Development of Subcritical Water Extraction for Areca Alkaloids and Its Influence on the Structure of Areca Nut Husk

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 886 - 886

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

The optimal process parameters of subcritical water extraction (SWE) for areca alkaloids in nut (AN) husk were described: temperature 110.87 °C, liquid-to-solid ratio 18.98:1 and time 50.01 min. It was found that the factors influencing order significance > ratio. Considering practical conditions, adjusted to 110 19:1 50 measured rate 81.7%, which is close predicted value, indicating optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) feasible. Meanwhile, preliminary results from XRD FT-IR indicated SWE had a significant influence on structure AN husk, possibly damaging some crystalline regions cellulose or reducing concentration various functional groups. Overall, this study provided valuable insights its further exploration industrialization still under development our laboratory.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advance on Biological Activity and Toxicity of Arecoline in Edible Areca (Betel) Nut: A Review

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 3825 - 3825

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Areca nut (Areca catechu L. AN), which is the dried, mature seed of palm species L., consumed by over 600 million individuals, predominantly in South Asia, East Africa, and certain regions tropical Pacific. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified it as a carcinogenic to humans designated Group 1 human carcinogen. Arecoline, attracted attention its therapeutic potential treatment mental illness relief gastrointestinal disorders, main active alkaloid areca nut. However, 2020, IARC said that arecoline might be “probable carcinogen”. Arecoline can cause various types cellular damage, primarily leading destruction cell morphology, reduced survival rates, abnormal physiological functions, even apoptosis. research toxic mechanisms includes several aspects, such increased levels reactive oxygen species, autophagy, epigenetic dysregulation, immune dysfunction, but these findings are scattered lack systematic integration. This article summarizes effect oral cavity, neurological cardiovascular systems, other organs, well embryogenesis, provides detailed valuable insights clinical practice targeted therapy arecoline.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the carcinogenic potential and molecular mechanisms of arecoline in human lungs: from in silico methods to in vitro validation

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 118108 - 118108

Published: March 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Association of SNPs in nAChRs genes, areca nut chewing and smoking, and their interaction with lung cancer in Hainan, China: a case control study

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 7, 2025

Areca nut (AN) was classified as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of WHO in 2003. AN has same carcinogenic components cigarettes, such benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), but its effects interactions with genetic factors related to lung cancer have rarely been investigated. METHODS: Here, propensity score-matched case‒control study conducted Hainan, which included 445 patients cancer-free controls. Then, associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster their interaction chewing smoking were analyzed. In addition, we explored among AN, genes using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). The results indicate that CHRNA3 rs938682 (A > G) GG genotype (OR = 0.669, 95% CI 0.454 ~ 0.984, P 0.042) can decrease risk cancer. CHRNB4 rs7178270 (C 1.729, 1.168 2.571, 0.006) increase CHRNA5 rs17486278 CC associated high males, smokers, drinkers. low chewers. drinkers an effect Hainan. This is first elucidate hidden impacts provides key evidence regarding interactive cigarettes SNPs nAChRs

Language: Английский

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Arecoline Alleviates Depression via Gut–Brain Axis Modulation, Neurotransmitter Balance, Neuroplasticity Enhancement, and Inflammation Reduction in CUMS Mice

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

This study evaluated the antidepressant effects of arecoline, a bioactive alkaloid derived from areca nuts, using mouse model depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress. Arecoline treatment significantly alleviated depression-like behaviors, including anxiety, anhedonia, and despair, as evidenced behavioral tests. Mechanistically, arecoline restored serotonin norepinephrine levels in brain serum, reduced pro-inflammatory markers such IL-1β LPS both serum colon, enhanced hippocampal neuroplasticity through increased BDNF PSD-95 expression. Moreover, modulated gut microbiota composition, particularly enriching beneficial species like Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Ligilactobacillus murinus, regulated metabolites associated with tryptophan metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, oxidative These findings demonstrate that exerts its via multitargeted approach involving gut-brain axis, modulation, enhancement. highlights promising therapeutic candidate for depression, emphasizing potential to address central peripheral mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Effect of areca nut extracts on growth performance, slaughtering performance, and meat quality of broiler chickens

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 28, 2025

Since the comprehensive ban on addition of antibiotics to livestock and poultry feeds in China, search for safe natural antibiotic substitutes has become a hot spot animal breeding industry. Areca catechu L (AN), known as leader among four southern medicinal herbs, possesses functions such insecticidal, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, promoting gastrointestinal motility preventing Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, ANE is rarely used feed additive AA broilers, its specific role remains unclear. This study was conducted investigate effects different levels areca nut extracts (ANE) growth performance, slaughter performance meat quality broiler chickens. 128 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into eight groups 16 birds each, housed three cages with 5-6 per cage, or without supplementation (0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 mg/kg, respectively). The entire experiment duration 49 days. Adding 100 200 mg/kg diet could significantly increase body weight at 21 days age (P ≤ 0.001), reduce feed-to-weight ratio from 1 0.001). supplemented average = Compared control group, dosages improve pH45min, yellowness, shear force 0.043) pectoral leg muscles broilers. Additionally, contents crude fat protein, which are nutritional components ANE-supplemented groups, an extent higher than those group 0.036). raised expression muscle development-related genes, including Myf5, Myf6, MyoD1, IGF-1, IGF-2 0.032). In conclusion, An appropriate amount been demonstrated boost facilitate development, no remarkable influence performance. ideal dosage 100-200 ANE. findings this offer valuable insights potential benefits production, provide basis further research development new additive.

Language: Английский

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Combined effect of areca nut, cigarettes, alcohol and SNPs in glycosyltransferase family genes on lung cancer development in Hainan, China

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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The effect and mechanism of areca nut in ovarian cancer were investigated based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 771, P. 151943 - 151943

Published: May 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Safety evaluation of Areca catechu L. extract powder in rats: acute and 180-day chronic toxicity test

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119946 - 119946

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Arecoline Triggers Psychostimulant Responses by Modulating the Intestinal Microbiota to Influence Neurotransmitter Levels and Digestive Enzyme Activity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 794 - 794

Published: May 25, 2025

Background: Areca catechu L. is an evergreen tree belonging to the Arecaceae family. As important traditional Chinese medicine, it has wide applications in field of herbal medicine. Arecoline main active component responsible for its medicinal effects and plays a key role central nervous system (CNS) stimulant properties. Methods: This study investigated excitatory arecoline by analyzing behavioral changes mice, neurotransmitter levels, intestinal microbiota composition, enzymatic activities. We further explored bidirectional interactions between microbial ecosystem following exposure. Results: administration significantly increased activity time ratio mice (p < 0.05). It also elevated fecal lactase amylase activities 0.05), suggesting enhanced carbohydrate metabolism that may be one reasons mice. Serum analysis showed decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, p dopamine (DA) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels 0.001), no significant change γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). These findings suggest play modulating balance. At genus level, Escherichia was enriched positively correlated with DA, BDNF, GABA, while Clostridium abundance 5-HT. Conclusions: altered multiple composition mouse intestine, eliciting psychostimulant maintaining homeostasis. provides experimental foundation pharmacological exploitation arecoline.

Language: Английский

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