α-Synuclein Iron-Responsive-Element RNA and Iron Regulatory Protein Affinity Is Specifically Reduced by Iron in Parkinson’s Disease

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 214 - 214

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and plays a significant role neuronal degeneration. Iron response proteins (IRPs) bind to iron elements (IREs) found 5′-untranslated regions (5′-UTRs) messenger RNA that encode α-Syn gene. This study used multi-spectroscopic approach techniques investigate impact on IRE binding IRP1. The formation stable complex between IRP1 was suggested by fluorescence quenching results. Fluorescence measurements showed had strong interaction, with constant (Ka) 21.0 × 106 M−1 1:1 stoichiometry. About one site per molecule binding. Ka for RNA•IRP1 added Fe2+ (50 μM) 6.4 μM−1. When added, reduced 3.3 times. These acquired values were further understand thermodynamic characteristics interactions. properties clearly an entropy-favored enthalpy-driven event, negative ΔH small positive ΔS. For RNA•IRP1, Gibbs free energy (ΔG) −43.7 ± 2.7 kJ/mol, but presence Fe2+, it −36.3 2.1 kJ/mol. calculations indicated hydrogen bonding as well van der Waals interactions might help stabilize formation. Additionally, far-UV CD spectra verified formation, induce secondary structural alteration According our findings, alters complexes induces change suggests selectively affects thermodynamics these RNA–protein

Language: Английский

Unveiling the Multifaceted Pharmacological Actions of Indole-3-Carbinol and Diindolylmethane: A Comprehensive Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 827 - 827

Published: March 6, 2025

Cruciferae family vegetables are remarkably high in phytochemicals such as Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and Diindolylmethane (DIM), which widely known nutritional supplements. I3C DIM have been studied extensively different types of cancers like breast, prostate, endometrial, colorectal, gallbladder, hepatic, cervical, well other tissues. In this review, we summarized the protective effects against cardiovascular, neurological, reproductive, metabolic, bone, respiratory, liver, immune diseases, infections, drug- radiation-induced toxicities. Experimental evidence suggests that offer protection due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, immunomodulatory, xenobiotic properties. Apart from beneficial effects, present review also discusses possible toxicities reported various preclinical investigations. So far, most reports about diseases only studies; emphasizes dire need for large-scale clinical trials on these human diseases. Further, in-depth research is required improve bioavailability two achieve desirable effects. Overall, our may become potential drug candidates combating dreadful

Language: Английский