Romanian journal of Horticulture,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
3(3), P. 179 - 184
Published: Dec. 15, 2022
Phomopsis
viticola,
in
poorly
managed
vineyards,
can
produce
a
lot
of
damage
due
to
its
year-to-year
infection
pattern.In
combination
with
high
spore
reserve
from
the
previous
year,
this
causes
reduced
grape
yields.This
study
aims
assess
viticola
attack
Tarnave
vineyards
during
May-July
2020.The
data
(frequency
and
intensity
attack)
was
collected
Craciunelu
de
Jos,
degree
(AD)
calculated
before
after
treatments
applied
'Saugvinon
blanc',
'Riesling
italian',
'Fetească
regală'
'Traminer
roz'
grapevine
cultivars.The
AD
treatment
contact
systemic
products
had
values
between
27.80%
4.10%,
first
period
(May-June
2020)
at
3.40%
0.83%
second
(June-July
9.00%
12.40%.In
regală',
'Sauvignion
blanc'
Riesling
italian
cultivars
have
shown
higher
susceptibility
Traminer
lower
one.The
fungicide
administrated
were
efficient
managing
Transylvania.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(13), P. 2553 - 2553
Published: July 5, 2023
Romania
has
a
long
history
of
grapevine
culturing
and
winemaking.
However,
like
any
agricultural
sector,
viticulture
faces
devastating
biological
threats.
Fungi
responsible
for
trunk
diseases
(GTDs)
grape
spoilage
lead
to
considerable
yield
losses
decline
in
quality.
In
the
actual
context,
many
countries,
including
Romania,
have
reoriented
their
approaches
minimize
chemical
inputs,
which
been
proven
be
toxic
negative
impacts
on
environment,
replace
them
with
sustainable
biocontrol
strategies
wine-growing
sector.
Within
strategies,
Bacillus
spp.
is
well-known
plant-protective
bacteria
antifungal
properties.
this
paper,
six
endophytic
from
various
plant
sources
were
studied.
The
bacterial
strains
identified
as
B.
pumilus,
subtilis,
velezensis
by
sequencing
16S
rDNA
region.
Regardless
vitro
test
methods
(using
living
cells,
bacterial-cell-free
supernatant
(CFS),
volatile
active
compounds
(VOCs)),
revealed
strong
broad
activity
against
fungal
pathogens
such
Aspergillus
spp.,
Botrytis
cinerea,
Penicillium
expansum,
Diplodia
seriata,
Eutypa
lata,
Fusarium
Clonostachys
rosea,
Neofusicoccum
parvum,
Stereum
hirsutum.
functional
genes
encoding
difficidin,
fengycin,
iturins,
macrolactin,
mycosubtilin
molecularly
detected,
could
support
strains.
Lytic
enzymes
involved
growth
inhibition,
chitinase,
cellulase,
proteases,
also
produced
some
these
Various
other
tests,
phosphate
phytate
solubilization,
phytohormone
synthesis,
production
polyamine
biosynthetic
pathway,
pH
well
temperature
tolerance
tests
carried
out
reveal
plant-beneficial
potential
These
results
that
strains,
especially
BAHs1,
are
most
suitable
endophytes
biologic
control,
future
development
management
strategies.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
Abstract
In
the
Duhok
province
of
Kurdistan
region,
plant
species
Vitis
vinifera
has
been
explored
as
a
habitat
for
diverse
endophytic
microorganisms
across
various
ecological
environments.
During
period
from
2021
to
2022,
total
600
samples
were
collected
four
distinct
locations:
Bagera,
Besfke,
Barebhar,
and
Atrush.
From
these
samples,
twelve
fungal
isolated,
including
Aspergillus
flavus,
Botryosphaeria
dothidea,
Fusarium
oxysporum,
ruscicol,
venenatum,
Chaetomium
globosum,
Clonostachys
rosea,
Mucor
racemosus,
Penicillium
glabrum,
terreus,
ustus
,
niger
.
These
fungi
are
recognized
their
potential
biocontrol
agents
against
grapevine
trunk
diseases
grape
rotting
fungi,
which
pose
significant
risks
health
productivity.
Based
on
ITS
SSU
sequencing,
molecular
identification
confirmed
fungi’s
presence
with
sequence
identities
ranging
99%
100%.
Phylogenetic
analysis
revealed
that
endophytes
could
be
categorized
into
five
main
clusters
(A,
B,
C,
D,
E),
showing
high
intra-group
similarity.
Utilizing
Dual
Culture
method,
endophyte
Paecilomyces
maximus
demonstrated
70.83%
inhibition
rate
Ilyonectria
destructans
Food
Poisoning
A.
flavus
P.
emerged
most
effective
inhibitors
whereas
M.
racemosus
achieved
complete
(100%)
Botrytis
cinerea
Additionally,
was
identified
agent
Neoscytalidium
dimidiatum
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(10), P. e0309041 - e0309041
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
Endophytic
fungi
are
microorganisms
that,
exhibiting
within
the
plant
tissues
without
causing
any
apparent
harm
to
host,
establish
a
symbiotic
relationship
with
plants.
Host
plants
provide
endophytic
essential
nutrients
and
protected
environment.
In
exchange,
can
enhance
plant’s
ability
acquire
nutrients.
They
also
play
crucial
role
in
increasing
host
tolerance
various
abiotic
biotic
stresses.
produce
wide
range
of
bioactive
compounds,
some
similar
those
found
plant.
Iraq’s
Duhok
province
Kurdistan
region,
species
Vitis
vinifera
has
been
explored
as
habitat
for
diverse
across
ecological
environments.
During
period
from
2021
2022,
total
600
samples
were
collected
four
distinct
locations:
Bagera,
Besfke,
Barebhar,
Atrush.
From
these
samples,
twelve
fungal
isolated,
including
Aspergillus
flavipes
,
Botryosphaeria
dothidea
Fusarium
oxysporum
ruscicol
venenatum
Chaetomium
globosum
Clonostachys
rosea
Mucor
racemosus
Penicillium
glabrum
terreus
nidulans
niger
Alternaria
alternata
Paecilomyces
maximus
Curvularia
buchloes
.
These
introduced
their
potential
biocontrol
agents
against
grapevine
trunk
diseases
grape
rotting
fungi,
which
pose
significant
risks
health
productivity.
Penicilium
radiatolobatum
Botrysphaeria
ruscicola
represented
first
record
endophytes
on
Iraq.
Based
ITS
SSU
sequencing,
molecular
identification
confirmed
fungi’s
presence
sequence
identities
ranging
99%
100%.
Phylogenetic
analysis
revealed
that
could
be
categorized
into
five
main
clusters
(A,
B,
C,
D,
E),
showing
high
intra-group
similarity.
Utilizing
Dual
Culture
method,
endophyte
demonstrated
70.83%
inhibition
rate
Ilyonectria
destructans
Food
Poisoning
A
P
emerged
most
effective
inhibitors
whereas
M
achieved
complete
(100%)
Botrytis
cinerea
Additionally,
was
identified
agent
Neoscytalidium
dimidiatum
conclusion,
study
emphasizes
diseases,
highlighting
sustainable
vineyard
management.
findings
lead
further
exploration
implementation
fungi-inserted
pest
management
strategies.
Phytopathology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
114(1), P. 21 - 34
Published: July 28, 2023
Species
from
the
Botryosphaeriaceae
family
are
causal
agents
of
Botryosphaeria
dieback
(BD),
a
worldwide
grapevine
trunk
disease.
Because
their
lifestyle
and
adaptation
to
wide
range
temperatures,
these
fungi
constitute
serious
threat
vineyards
viticulture,
especially
in
actual
context
climate
change.
Grapevine
plants
both
nurseries
very
susceptible
infections
by
botryosphaeriaceous
due
several
cuts
wounds
made
during
propagation
process
entire
life
cycle,
respectively.
When
decline
becomes
chronic
or
apoplectic,
it
reduces
longevity
vineyard
affects
quality
wine,
leading
huge
economic
losses.
Given
environmental
impact
fungicides,
short
period
effectiveness
protecting
pruning
wounds,
alternative
strategies
being
developed
fight
BD
fungal
pathogens
limit
propagation.
Among
them,
biological
control
has
been
recognized
as
promising
sustainable
alternative.
However,
there
is
still
no
effective
strategy
for
combating
this
complex
disease,
conditioned
traits
host
tolerance
traits,
relationships
with
whole
microbiome/microbiota.
To
provide
sound
guidance
an
integrated
management
BD,
combining
limitation
infection
risk,
tolerant
cultivars,
control,
review
explores
some
factors
conditioning
expression
grapevine.
BD-associated
pathogens,
pathogenicity
factors,
cultivar
susceptibility,
biocontrol
potential
Bacillus
spp.
Trichoderma
discussed.
International Journal of Pest Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 18
Published: June 3, 2024
An
evaluation
of
pest
and
disease
management
practices
was
conducted
among
181
grapevine
farmers
across
five
key
viticulture
regions
in
Morocco
from
2019
to
2022.
The
primary
objectives
were
assess
farmers'
knowledge,
perceptions,
examine
their
impact
on
productivity.
A
diverse
range
grape
varieties
noted,
with
over
21
yielding
10
30
t/ha.
Disease
monitoring
reported
by
97.4%
the
winegrowers
within
vineyards,
but
only
12.1%
actively
scouted
for
trunk
diseases.
array
40
active
ingredients
evaluated
against
each
disease.
For
instance,
gray
mold
(Botrytis
cinerea)
mainly
treated
boscalid
+
pyraclostrobin
(72%),
mancozeb
thiophanate
methyl
(71%),
cyprodinil
(69%),
fenthion
(69%).
As
downy
mildew
(Plasmospora
viticola),
seven
significantly
been
highlighted
including
cymoxanil
hexaconazole
5%
iprodione
while
maneb
(69%)
most
adopted
treatment
black
rot
(Guignardia
bidwellii)
Some
these
treatments
showed
positive
correlations
other
targeting
multiple
pests.
Identification
control
pests
diseases
often
based
damage
symptoms
rather
than
recording
causal
agents.
Respondents
aware
common
foliar
Multivariate
analyses
that
there
is
a
strong
relationship
between
characteristics
overall
knowledge
However,
major
relatively
low
inadequate.
study
underscores
critical
role
improved
mitigating
high
variability
productivity
experienced
Moroccan
farmers.
МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ ЖӘНЕ ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(43), P. 16 - 31
Published: Dec. 19, 2023
The
grape
(Vítis
vinífera)
is
one
of
the
most
important
fruit
plant
species
with
a
wide
distribution
throughout
world.
Commercial
varieties
are
susceptible
to
significant
exposure
variety
pathogenic
microorganisms
that
can
cause
disease
in
plants
both
pre-harvest
and
post-harvest.
These
diseases
significantly
affect
production,
processing
export
grapes,
as
well
their
quality.
Potential
threats
include
bacteria,
fungi,
oomycetes
viruses,
which
have
different
life
cycles,
infection
mechanisms
survival
strategies.
interaction
between
grapes
pathogens
involves
cycles
resistance
susceptibility,
study
allows
us
identify
traits
inherent
natural
resources
use
them
breeding
process
ensure
sustainable
agriculture.
This
review
summarizes
main
affecting
Vitis
vinifera,
including
causative
agents.
A
comprehensive
analysis
strategies
employed
by
types
also
carried
out,
considering
response
resistant
scenarios.
In
addition,
new
methods
used
assess
condition
under
conditions
biotic
stress
discussed,
scientifically
based
procedures
necessary
combat
protect
crop
from
them.
Виноград
является
одним
из
наиболее
важных
видов
фруктовых
растений,
имеющих
широкое
распространение
по
всему
миру.
Коммерческие
сорта
винограда
подвержены
серьезному
воздействию
разнообразных
патогенных
микроорганизмов,
которые
способны
вызывать
заболевания
в
растениях
как
период
до
сбора
урожая,
так
и
после
него.
Эти
существенно
влияют
на
производство,
обработку
экспорт
винограда,
а
также
его
качество.
Среди
потенциальных
угроз
можно
выделить
бактерии,
грибы,
оомицеты
вирусы,
характеризуются
различными
жизненными
циклами,
механизмами
заражения
стратегиями
выживания.
Взаимодействие
между
виноградом
патогенами
подразумевает
наличие
циклов
устойчивости
восприимчивости,
исследование
которых
позволяет
выявить
признаки
устойчивости,
присущие
природным
ресурсам,
использовать
их
процессе
селекции
с
целью
обеспечения
устойчивого
сельского
хозяйства.
В
данном
обзоре
обобщаются
основные
заболевания,
воздействующие
Vítis
vinífera,
включая
возбудителей.
Также
проведен
всесторонний
анализ
стратегий
инфекции,
применяемых
типами
патогенов,
учетом
реакции
растения
инфекцию
сценариях
восприимчивости.
Кроме
того,
рассматриваются
новые
методы,
применяемые
для
оценки
состояния
условиях
биотических
стрессов,
научно
обоснованные
процедуры,
необходимы
борьбы
болезнями
растений
защиты
урожая
от
них.