Editorial: Metabolic disorders as risk factors for osteoarthritis and targeted therapies for this pathology

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

represents the most common cause of disability in older people [3]. It results from a combination risk factors, mechanical overload, and altered joint mechanics [4]. Common factors POA include aging, weight excess, muscle weakness, sedentary lifestyle, recurring or persisting injuries [5].POA is characterized by marked rearrangement articular cartilage, resulting focal erosion extending cartilage surface to subchondral bone, chondrocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, overgrowth outside with formation osteophytes, ossification bone. These alterations are mirrored detrimental macroscopic changes, such as ligament degeneration, secondary synovitis, overall rearrangement, prompting relevant deformities [6]. Given that tissue has scarce regenerative property [7], damage an irreversible derangement ranging minimal stable disease severe progressively deforming OA [8].Epidemiological evidence indicates frequent, its clinical presentation anticipated patients obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome [9]. Besides one but not only associated POA, recent investigation highlighted other influential mechanisms diseases, including hyperglycemia related pathways, insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation adipose tissue, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism [10,11]. Therefore, treatments aiming control glucose levels, improve sensitivity, reduce body weight, ameliorate composition, systemic [12,13,14] may have therapeutic rationale preliminary studies suggest [15,16].The present research topic focused on role disorders pathogenesis knowledge pathophysiology, diagnostic biomarkers, novel OA.A comprehensive mechanistic review Adam et al. described putative illustrating relationship between dysmetabolism activity chondrocytes. First, accumulation chondrocytes affects interfering mitochondrial oxidation energetic substrates that, turn, metabolically processed via anaerobic glycolysis consequent energy loss increased production radical oxygen species. Second, both conditions foster impairment cellular function, necrosis apoptosis activating synovial inflammation. Mitochondrial dysfunction, observed experimental hyperglycemia, also diminished synthesis type 2 collagen coupled enhanced proteolysis proteoglycans neutrophil-derived metalloprotease [17].The pilot cross-sectional study assessing levels found established diagnosis diabetes, compared euglycemic individuals, had more signs synovitis expressed erythrocyte extravasation higher number mast cells macrophages. At same time, author less microvascular representation tissues those without positive magnitude severity knee pain [18].Overall, these indicate impaired control, dysmetabolic dysfunction pathophysiological maintaining exacerbating POA. Strategies expected outcomes.The Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrate causal serum ferritin European population, indicating specific genetic background iron predisposing factor [19]. The this fallout fields policy prevention primary care, simple laboratory exam can identify at-risk sketch them out for proper pharmacological non-pharmacological management.A National Health Nutrition Examination Survey roundness index, sensitive anthropometric value than mass index estimating amount visceral [26], positively correlated [20]. substantially line current suggesting particularly (well index) Tian X. colleagues provide update efficacy safety mesenchymal stem cells, placebo (saline), hyaluronic acid, glucocorticoids, platelet-rich plasma, non-surgical approaches, treatment [21]. systematic meta-analysis provided intraarticular administration administered at variable doses (single vs. double injections, 1 100 million per injection), improved several domains pain, inflammation, function. promising so far obtained, needed elucidate better efficacy, effectiveness, therapy There real need precise protocols time dose (dose-finding), well designs analyze long-term outcomes POA.Halabitska suggested potential link pancreatitis complication, based findings observational [22]. Their revealed exacerbates progression evidenced assessments using Western Ontario McMaster Universities (osteo)Arthritis (WOMAC) C-reactive protein. Moreover, nutritional status negatively. However, due relatively small sample size study, require validation through larger-scale research.To conclude, elucidates existence groups high developing involved relationship, some tools characterize adequate management. highlights basic research, especially considering interventions modern agents improving reducing weight.

Language: Английский

Impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on survival in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: a real-world data retrospective cohort study

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

The role of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) drugs in the management diabetes and cardiovascular disease is well-established, but emerging evidence suggests potential effects on cancer outcomes, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We conducted an extensive, sex-oriented, real-world data analysis to investigate whether SGLT2i can enhance GI outcomes when used alongside standard therapies such as chemotherapy radiotherapy. study applied a retrospective cohort design with from TriNetX research database ( https://trinetx.com ), examining patients treated and/or radiotherapy between 2013 2023. intervention consisted Gl who received SGLT2i, while control did not. A 5-year follow-up period was used, baseline characteristics were balanced using 1:1 propensity score matching technique. Cox proportional-hazards logistic regression models assessed mortality morbidity risks cohorts. included 6,389 male 3,457 female (ICD-10: C15-C25). use significantly associated improved survival for both (HR 0.568; 95% CI 0.534–0.605) 0.561; 0.513–0.614) undergoing also correlated lower hospitalisation rates (OR 0.684; 0.637–0.734) (OR, 0.590; 0.536–0.650) patients. subtypes demonstrated similar benefits, without significant adverse effects. Repurposing SGLT2 inhibitors treatment could potentially improve causing side Further clinical trials are needed confirm these findings establish optimal condition its application treatment.

Language: Английский

A Single Lesson on Dietary Education Improves Dietary Knowledge in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-Life Monocentric Italian Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1139 - 1139

Published: March 26, 2025

Background. It is unclear if dietary education may increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). Study aim. We estimated effect of counseling on nutritional knowledge and MD in T2D adult patients. Methods. patients who attended Diabetology Center Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda were recruited (April September 2019) categorized into two groups: intervention group (IG), receiving a 2.5-h education, control (CG). The Moynihan questionnaire Diet Adherence Assessment Questionnaire (MDAAQ) administered estimate overall at baseline (T0), 1 week (T1), month (T2) later. Results. Seventy-two individuals (69.5 ± 8.6 years old) included IG, 52 (67.7 9.2 CG. All had sufficient intermediate baseline. Those assigned IG showed significant reduction score from T0 (24.9 2.6) T1 (20.3 1.8; p < 0.001) T2 (20.4 2.2; 0.001). CG same as (24.8 1.8), but their was unchanged 1.8). similar each time with MDAAQ 4.4 1.7 5.1 5.3 1.8 (T2), (T0: 1.7; T1: 5 1.5; T2: 1.5). Discussion Conclusions. session improves knowledge, it not enough improve MD.

Language: Английский