Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Perú ...
Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 370, P. 133479 - 133479
Published: Aug. 12, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
96
Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 309, P. 136621 - 136621
Published: Oct. 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
39
Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Pakistan is blessed with abundant water resources but facing a critical shortage due to lack of storage facilities, poor governance, and the adverse impacts climate change. The burgeoning population at present 225 million, which expected cross 250 million by 2025 creating an additional burden on resources, as per capita availability depleting sharply from 5,000 m3 in 1951 1,100 2005, fall 800 2025. Pakistan’s demand increasing average yearly rate 10% terms area will increase 338 km3 2025, against 240–258 km3. Out available surface water, approximately 74% extracted, while 83% groundwater used for agricultural other uses, exceptionally high ratio water-scarce country like Pakistan. change are also causing extreme weather conditions, resulting drought floods almost every year. Inadequate reservoirs, wastage agriculture households, negligible wastewater recycling, contamination drinking health risks that have turned serious national security challenges This research article argues subsurface sharply, if not addressed time, has potential becoming biggest problem. investigates status covering detail, including reservoirs storage, sectoral utilization, draw conclusions usage requirement. policy recommendations highlight effective integration smart technology addressing multidimensional issues efficient governance ensuring sustainable development
Language: Английский
Citations
33
Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. e15807 - e15807
Published: April 28, 2023
In this study, saponins extracted from leaves and stem bark of Jatropha curcas L. were investigated for surface-active properties. Conductivity surface tension measurements revealed the micellar character J. saponin, with average CMC, determined to be 0.50 g/L 0.75 leaf respectively. Stem saponin reduced water a greater extent (γCMC= 37.65 mN/m) compared 49.27 indicating its efficient activity potential detergency. pH measurement confirmed weakly acidic nature value lying slightly below range suitable hair skin. showed better cleaning ability, foaming ability foam stability than due sufficient reduction in water. The results obtained suggest that both can used as environmentally friendly alternatives synthetic surfactants.
Language: Английский
Citations
29
Energies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 3381 - 3381
Published: May 6, 2022
The environmental context causes the use of renewable energy to increase, with aim finding alternatives fossil-based products such as fuels. Biodiesel, an alternative diesel, is now a well-developed solution, and its production from resources makes it perfectly suitable in context. In addition, biodegradable, non-toxic has low greenhouse gas emissions: reduced about 85% compared diesel. However, feedstock used produce biodiesel competes agriculture application chemical reactions not advantageous “green” process. Therefore, this review focuses only on bioprocesses currently taking important place allow high yields, above 90%, very few produced impurities. waste oils feedstock, which accounts for 10% feedstocks biodiesel, avoids competition agriculture. To present complete life-cycle review, second part will focus valorization by-product, glycerol. About glycerol generated during so should be recovered value-added products, always based bioprocesses. This also existing techniques extract purify end, collection CO2 combustion presents steps using “greener” possible processes.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Wear, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 486-487, P. 204104 - 204104
Published: Sept. 17, 2021
Language: Английский
Citations
30
NUST Journal of International Peace and Stability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 30 - 47
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Water security has emerged as the greatest concern for Pakistan. Despite being endowed with abundant water resources, country is steadily heading towards a severe crisis due to excessive exploitation and widespread mismanagement. In past, issues pertaining were largely neglected, paving way its transformation into an existential threat alarming consequences The combination of inadequate availability, deteriorating quality, rising demand, compounded pressures climate change population growth underscores severity this crisis. This research examines Pakistan’s critical challenges explores potential future risks. study grounded in theoretical framework ‘water security’, methodology used STEEPLE Analysis foreground multifarious key factors behind burgeoning insecurity It argues that stems from complex interplay interconnected social, political, economic factors, each far-reaching implications. To address crisis, advocates urgent effective implementation Integrated Resources Management (IWRM) approach.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Journal of Economic Impact, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 122 - 131
Published: April 30, 2022
Oil products play a dynamic role in the overall energy domain because it supports country-wide transport, industries, and households. The oil market most countries is deregulated provides free access to every organization or independent player. Some of them have followed this policy from very beginning, while others strategy regarding deregulation at later stage. In Pakistan, there usual tug war between Government authorities Marketing Companies (OMCs) concerning decision setting prices. This exploratory study aims assess prospects prices point view stockholders (OMCs). Data gathered through interviews professional stakeholders who are working supply chain department downstream petroleum sector thematic analysis method was used analyze data. As per data obtained interviewees, both advantages disadvantages petroleum. Advantages like low products, positive impact on economy, opportunities for new entrants, creation jobs. While oligopoly created by mafias, failure system, dumping fuel, increase cross border smuggling. major barriers Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) political forces, facilitators foreign direct investment high tax collection Government. must be done immediately pass benefits reduced appropriate besides their availability city country. should also promote bulk import storage so that companies get possible economic ordering
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 616 - 663
Published: Nov. 20, 2022
Abstract In a world where fossil fuels are running out, biofuels one of the best green energy alternatives to made from petroleum due their environmentally beneficial qualities and low cost in comparison with non‐renewable fuels. Biofuels produced cheap renewable sources stored these biomasses can be assimilated create sustainable electricity or heat, which then exploited meet current future societal needs numerous situations. However, production on an industrial scale takes lot time because constraints placed currently available technology increased costs that go along them. Moreover, processes utilized transform various feedstocks into desired output also vary based materials techniques employed. The supply biofuel is large, improved processing, we could significantly lower our reliance this context, use nanoparticles (NPs) commendable solution present problems biomass use, especially given cost. unique nanomaterials, such as excellent catalytic properties, high surface area‐to‐volume ratio, remarkable selectivity, reusability make them admirable tools for boosting generation. This review predominantly focuses contributions nanotechnology immobilization methodologies accelerating might fill research gap, was previously limited by relatively efficiency traditional © 2022 Society Chemical Industry John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 3 - 32
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
3