Dynamic filtration in baleen whales: recent discoveries and emerging trends

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 12, 2024

Recent findings have greatly improved our understanding of mysticete oral filtration, and upended the traditional view baleen filtration as a simple process. Flow tank experiments, telemetric tag deployment on whales, other lab field methods continue to yield new data ideas. These suggest that several mechanisms arose from ecological, morphological, biomechanical adaptations facilitating evolution extreme body size in Mysticeti. Multiple lines evidence strongly support characterization conceptually dynamic process, varying according diverse intraoral locations times prevailing conditions. We review highlight these follows. First, appears work complex metafilter comprising multiple components with differing properties. include major minor plates eroded fringes (AKA bristles or hairs), well whole racks. Second, it is clear different whale species rely varied ecological modes ranging slow skimming high-speed lunging, possibilities between. Third, be highly flow-dependent porosity not only across sites within single rack, but also by flow direction, speed, volume. Fourth, indicate (particularly balaenid whales possibly species) generally functions throughput sieve, instead likely uses cross-flow tangential many biological systems. Fifth, reveals time course including rate filter filling clearing, more than formerly envisioned. plate fringe orientation, change during stages ram water expulsion. Sixth, baleen’s flexibility related properties varies location (=rack), leading conditions outcomes. Seventh, means clearing/cleaning filter, whether hydraulic, hydrodynamic, mechanical methods, vary feeding type, notably intermittent lunging versus continuous skimming. Together, past two decades elucidated processes heightened need for further research. Many aspects may pertain filters; designers can apply artificial both better understand natural systems design manufacture effective synthetic filters. Understanding common unique features phenomena, artificial, will aid scientific technical understanding, enable fruitful interdisciplinary partnerships, designs.

Language: Английский

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Seas and Oceans Save by Bioremediation

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Suffused: baleen fringe mat porosity and hydrodynamics in balaenid and balaenopterid whales

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2024

Abstract Baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are longitudinally fibrous, separating where eroded medially into mats fringes due to friction from water, prey, and the tongue. The end up spreading-out, in other words suffusing, over comb-like structure baleen assemblage. This study examined relationships between mat morphology hydrodynamics it generates. Samples collected nine rack locations on a bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) fin (Balaenoptera physalus) were investigated with new technique porosity determination flume setting. Porosity was measured range 5–20% 8–37% samples respectively. These largest ventrally both species, while remaining somewhat insensitive flume’s water speed. A hydrodynamical model through-mat currents used estimate speeds 0.15–3.0 cm/s permeabilities order 10−13 m2, depending applied pressure. Finally, relative near entrance mouth, these trends quantitatively similar species. With tongue- flow-based erosion as main mechanism for creation all extant mysticetes, our analysis suggests baleen-generated filtration having emerged early their evolution.

Language: Английский

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Acoustic signature of plastic marine debris mimics the prey items of deep-diving cetaceans

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 117069 - 117069

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

It is largely assumed that odontocetes voluntarily ingest plastic marine debris because they visually mistake it for prey. However, deep-diving whales do not rely on visual systems to forage and instead employ echolocation. Whether or these misinterpret acoustic signals lead the accidental ingestion of unknown. We examined this question by measuring target strength prey items (squid, squid beaks) various naturally weathered fouled plastics sourced from North Carolina coastline in situ at sea 38, 70 120 kHz. Here we show 100 % tested (plastics commonly found stomachs stranded such as bags, rope, bottles) have either similar stronger strengths compared with whale items. These finding supports hypothesis consumption driven a misperception signals.

Language: Английский

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Arts-Based Multiliteracies

Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 46

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

This chapter proposes the concept of Arts-Based Multiliteracies (ABM) grounded in arts literacies (Barton, 2020), critical (Kaya et al., 2022), complexity thinking (Davis & Sumara, 2006), and expanded literacies, including multiliteracies (New London Group, 1996) multimodality (Kress, 2009). The authors argue for importance potentiality ABM provide contextual examples to illustrate ways making communicating meaning through multimodal ensembles with other literacies. Arts are threaded conceptualize Multiliteracies. Dimensions described potentials design discussed. concludes challenges promises Art-Based hope that embodied, emotional, relational may provoke social change inspire transform teaching learning.

Language: Английский

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