Bioactive Compounds from Vegetal Organs of Taraxacum Species (Dandelion) with Biomedical Applications: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 450 - 450

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) is a perennial flowering plant of the Asteraceae family that has spread globally and well-known for its traditional uses. The aim this work to provide detailed review scientific literature on genus from last two decades, with particular emphasis biological pharmacological characteristics dandelions. use species their potential in medicine are assessed. In addition, individual papers describing principal pathways molecules modulated by antitumoral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities presented. This phytochemical studies reveals dandelions contain wide range bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, phytosterols, flavonoids, carotenoids, terpene, coumarins, whose actively explored various areas human health, some constituents having synergistic activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory anticancer activities. study provides screening sp. chemical composition, an assessment main properties, description relevant supporting dandelion particularly valuable diversified therapeutic different diseases.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of a Thermoresponsive In Situ Hydrogel Loaded with Nanotriphala: Implications for Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Therapy in Nasal Disorders

Gels, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 106 - 106

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in chronic nasal disorders, contributing to inflammation, tissue damage, and impaired mucosal function, highlighting the need for targeted therapies. Recent advancements drug delivery systems have expanded their applications treating respiratory inflammatory conditions. Among these, hydrogel-based offer prolonged release of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), enhancing therapeutic efficacy reducing dosing frequency. This study initially evaluates antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic properties Nanotriphala, followed by its incorporation into thermoresponsive situ hydrogel system, which was subsequently developed characterized as novel formulation. Nanotriphala exhibited >90% cell viability significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) levels 40.55 µg/mL at 250 µg/mL. The key parameters, including viscosity, gelling time, pH, temperature, texture analysis, ex vivo spreadability. Stability assessed under various conditions, mutagenicity antimutagenicity were evaluated using Ames test. Results showed that gelled 34 °C, good spreadability (10.25 ± 0.28 cm), viscosity 227 22 cP, maintained pH 5.75 0.01, with optimal hardness adhesiveness suitable application. It demonstrated antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, epidermidis minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) 32, 2, 4, 8 µg/mL, respectively, low (mutagenic index < 2) strong antimutagenic (>60%). gallic acid content 0.5796 0.0218 µg/100 mL. studies confirmed storage 4 °C. These findings suggest loaded is promising system managing oxidative related

Language: Английский

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Role of Lipopolysaccharides in the Inflammation and Pyroptosis of Alveolar Epithelial Cells in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 5855 - 5869

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represent a spectrum of common critical conditions characterized by damage death alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). Pyroptosis is form programmed cell with inflammatory characteristics, activation pyroptosis markers has been observed in AECs patients ALI/ARDS. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) possess strong pro-inflammatory effects are crucial pathological factor leading to ALI animals. In LPS-induced models, undergo pyroptosis. However, physiologically pathologically relevant concentrations LPS lead minor on AEC viability minimal induction cytokine release vitro do not induce classical Nevertheless, can enter the cytoplasm directly non-classical when assisted extracellular vesicles from bacteria, HMGB1, pathogens. this review, we have explored concerning inflammation, viability, pyroptosis, analyzing key factors that influence actions. Notably, highlight intricate response within framework ARDS, emphasizing variable Despite vitro, under specific conditions, presenting potential pathways for therapeutic intervention. Collectively, understanding these mechanisms development targeted treatments mitigate responses ALI/ARDS, thereby enhancing patient outcomes severe conditions.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Migratory Effects of Morin on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis via Inhibition of NLRP3/MAPK Signaling Pathway

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 103 - 103

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a persistently low five-year survival rate only 14–17%. High rates metastasis contribute significantly to poor prognosis NSCLC, in which inflammation plays an important role by enhancing tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Targeting inflammatory pathways within cells may thus represent promising strategy for inhibiting NSCLC This study evaluated anti-inflammatory anti-metastatic properties morin, bioactive compound derived from Thai medicinal herb, focusing on its effects NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated vitro model. The A549 H1299 cell lines were stimulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activate pathway. inhibition exhibited morin reducing pro-inflammatory secretion LPS- ATP-stimulated assessed ELISA, while wound healing trans-well invasion assays impact migration invasion. RT-qPCR measurement quantified expression genes, zymography Western blotting used examine changes invasive protein levels, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings demonstrated significant ability decrease production IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05), as well suppress Morin downregulated proteins (MMP-2, MMP-9, u-PAR, u-PA, MT1-MMP) EMT markers (fibronectin, N-cadherin, vimentin) 0.01) also mRNA levels NLRP3, IL-6. Mechanistic investigations revealed that suppressed inflammasome activity inactivated MAPK pathways. Specifically, it decreased ASC reduced caspase-1 activity, phosphorylation ERK, JNK, p38 proteins. Collectively, these suggest morin’s inactivation pathway could offer novel therapeutic counteracting pro-tumorigenic metastatic progression NSCLC.

Language: Английский

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Safety Evaluation for Acute and Chronic Oral Toxicity of Maha Pigut Triphala Contains Three Medicinal Fruits in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1005 - 1005

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Maha Pigut Triphala is the herbal mixture of three fruits consisting T. bellirica, chebula, and E. officinalis also known as P. emblica. Humans regularly eat fresh these plants on a daily basis. one widely medicinal formulas used in traditional Thai medicine. Besides studying pharmacological properties, attention should be paid to safety toxicity studies medicines. The objective present study was evaluate acute chronic oral (2:1:3) Sprague-Dawley rats. A single dose at concentration 5000 mg/kg body weight administered orally female rats study. In study, male were treated with various concentrations (600, 1200, 2400 weight) once for 270 consecutive days. presence abnormalities symptoms behavior observed recorded throughout experiment. Additionally, weight, organ mortality recorded. At end blood samples collected hematological chemistry analysis, while internal organs evaluated gross pathological histopathological changes. revealed no abnormal or Triphala-treated Moreover, findings did not reveal any organs. evaluation, although there negligible changes parameters days, behavioral observed. Overall, results this demonstrate that neither causes nor rats, proposing formula animals prior human trials use.

Language: Английский

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Thermosensitive In Situ Ophthalmic Gel for Effective Local Delivery and Antifungal Activity of Ketoconazole Nanoparticles

Gels, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 13 - 13

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Fungal keratitis is a severe ocular infection caused by pathogenic fungi, leading to potential vision loss if untreated. Current antifungal treatments face limitations such as low solubility, poor corneal penetration, and limited therapeutic options. This study aimed develop thermosensitive in situ gel incorporating ketoconazole nanoparticles (NPs) enhance drug stability, activity. Ketoconazole NPs were prepared using the solvent displacement method, achieving particle size of 198.25 ± 27.51 nm, encapsulation efficiency 94.08 0.51%, polydispersity index 0.42 0.08, positive zeta value +10.08 0.19 mV. The exhibited sustained zero-order release kinetics. optimized incorporated into poloxamer-based gel, demonstrating gelation temperature 34.67 0.58 °C shortest time. formulation provided 5-fold increase solubility 10-fold improvement compared pure ketoconazole. Stability studies confirmed retained its physicochemical rheological properties for three months under various storage conditions. showed release, effective activity against Malassezia furfur, good tolerability, suggesting it promising alternative treating fungal with improved bioavailability patient compliance.

Language: Английский

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