Nutritional Interventions for Pressure Ulcer Prevention in Hip Fracture Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 644 - 644

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Pressure ulcers represent a significant complication in patients with reduced mobility, such as those recovering from hip fractures. In the present study, we aimed to comprehensively assess impact of oral nutritional interventions on development pressure fracture via systematic review and meta-analysis controlled studies evaluating effectiveness supplements compared standard care. accordance PRISMA standards, this evaluated any type care patients. The risk bias was using Cochrane ROB2 tool for randomized trials ROBINS-1 nonrandomized trials. Fourteen (10 4 trials) published since 1990 (n = 1648) were included. Oral supplementation associated statistically decrease odds ratio developing (OR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.40-0.73, p < 0.001). incidence evolution can be improved by dietary who have undergone surgery. Accordingly, propose that should considered an essential component comprehensive post-hip-fracture

Language: Английский

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Postoperative Changes in Body Composition Predict Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Gastric Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 738 - 738

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Postoperative changes in body composition (BC) have not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact postoperative comprehensive BC on long-term prognosis gastric cancer (GC) patients. A total 366 GC patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were included. skeletal muscle volume, fat and density investigated at six months postoperatively using computed tomography evaluated their association with survival. Patients decreased increased had a poor prognosis, respectively. When risk scores based these three parameters applied, classified from score 0 4, survival rate declining as improved: 0, interim 5-year overall 94%; 1, 82%; 2, 73%; 3, 56%; 20%. change (score > 2) an independent prognosticator (HR, 3.086; p < 0.001). Preoperative myosteatosis, high Charlson comorbidity, identified significant factors for change. Each loss, hyperdensity negatively affected after surgery, scoring assessment well predicted GC.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Abnormalities and Carcinogenesis in Barrett’s Esophagus: Implications for Cancer Treatment and Prevention

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 270 - 270

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Background: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is described by the transformation of normal squamous epithelium into metaplastic columnar epithelium, driven chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). BE a recognized premalignant condition and main precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis crucial for improving prevention, surveillance, treatment strategies. Methods: This narrative review examines abnormalities associated with progression EAC. Results: study highlights inflammatory, genetic, epigenetic, chromosomal alterations, emphasizing key pathways biomarkers. follows multistep process involving dysplasia genetic alterations such as TP53 CDKN2A (p16) mutations, instability, dysregulation like PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Epigenetic including aberrant microRNA expression or DNA methylation, further contribute this progression. These changes are stage-specific, some occurring early in during transition high-grade Innovations chemoprevention, combining proton pump inhibitors aspirin, potential antireflux surgery halt promising. Incorporating biomarkers surveillance strategies advancing precision medicine may enable earlier detection personalized treatments. Conclusions: primary preneoplastic A deeper understanding its can enhance protocols, optimize management inflammation, refine prevention therapeutic strategies, ultimately contributing reduction global burden

Language: Английский

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Prognostic Significance of Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 837 - 837

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The aim of this study was to determine the impact sarcopenia on outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. A systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA standards were conducted, searching studies comparing with without surgery included postoperative mortality, Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 complications, intraoperative blood loss, need transfusion, length hospital stay, overall survival (OS) (time-to-event). odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD), adjusted hazard (HR) calculated as summary measures using random effect modelling. Risk bias assessed Quality Prognosis Studies tool. Five featuring 1304 included. There no significant mortality (OR 1.85, 95% CI 0.75-4.57, p = 0.18), complications 1.44, 0.92-2.25, 0.11), stay (MD 2.13 days, -0.89-5.15, 0.17) or OS (adjusted HR 1.48, CI, 0.97-2.28, 0.07) between sarcopenia. Sarcopenia increased loss 388.00 mL, 114.99-683.01, 0.006) transfusion 2.27, 1.66, 3.10, < 0.00001). may increase risk bleeding during cholangiocarcinoma (low certainty); however, not translate into a higher morbidity (moderate certainty). Our findings regarding be subject type 2 error; hence, long-term after remains unknown requires further research.

Language: Английский

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Common Regulatory Mechanisms Mediated by Cuproptosis Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Major Depressive Disorder

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 339 - 339

Published: March 14, 2025

Background: The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is significantly higher compared to the general population, suggesting a potential link between their pathogeneses. Cuproptosis, defined as cell death caused by intracellular copper accumulation, has not been thoroughly investigated in context IBD and MDD. This study aims uncover molecular mechanisms cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) both conditions explore novel therapeutic strategies modulation CRGs. Methods: In this study, we identified differentially expressed CRGs normal samples. We calculated correlation immune infiltrations across various tissues. Four machine learning algorithms were employed identify key associated Additionally, drug sensitivity, docking, dynamics simulations conducted predict drugs for Results: DLD, DLAT, DLST, PDHB, DBT common DE-CRGs, LIAS, SLC31A1, SCO2, CDKN2A Consequently, DLD was recognized shared biomarker diseases. A total 37 Based on docking simulation analyses, barasertib NTP-TAE684, which target predicted be most effective compounds. Conclusions: These findings have substantially enhanced our understanding similarities differences regulatory within brain–gut axis Key biomarkers identified, effectively

Language: Английский

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Quality of Life in Children with Celiac Disease: An Observational Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1085 - 1085

Published: March 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune disorders affecting children worldwide. The aim to explore significance quality life (QOL) research in pediatric CD, highlighting importance assessing both physical and psychosocial aspects well-being. Materials Methods: study used a self-administered questionnaire, which consisted questions on sociodemographic clinical characteristics, as well general assessment QOL by using validated PedsQL™ 4.0. Results: Dietary restrictions were associated with social challenges, reported 43% respondents who indicated their child had experienced exclusion or distress during family gatherings, while 48% encountered difficulties school setting. overall score mean 68.9 (SD = 15.00), median 67.4, ranged from 41.3 100.0, reflecting individual variations perceived Age significant factor influencing children’s interactions experiences within educational settings, likely due increased academic demands, pressures, developmental changes. Conclusions: suggests that significantly influences functioning life, its impact emotional, social, domains comparatively lower.

Language: Английский

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Acylcarnitine and Free Fatty Acid Profiles in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Associations with Fibrosis and Inflammation

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1097 - 1097

Published: March 21, 2025

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by bile duct destruction, cholestasis, and fibrosis. Acylcarnitines are esters of carnitine responsible for the transport long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria β-oxidation, playing crucial role in energy metabolism lipid homeostasis. This study aimed to assess acylcarnitine free acid (FFA) profiles PBC patients their associations with fibrosis severity inflammation. Methods: cross-sectional included 46 32 healthy controls. FFAs were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enzymatic assays, respectively. Liver stiffness was measured point shear wave elastography (ElastPQ), assessed APRI FIB-4 scores. Inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β) also analyzed. Results: had significantly higher levels C18:1-acylcarnitine (median: 165.1 ng/mL) compared controls (152.4 ng/mL, p = 0.0036). Similarly, FFA markedly elevated 0.46 mM/L) (0.26 mM/L, < 0.0001). Patients (ElastPQ > 5.56 kPa) (p 0.0008) 0.00098). Additionally, increased scores associated inflammatory injury markers. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed (OR 1.031, 95% CI: 1.007-1.057, 0.013) 2.25 per 0.1 mM/L increase, 1.20-4.22, 0.012) as independent predictors PBC. Conclusions: strongly These findings suggest link between disturbances Both metabolites may potentially serve non-invasive biomarkers progression PBC, warranting further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Answer to: Commentary on “Can AI Answer My Questions? Utilizing Artificial Intelligence in the Perioperative Assessment for Abdominoplasty Patients”

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Aortic Calcification on Surgical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Analysis Focused on Anastomotic Leakage

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(4), P. 606 - 606

Published: March 27, 2025

Background and Objectives: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a major complication of colorectal surgery (CRS), increasing morbidity, mortality, healthcare costs. While several AL risk factors have been identified, the role aortic calcification (AC) remains unclear. As marker systemic atherosclerosis, AC may impair tissue perfusion anastomotic healing. Additionally, tumor (TNM stage, histology, localization) patient comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, neoadjuvant therapy) contribute to risk. This study evaluates association between preoperative incidence while considering additional factors. Materials Methods: retrospective cohort included 151 patients undergoing CRS from January 2020 October 2023. Preoperative CT scans classified into Stage 0 (none), 1 (<50%), 2 (>50%) circumference. Data on demographics, characteristics, therapy, were collected. analyzed using univariate multivariate logistic regression. Results: occurred in 5.96% (9/151) patients. was significantly higher with >50% (44.47% vs. 11.27%, p = 0.012). Multivariate analysis confirmed as an independent predictor (OR 10.38, 95% CI: 1.243–92.118, 0.032). Rectal localization (p 0.038), hypertension 0.027), disease 0.014), therapy 0.045) also associated increased Conclusions: Severe CRS. rectal tumors, hypertension, vascular assessments comprehensive stratification models help identify high-risk guide perioperative management strategies reduce incidence.

Language: Английский

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Prognostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging to cytoreductive surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastases

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 5, 2025

To investigate the prognostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculated from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to cytoreductive surgery (CRS), with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), for gastric cancer (GC) patients peritoneal metastasis (PM). Between May 2016 and December 2020, 95 newly diagnosed GC PM who underwent CRS combined HIPEC (CRS + group, n = 61) alone 34) were retrospectively included. All abdominal 3.0 T MRI scan, including DWI, mean ADC (ADCmean), minimum (ADCmin), maximum (ADCmax) values whole-volume tumor measured. The parameters clinical histopathological characteristics investigated by univariate multivariate Cox analyses. median overall survival (OS) periods groups 18 9 months, respectively ([hazard ratio (HR) 0.44 [95% CI: 0.27-0.71], P<0.001). ADCmean ADCmin positively correlated OS in all (Spearman's rho [R] 0.361 0.470), as well (R 0.369 0.417) 0.192 0.409) groups. analysis demonstrated that ≤ 1.39 × 10- 3 mm2/s 0.77 significantly associated a negative prognosis total population (HR 1.68 1.02-2.75] 2.48 1.51-4.08], P < 0.05) group 2.22 1.19-4.14] 2.37 1.26-4.37], 0.05), along pathologic N stages. Only was identified an independent factor 3.49 1.19-10.20], 0.022). strong CRS, HIPEC.

Language: Английский

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