Transcription-Coupled Repair and R-Loop Crosstalk in Genome Stability DOI Open Access

Jeseok Jeon,

Tae‐Hong Kang

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3744 - 3744

Published: April 16, 2025

Transcription-coupled repair (TCR) and R-loops are two interrelated processes critical to the maintenance of genome stability during transcription. TCR, a specialized sub-pathway nucleotide excision repair, rapidly removes transcription-blocking lesions from transcribed strand active genes, thereby safeguarding transcription fidelity cellular homeostasis. In contrast, R-loops, RNA–DNA hybrid structures formed co-transcriptionally, play not only regulatory roles in gene expression replication but can also contribute instability when persistently accumulated. Recent experimental evidence has revealed dynamic crosstalk between TCR R-loop resolution pathways. This review highlights current molecular insights into biology, discusses impact their crosstalk, explores emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing DNA reducing disease risk conditions such as cancer neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

How human papillomavirus (HPV) targets DNA repair pathways for viral replication: from guardian to accomplice DOI
Arushi Vats, Laimonis A. Laimins

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

SUMMARY Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses that responsible for significant disease burdens worldwide, including cancers of the cervix, anogenital tract, and oropharynx. HPVs infect stratified epithelia at a variety body locations link their productive life cycles to differentiation host cell. These have evolved sophisticated mechanisms exploit cellular pathways, such as damage repair (DDR), regulate cycles. activate key DDR pathways ATM, ATR, FA, which critical maintaining genomic integrity but often dysregulated in cancers. Importantly, these essential HPV replication undifferentiated cells amplification upon differentiation. The ability modulate not only enables persistence also contributes transformation. In this review, we discuss recent advances understanding by manipulates how depend enhanced topoisomerase activity R-loop formation. Furthermore, strategies manipulate utilized high-risk compared with those used other exhibit similarities distinct differences.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transcription-Coupled Repair and R-Loop Crosstalk in Genome Stability DOI Open Access

Jeseok Jeon,

Tae‐Hong Kang

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3744 - 3744

Published: April 16, 2025

Transcription-coupled repair (TCR) and R-loops are two interrelated processes critical to the maintenance of genome stability during transcription. TCR, a specialized sub-pathway nucleotide excision repair, rapidly removes transcription-blocking lesions from transcribed strand active genes, thereby safeguarding transcription fidelity cellular homeostasis. In contrast, R-loops, RNA–DNA hybrid structures formed co-transcriptionally, play not only regulatory roles in gene expression replication but can also contribute instability when persistently accumulated. Recent experimental evidence has revealed dynamic crosstalk between TCR R-loop resolution pathways. This review highlights current molecular insights into biology, discusses impact their crosstalk, explores emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing DNA reducing disease risk conditions such as cancer neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

0