From Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome to Cardiovascular-Renal-Hepatic-Metabolic Syndrome: Proposing an Expanded Framework

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 213 - 213

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Cardiometabolic diseases represent an escalating global health crisis, slowing or even reversing earlier declines in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Traditionally, conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerotic CVD, heart failure (HF), chronic kidney (CKD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver (MASLD) were managed isolation. However, emerging evidence reveals that these disorders share overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms treatment strategies. In 2023, the American Heart Association proposed Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, recognizing interconnected roles of heart, kidneys, system. Yet, this model omits liver—a critical organ impacted by dysfunction. MASLD, which can progress to steatohepatitis (MASH), is closely tied insulin resistance contributing directly renal impairment. Notably, MASLD bidirectionally associated with development progression CKM syndrome. As a result, we introduce expanded framework—the Cardiovascular-Renal-Hepatic-Metabolic (CRHM) syndrome—to more comprehensively capture broader inter-organ dynamics. We provide guidance for integrated diagnostic approach aimed at halting advanced stages preventing further damage. addition, highlight advances medical management target shared pathways, offering benefits across multiple systems. Viewing whole, rather than discrete entities, incorporating into framework fosters holistic strategy offers promising path addressing cardiometabolic pandemic.

Language: Английский

Barriers to Implementing Effective Healthcare Practices for the Aging Population: Approaches to Identification and Management

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

The aging population presents a growing challenge to healthcare systems, necessitating urgent adaptations meet the complex needs of older adults. Existing models often lack integration and fail provide patient-centered care, leading fragmented services, suboptimal outcomes, increased hospitalizations, escalating costs. This narrative review aims systematically identify categorize key barriers effective implementation for elderly, evaluate current their limitations, explore evidence-based strategies improve care delivery. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web Science studies published from 2000 October 2024. identified span multiple domains, including patient-related challenges such as low health literacy socioeconomic disparities, disease-specific factors like frailty multimorbidity, provider-related constraints inadequate geriatric training, system-wide deficiencies primary infrastructure policy support. To address these challenges, this explores emerging solutions, risk stratification tools, integrated models, digital innovations, artificial intelligence-driven interventions. By providing structured analysis inform practices that enhance elderly reduce hospital readmissions, optimize resource utilization populations.

Language: Английский

No independent association between dietary calcium/vitamin D and appendicular lean mass index in middle-aged women: NHANES cross-sectional analysis (2011–2018)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 19, 2025

Language: Английский