Role of Serum and Dietary Vitamins A and E in Pulmonary Function and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review

Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major global health concern, significantly affecting quality of life and healthcare systems. Oxidative stress plays critical role in COPD pathogenesis. Vitamins A E, as fat-soluble antioxidants, are believed to support pulmonary health, but studies report conflicting findings. Objectives: To evaluate associations between serum dietary concentrations vitamins E with function parameters risk or severity, this systematic review was conducted. Methods: search conducted PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library. Of 150 screened studies, 22 met inclusion criteria, comprising cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, interventional designs. Studies assessing levels their relationships (FEV₁, FVC, FEV₁/FVC) were included. Results: Higher vitamin linked improved FEV₁ FVC reduced prevalence. Vitamin intake associated lower COPD, though its effects on lung varied. Supplementation showed mixed results, benefits observed mainly when combined other antioxidants. Effects more pronounced smokers individuals systemic inflammation. Conclusions: particularly A, may slow progression. However, inconsistencies highlighted need for well-designed trials confirm management.

Language: Английский

Nutritional Support of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1149 - 1149

Published: March 26, 2025

Background: COPD is a heterogenous disease of the respiratory tract caused by diverse genetic factors along with environmental and lifestyle-related effects such as industrial dust inhalation and, most frequently, cigarette smoking. These lead to airflow obstruction chronic symptoms. Additionally, increased risk infections exacerbates airway inflammation in patients. As consequence complex pathomechanisms difficulty treatment, among leading causes mortality both western countries developing world. Results: The management still challenge for clinicians; however, alternative interventions smoking cessation lifestyle changes from sedentary life moderate physical activity special attention diet may ameliorate patients' health. Here, we reviewed different dietary components supplements on conditions COPD. Conclusions: patients are continuously exposed heavy metals, which commonly present smoke polluted air. Meanwhile, they often experience significant nutrient deficiencies, affect detoxification these toxic metals. This turn can further disrupt nutritional balance interfering absorption, metabolism, utilization essential micronutrients. Therefore, awareness deliberate efforts should be made check levels micronutrients, ensuring adequate antioxidants, vitamin D, K2, magnesium, iron, particularly important reducing development limiting severity.

Language: Английский

An Overview of Sarcopenia: Focusing on Nutritional Treatment Approaches

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1237 - 1237

Published: April 1, 2025

Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by the progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass strength. This condition associated with physical disability, decreased quality life, increased mortality. Therefore, reducing prevalence sarcopenia could significantly lower healthcare costs. can be classified into primary secondary sarcopenia. The former related to aging begins after fourth decade life; that, there around 8% per until age 70 years, which subsequently increases 15% decade. On other hand, affect all individuals may result from various factors including inactivity, malnutrition, endocrine disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, cachexia. Understanding multiple mechanisms involved in onset progression allows for us develop strategies that prevent, treat, or at least mitigate caused protein breakdown. One potential treatment based on nutritional interventions, adequate caloric intake specific nutrients support health. Such include natural food rich whey omega-3 fatty acids as well supplements like branched-chain amino acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, vitamin D along special medical purposes. It important emphasize exercises, especially resistance training, not only promote synthesis their own but also work synergistically enhance effectiveness.

Language: Английский