The Effect of glycocholic acid on the growth, membrane permeability, conjugation and antibiotic susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 20, 2025

Introduction Glycocholic acid (GCA) is a steroid and one of the main glycine-conjugated bile components in mammalian bile, which involved emulsification absorption fats sterols. It long-known that amphipathic nature acids enables them to interact with lipid membrane Gram-positive bacteria act as potent antimicrobial compounds. Nevertheless, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae species inhabiting intestinal tract mammals are considered be more bile-resistant compared thought tolerate high concentrations. Results Here, we show 1-2% GCA inhibit growth species, including E. coli , Salmonella enterica . Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter Raoultella spp. during their late logarithmic phase liquid culture, but not solid media. Despite lipopolysaccharide layer, demonstrate that, liquid, increases permeability, changes surface membrane, compromises its integrity. These result leakage cytoplasmic proteins enhancement susceptibility antibiotics. Moreover, significantly reduces bacterial motility, frequency conjugation horizontal acquisition antibiotic resistance genes. phenotypes associated repression flagellin ( fliC ) transcription sharp decrease occurrence conjugative pili presence glycocholic acid, respectively. Discussion Overall, these findings broaden current understanding about suggest can used growth, augment activity compounds diminish dissemination genes by conjugation.

Language: Английский

Bile acids supplementation improves colonic mucosal barrier via alteration of bile acids metabolism and gut microbiota composition in goats with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 287, P. 117313 - 117313

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease due to feeding high-concentrate (HC) diets ruminants, especially dairy cows, in intensive farming system. Long term HC commonly induce damages hindgut barrier, leading the translocation of harmful substances such as endotoxins (LPS) from lumen blood, which results low-grade inflammation and stress response. Secondary bile acids (SBAs) play an important role maintaining intestinal homeostasis. However, function SBAs on epithelial barrier SARA remains unclear. In this study, 15 growing goats were randomly divided into 3 groups, control group (30 % concentrate dry matter, CON), (70 SARA), SARA+BAs matte, supplemented with g/d/goat BAs, SARA+BAs). The changes mucosal permeability, gut microbiota (BAs) profile was measured colon. showed that compared CON group, level plasma D-lactate diamine oxidase activity (DAO) (P < 0.05) elevated while BAs supplementation significantly decreased DAO 0.05). thickness colonic mucosa, goblet cells (GCs) number 0.01) abundance MUC2 occludin expression markedly increased GCs improved barrier. effectively reduced content LPS volatile fatty (VFAs) digesta Furthermore, ameliorated SARA-induced reduction total 0.001), primary 0.05), conjugated including taurocholic acid (TCA), taurochenodeoxycholic (TCDCA) taurodeoxycholic (TDCA), well hyodeoxycholic (HDCA) lithocholic (LCA) contents digesta. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed Prevotella Treponema, but Akkermansia positively correlated abundance. Roseburia, Negativibacillus, Lactobacillus, unclassified_f_prevotellaceae, TCA, TCDCA, TDCA levels. RNA-Seq that, activated PPAR signaling pathway GCs. summary, remodels profiles metabolites, activates pathway, eventually ameliorates damage.

Language: Английский