Journal of Applied Research on Science and Technology (JARST),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 4, 2025
Various
agricultural
waste
materials,
such
as
cassava
stems,
pineapple
leaves,
banana
peels,
and
corn
pulp,
were
developed
into
natural
biodegradable
packaging,
adding
value
to
the
waste.
Hence,
this
research
aimed
develop
biocomposites
inspect
their
mechanical
physical
properties.
Fresh
galangal
root
was
washed
dried
at
80°C
for
12
hours
then
ground
achieve
a
particle
size
of
250
microns
(GR250)
400
(GR400).
Then,
they
mixed
with
PBS
ratio
PBS:
GR250
80:20
wt.%.
Later,
mixtures
passed
through
extruder,
plastic
strands
obtained.
these
shredded
small
pellets
called
biocomposite
pellets.
These
formed
by
heat
150°C
5
minutes
under
pressure
10
MPa
obtain
specimens.
assessed
properties
(tensile
strength,
impact
flexural
strength).
Also,
(water
absorption,
density,
morphology,
percentage
degradation)
performed.
The
results
could
imply
that
GR400
PBS-based
cause
reductions
in
structural
integrity
elasticity.
PBS/GR
would
assert
less
force.
reflect
PBS/GR250
PBS/GR400
had
more
ability
resist
bending
stresses
than
neat
PBS.
tended
degrade
faster,
supported
microstructure
observation
lower
density
compared
PBS/GR250.
It
be
concluded
added
developing
based-biocomposite.
Galangal
can
produce
food
containers
stresses.
Biocomposite
have
property
environmentally
friendly
aspects.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(23), P. 5062 - 5062
Published: Nov. 22, 2022
The
application
of
mulch
films
for
preserving
soil
moisture
and
preventing
weed
growth
has
been
a
part
agricultural
practice
decades.
Different
materials
have
used
as
films,
but
polyethylene
plastic
considered
most
effective
due
to
its
excellent
mechanical
strength,
low
cost
ability
act
barrier
sunlight
water.
However,
use
carries
risk
pollution
health
hazards,
hence
new
laws
passed
replace
it
completely
with
other
over
the
next
few
years.
Research
find
out
about
biodegradable
polymers
this
purpose
gained
impetus
in
past
years,
driven
by
regulations
United
Nations
Organization’s
Sustainable
Development
Goals.
primary
requisite
these
is
biodegradability
under
natural
climatic
conditions
without
production
any
toxic
residual
compounds.
Therefore,
developed
from
fossil
fuels,
microorganisms,
animals
plants
are
viable
options
using
mulching
material.
solution
not
simple
since
each
polymer
different
properties
compromise
be
made
terms
film.
This
review
discusses
history
materials,
gradual
evolution
choice
process
biodegradation
regarding
material
used,
types
that
can
explored
potential
future
prospects
area.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Jan. 12, 2023
Petro-plastic
wastes
cause
serious
environmental
contamination
that
require
effective
solutions.
Developing
alternatives
to
petro-plastics
and
exploring
feasible
degrading
methods
are
two
solving
routes.
Bio-plastics
like
polyhydroxyalkanoates
(PHAs),
polylactic
acid
(PLA),
polycaprolactone
(PCL),
poly
(butylene
succinate)
(PBS),
(ethylene
furanoate)
s
(PEFs)
(PES)
have
emerged
as
promising
alternatives.
Meanwhile,
biodegradation
plays
important
roles
in
recycling
plastics
(e.g.,
bio-plastics
PHAs,
PLA,
PCL,
PBS,
PEFs
PES)
terephthalate)
(PET)
plasticizers
phthalate
esters,
PAEs).
All
these
bio-
petro-materials
show
structure
similarity
by
connecting
monomers
through
ester
bond.
Thus,
this
review
focused
on
summarized
the
sequences
structures
of
microbial
enzymes
catalyzing
ester-bond
synthesis.
Most
synthetic
belonged
α/β-hydrolases
with
conserved
serine
catalytic
active
site
catalyzed
polymerization
forming
For
enzymatic
plastic
degradation,
about
PEFs,
PES
PET
were
discussed,
most
also
α/β
hydrolases
a
residue
serine,
nucleophilically
attacked
bond
substrate
generate
cleavage
backbone.
Enzymes
hydrolysis
representative
plasticizer
PAEs
divided
into
three
types
(I,
II,
III).
Type
I
hydrolyzed
only
one
PAEs,
type
II
mono-ester
phthalates,
III
di-ester
bonds
PAEs.
Divergences
mechanisms
among
still
unclear.
This
provided
references
for
producing
bio-plastics,
or
from
an
point
view.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(5), P. 1212 - 1212
Published: Feb. 28, 2023
Sea
and
environmental
pollution
due
to
microplastics
are
global
problems
that
in
recent
years
have
attracted
particular
interest
the
scientific
community.
The
increase
world
population
consequent
consumerism
of
non-reusable
materials
amplifying
these
problems.
In
this
manuscript,
we
present
novel
bioplastics,
which
completely
biodegradable,
for
their
potential
use
food
packaging,
replace
fossil-fuel-derived
plastic
films
slow
degradation
oxidative
processes
or
microbial
contamination.
study,
thin
based
on
polybutylene
succinate
(PBS)
were
prepared
reduce
pollution,
different
percentages
by
weight
(1,
2
3
wt%)
extra
virgin
olive
oil
(EVO)
coconut
(CO)
included
improve
chemico-physical
properties
polymer
possibly
functionality
terms
prolonged
preservation.
Attenuated
total
reflectance
Fourier
transform
infrared
(ATR/FTIR)
spectroscopy
was
used
evaluate
interactions
between
oil.
Furthermore,
mechanical
thermal
behavior
evaluated
as
a
function
content.
A
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM)
micrograph
showed
surface
morphology
thickness
materials.
Finally,
apple
kiwi
selected
food-contact
test,
wrapped
sliced
fruit
monitored
12
days
macroscopically
process
and/or
eventually
occurring
shown
browning
oxidation,
no
molds
evidenced
up
10/12
observation
with
addition
PBS,
wt%
EVO
achieving
best
outcomes.
Green Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4934 - 4974
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Bio-based
and
petroleum-based
biodegradable
coatings:
materials,
methods,
modifications
to
improve
the
performance
of
polymeric
substrates
for
plastic
paper-based
food
packaging
applications.
Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
355, P. 141749 - 141749
Published: March 21, 2024
Plastic
pollution
has
become
a
major
global
concern,
posing
numerous
challenges
for
the
environment
and
wildlife.
Most
conventional
ways
of
plastics
degradation
are
inefficient
cause
great
damage
to
ecosystems.
The
development
biodegradable
offers
promising
solution
waste
management.
These
designed
break
down
under
various
conditions,
opening
up
new
possibilities
mitigate
negative
impact
traditional
plastics.
Microbes,
including
bacteria
fungi,
play
crucial
role
in
bioplastics
by
producing
secreting
extracellular
enzymes,
such
as
cutinase,
lipases,
proteases.
However,
these
microbial
enzymes
sensitive
extreme
environmental
temperature
acidity,
affecting
their
functions
stability.
To
address
challenges,
scientists
have
employed
protein
engineering
immobilization
techniques
enhance
enzyme
stability
predict
structures.
Strategies
improving
substrate
interaction,
increasing
thermostability,
reinforcing
bonding
between
active
site
substrate,
refining
activity
being
utilized
boost
functionality.
Recently,
bioengineering
through
gene
cloning
expression
potential
microorganisms,
revolutionized
biodegradation
bioplastics.
This
review
aimed
discuss
most
recent
strategies
modifying
bioplastic-degrading
terms
functionality,
thermostability
enhancement,
binding
site,
with
other
improvement
surface
action.
Additionally,
discovered
exoenzymes
metagenomics
were
emphasized.
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(4), P. 361 - 387
Published: July 13, 2023
Conventional
plastics
exacerbate
climate
change
by
generating
substantial
amounts
of
greenhouse
gases
and
solid
wastes
throughout
their
lifecycle.
To
address
the
environmental
economic
challenges
associated
with
petroleum-based
plastics,
bioplastics
have
emerged
as
a
viable
alternative.
Bioplastics
are
type
plastic
that
either
biobased,
biodegradable,
or
both.
Due
to
biodegradability
renewability,
established
earth-friendly
materials
can
replace
nonrenewable
plastics.
However,
early
bioplastic
development
has
been
hindered
higher
production
costs
inferior
mechanical
barrier
properties
compared
conventional
Nevertheless,
studies
shown
addition
additives
fillers
enhance
properties.
Recent
advancements
in
incorporated
special
like
antibacterial,
antifungal,
antioxidant
agents,
offering
added
values
unique
for
specific
applications
various
sectors.
For
instance,
integrating
antibacterial
into
enables
creation
active
food
packaging,
extending
shelf-life
inhibiting
spoilage-causing
bacteria
microorganisms.
Moreover,
be
applied
wound
dressings,
accelerating
healing
preventing
oxidative
damage
cells
tissues.
These
innovative
developments
offer
promising
opportunities
developing
sustainable
practical
solutions
fields.
Within
this
review
two
main
focuses:
an
outline
classifications
understand
how
they
fit
coveted
substitute
overview
recent
innovations
applications.
We
cover
use
different
polymers
additives,
presenting
findings
potential
within
last
decade.
Although
current
research
primarily
focuses
on
packaging
biomedicine,
exploration
specialized
is
still
its
stages,
wide
range
undiscovered
opportunities.
Membranes,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 500 - 500
Published: May 6, 2022
In
today’s
world,
the
problem
of
“white
pollution”
is
becoming
more
and
serious,
many
countries
have
paid
special
attention
to
this
problem,
it
has
become
one
most
important
tasks
reduce
polymer
waste
protect
environment.
Due
degradability,
safety,
economy
practicality
biodegradable
packaging
film
materials,
materials
a
major
trend
in
industry
replace
traditional
provided
that
performance
requirements
are
met.
This
paper
reviews
degradation
mechanisms
characteristics
such
as
photodegradation,
hydrodegradation,
thermo-oxidative
biodegradation,
focuses
on
research
progress
modification
summarizes
some
challenges
bottlenecks
current
materials.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(4), P. 1049 - 1049
Published: Feb. 20, 2023
Biodegradable
polymers
offer
a
promising
alternative
to
the
global
plastic
problems
and
especially
in
last
decade,
microplastics
problems.
For
first
time,
samples
of
poly(butylene
succinate)
(PBSu)
biocomposites
containing
1,
2.5,
5
wt%
biochar
(BC)
were
prepared
by
situ
polymerization
via
two-stage
melt
polycondensation
procedure.
BC
was
used
as
filler
for
PBSu
improve
its
mechanical
properties,
thermal
transitions,
biodegradability.
The
structure
synthesized
examined
1H
13C
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
(NMR)
X-Ray
diffraction
(XRD)
along
with
an
estimation
molecular
weights,
while
differential
scanning
calorimetry
(DSC)
light
flash
analysis
(LFA)
also
employed
record
transitions
evaluate
conductivity,
respectively.
It
found
that
amount
does
not
affect
weight
biocomposites.
fine
dispersion
BC,
well
increase
content
polymeric
matrix,
significantly
improves
tensile
impact
strengths.
DSC
results
showed
facilitates
crystallization
Due
latter,
mild
systematic
diffusivity
conductivity
recorded
indicating
is
conductive
material.
mobility
PBSu,
local
segmental,
change
biocomposites,
whereas
seems
cause
overall
dielectric
permittivity.
Finally,
it
enzymatic
hydrolysis
degradation
rate
increased
increasing
content.