. They remain significant focus scientific and clinical interest due their increasing medical social importance. Most neurodegenerative present intracellular protein aggregation extracellular deposition (plaques), such as α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease amyloid beta (Aβ)/tau aggregates Alzheimer's. Conventional treatments for conditions incur high costs are related the development several adverse effects. In addition, many patients irresponsive them. For these reasons, there is growing tendency find new therapeutic approaches help patients. This review intends investigate some phytocompounds' effects on diseases. These generally increased oxidative stress inflammation, so phytocompounds can prevent treat To achieve our aim provide critical assessment current literature about phytochemicals targeting neurodegeneration, we reviewed reputable databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, COCHRANE, seeking trials that utilized against conditions. A few investigated humans, after screening, 13 were ultimately included following PRISMA guidelines. compounds include polyphenols (flavonoids luteolin quercetin, phenolic acids rosmarinic acid, ferulic caffeic other like resveratrol), alkaloids (such berberine, huperzine A, caffeine), terpenoids ginkgolides limonene). The gathered evidence underscores caffeine, ginkgolides, primarily anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, counteracting neuroinflammation, oxidation, synaptic dysfunctions, which crucial aspects intervention various conditions, Alzheimer's dementias, depression, neuropsychiatric disorders. summary, they show use improvements cognition, memory, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant behavior, hallucinations, mood

Language: Английский

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Anxiolytic, Antidepressant and Healthy Sleep-Promoting Potential of Rosmarinic Acid: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 21, P. 641 - 661

Published: March 1, 2025

The etiology of psychiatric disorders is complex and results from intricate interactions among multiple neurobiological, psychological, environmental, genetic factors. Furthermore, the roles gut microbiome dyshomeostasis in their pathogeneses are just beginning to be uncovered, adding another level complexity. In recent years, significant efforts have been directed toward discovering multimodal yet safe therapeutics counteract psychological deficits. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a polyphenol found several medicinal herbs, has received considerable attention as potential multifaceted therapeutic agent, particularly for neuropsychiatric conditions. order critically evaluate this aspect, data was compiled consolidated after extensive searches on scholarly databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Web Science. Peer-reviewed publications which focused RA agent were included regardless year publication country origin. Based pre-clinical clinical evidence, review delves into various mechanistic aspects antidepressant, anxiolytic, sleep-promoting functions RA. beneficial effects gut-microbiome-brain (GMB) axis implications regulation neuroprotective pathways also discussed, with particular focus exploiting them ameliorate Our assessment indicated that neuroprotectant against conditions beneficially influences plethora targets related redox, inflammatory, synaptic, cell death, neurotrophic, signaling pathways. As dietary may relevant favorably altering GMB axis, indicating its prospects adjuvant regulating pathogenic mechanisms underlying However, more studies required ascertain neuromodulatory actions neuronal pathophysiologies, including ailments.

Language: Английский

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Western diet-induced cognitive and metabolic dysfunctions in aged mice are prevented by rosmarinic acid in a sex-dependent fashion

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(10), P. 2236 - 2248

Published: Aug. 18, 2024

Unhealthy lifestyles, such as chronic consumption of a Western Diet (WD), have been associated with increased systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), condition that may favour cognitive dysfunctions during aging. Polyphenols, rosmarinic acid (RA) buffer low-grade OS, characterizing the aging brain is sustained by WD, promoting healthspan. The aim this study was to evaluate ability RA prevent decline in mouse model WD-driven unhealthy gain knowledge on specific molecular pathways modulated within brain.

Language: Английский

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The dynamic influence of nutrition on prolonged cognitive healthspan across the life course: A perspective review

Neuroscience Applied, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 104072 - 104072

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cognitive function undergoes a dynamic trajectory across the lifespan, influenced by multifaceted mechanisms encompassing genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. This review explores impact of nutrition, specifically energy bioactive components, on cognitive health different life stages. Nutrition plays pivotal role, influencing development, brain function, age-related changes. Understanding these connections offers insights into strategies for extending healthspan. The synthesizes evidence highlighting nuanced effects nutrition cognition throughout life. Notably, age-specific balance emerges as crucial factor in maintaining Different stages exhibit distinct nutritional demands affecting function. Maternal impacts prenatal childhood while heightened glucose adolescence influence long-term health. Midlife witnesses hormonal changes decreased plasticity, old age addressing chronic lifestyle factors restriction. We conclude that it is to recognize diverse requirements biological lifespan deeper mechanistic investigations are vital tailor recommendations optimal all populations lifespan.

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences Affect the NRF2 Signaling Pathway in the Early Phase of Liver Steatosis: A High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rat Model Supplemented with Liquid Fructose

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 1247 - 1247

Published: July 24, 2024

Sex differences may play a role in the etiopathogenesis and severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation associated with increased inflammation oxidative stress. We previously observed development steatosis specifically female rats fed high-fat diet enriched liquid fructose (HFHFr) for 12 weeks. The aim this study was to better characterize sex focusing on antioxidant cytoprotective pathways related KEAP1/NRF2 axis. signaling pathway, autophagy process (LC3B LAMP2), endoplasmic reticulum stress response (XBP1) were analyzed homogenates male that 12-week HFHFr diet. In females, resulted initial activation which not followed modulation downstream molecular targets; possibly due increase KEAP1 levels preventing nuclear translocation NRF2 despite its cytosolic increase. Interestingly, while both sexes an LC3BII/LC3BI, marker autophagosome formation, only males showed significant upregulation LAMP2 XBP1s; did occur suggesting impaired autophagic flux sex. Overall, our results suggest are greater ability cope stimulus mainly through autophagic-mediated proteostatic is impaired. This might depend at least part upon fine pathway resulting occurrence MASLD. These should be considered design effective therapeutics

Language: Английский

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