Much More than Nutrients: The Protective Effects of Nutraceuticals on the Blood–Brain Barrier in Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 766 - 766

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is well described in several diseases, and considered a pathological factor many neurological disorders. This review summarizes most important groups natural compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanidines, carotenoids, lipids, vitamins that were investigated for their potential protective effects on brain endothelium. penetration these compounds interaction with BBB efflux transporters solute carriers are discussed. cerebrovascular endothelium therapeutic target diseases. In preclinical studies modeling systemic central nervous system nutraceuticals exerted beneficial BBB. vivo, they decreased permeability, edema, astrocyte swelling, morphological changes vessel structure basal lamina. At level endothelial cells, increased cell survival apoptosis. From general functions, angiogenesis levels vasodilating agents demonstrated. elevated integrity by tightened intercellular junctions, expression activity transporters, such as pumps, carriers, metabolic enzymes, shown. Nutraceuticals enhanced antioxidative defense anti-inflammatory at signaling mediating stability activation WNT, PI3K-AKT, NRF2 pathways, inhibition MAPK, JNK, ERK, NF-κB pathways. represent valuable source new potentially molecules to treat diseases protecting

Language: Английский

A Review of Advances in Multimodal Treatment Strategies for Chronic Disorders of Consciousness Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

International Journal of General Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 771 - 786

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Chronic disorders of consciousness (cDoC) resulting from severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) are associated with significant challenges in treatment and recovery. This review explores multimodal interventions aimed at improving patient outcomes. A systematic was conducted on peer-reviewed studies PubMed Google Scholar published between 2000 2023. The included clinical trials, observational studies, case series that assessed for cognitive function patients cDoC following sTBI. Interventions considered pharmacological treatments, non-invasive neuromodulation, rehabilitation therapies, traditional medicine approaches. identifies several promising interventions. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), when combined physical stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic (TMS) direct current (tDCS), has shown positive effects Non-invasive neuromodulation have been linked to improvements cortical activity consciousness, taVNS emerging as a novel approach. Additionally, Chinese medicine, particularly herbal demonstrated complementary benefits integrated modern methods. Personalized strategies based characteristics, biomarkers, genetic data were found enhance Notably, integrating these modalities into personalized care protocols enhanced efficacy, suggesting individualized approaches critical Multimodal therapies show promise enhancing recovery after sTBI, but further research is needed optimize standardize practices. integration represents potentially effective strategy

Language: Английский

Neuroprotective triterpenoids from Astragalus membranaceus stems and leaves: Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms for memory improvement via in vivo and in vitro models

Bioorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108492 - 108492

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский