The 2023 terahertz science and technology roadmap

Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(22), P. 223001 - 223001

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Abstract Terahertz (THz) radiation encompasses a wide spectral range within the electromagnetic spectrum that extends from microwaves to far infrared (100 GHz–∼30 THz). Within its frequency boundaries exist broad variety of scientific disciplines have presented, and continue present, technical challenges researchers. During past 50 years, for instance, demands community substantially evolved with need advanced instrumentation support radio astronomy, Earth observation, weather forecasting, security imaging, telecommunications, non-destructive device testing much more. Furthermore, applications required an emergence technology laboratory environment production-scale supply in-the-field deployments ranging harsh ground-based locations deep space. In addressing these requirements, research development has related bridged transition between electronics photonics high operation demands. The multidisciplinary nature THz work was our stimulus creating 2017 Science Technology Roadmap (Dhillon et al J. Phys. D: Appl. 043001). As one might envisage, though, there remains explore both scientifically technically field continued develop expand rapidly. It is timely, therefore, revise previous roadmap in this 2023 version we provide update on key developments established areas important public benefit, highlight new emerging show particular promise. describe thus span fundamental research, such as astronomy emergent area quantum optics, highly applied commercially societally impactful subjects include 6G communications, medical climate monitoring prediction. Our vision draws upon expertise perspective multiple international specialists together overview likely facing science future decades. document written form accessible policy makers who wish gain current state art, non-specialist curious understand available challenges. A such, experts deliver ‘snapshot’ introduction status suggestions exciting directions. Ultimately, intend portray advantages benefits domain stimulate further exploration commercial realisation.

Language: Английский

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From Terahertz Imaging to Terahertz Wireless Communications

Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 106 - 124

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Terahertz (THz) technology is probably best known to the public as a powerful tool for imaging, since it has been applied in security and medical scanning, resulting numerous impressive images that would be unobtainable using other technologies. With roll-out of 5G mobile networks, research into 6G wireless communications heating up. It envisioned THz will used future communications. In this paper, we review how employed imaging communications, identify state-of-the-art developments field, then examine compare common devices issues both applications. The possibility integrating imaging/sensing considered, challenges perspectives are presented discussed. shown indeed key enabling future.

Language: Английский

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Advances in terahertz technology for cancer detection applications

Optical and Quantum Electronics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(2)

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Terahertz Imaging and Sensing for Healthcare: Current Status and Future Perspectives

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 18590 - 18619

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

There is a keen interest in the exploration of new generation emitters and detectors due to advancements innovation materials device processing technologies which have opened up frontiers Terahertz (THz) spectrum. Therefore, it necessary review developments THz technology for healthcare applications, their impact, implications prospects ongoing research development. This paper provides broad overview current status application imaging sensing domain. We present knowledge, identify existing challenges wide scale clinical adoption systems prospective opinions facilitate development towards optimized miniaturized biosensors that provide real operational convenience through emerging trends. Firstly, we an techniques exploit properties detection with emphasis on terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) Metamaterials. The mechanisms tissue image contrast biomedical applications particular, cancer reported. Secondly, outlook toward interface 4.0 its enabling explored next smart connected systems. Third, merits suggest pave way future research. Further, discuss recent advances contribution near-field based plasmonic, resonance metasurfaces, waveguides etc. breaking diffraction limit are convenient point care. bring researchers roadmap scope.

Language: Английский

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Graphene and Gold Metasurface-Based Terahertz Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Explosive Detection

Plasmonics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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A High-Power Terahertz Source Over 10 mW at 0.45 THz Using an Active Antenna Array With Integrated Patch Antennas and Resonant-Tunneling Diodes

IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 510 - 519

Published: June 8, 2022

We propose a compact, high-power, and high-directivity surface-emitting terahertz (THz) source based on an array of active antennas with integrated patch resonant-tunneling diodes (RTDs). An configuration antennas, each antenna two RTDs coupled by microstrip lines, enables spatial power combining improves directivity through coherent oscillation. confirmed maximum radiation 11.8 mW in prototype 6 × at oscillation frequency 0.45 THz. Parasitic low frequencies was suppressed use bias stabilization circuit consisting series-connected resistors capacitors, the dc to RF efficiency this device estimated be approximately 1%. The radiant intensity 210 mW/sr 3-dB beamwidth 13° for measured that improved mutual injection locking. capable surface emission can controlled only number even if there is no secondary radiator, such as Si lens. obtained results suggest are promising practical THz sources realizing applications imaging 6G communication.

Language: Английский

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Terahertz structured light: nonparaxial Airy imaging using silicon diffractive optics

Light Science & Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Structured light - electromagnetic waves with a strong spatial inhomogeneity of amplitude, phase, and polarization has occupied far-reaching positions in both optical research applications. Terahertz (THz) waves, due to recent innovations photonics nanotechnology, became so robust that it was not only implemented wide variety applications such as communications, spectroscopic analysis, non-destructive imaging, but also served low-cost easily implementable experimental platform for novel concept illustration. In this work, we show structured nonparaxial THz the form Airy, Bessel, Gaussian beams can be generated compact way using exclusively silicon diffractive optics prepared by femtosecond laser ablation technology. The accelerating nature is demonstrated via imaging objects partially obscured an opaque beam block. Unlike conventional paraxial approaches, when combination lens cubic phase (or amplitude) mask creates nondiffracting Airy beam, demonstrate simultaneous lensless generation its application system. Images single objects, controllable placed obstacle, stacked graphene layers are presented, revealing hence potential approach inspect quality 2D materials. illumination investigated theoretically experimentally appropriate extensive benchmarks. consistently outperforms one resolution contrast, thus opening new frontiers inverse scattering problems, enables sophisticated estimates properties structures.

Language: Английский

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Terahertz Detection with Graphene FETs: Photothermoelectric and Resistive Self-Mixing Contributions to the Detector Response

ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 2197 - 2212

Published: March 27, 2024

Field-effect transistors coupled to integrated antennas [terahertz field-effect (TeraFETs)] are photodetectors being actively developed for the terahertz (THz) frequency range (∼100 GHz–10 THz). Among them, graphene TeraFETs (G-TeraFETs) have demonstrated distinctive photoresponse features compared those made from elementary semiconductors. For instance, previous studies shown that G-TeraFETs exhibit a THz response comprises two components: resistive self-mixing (RSM) and photothermoelectric effect (PTE). The RSM PTE arise carrier density oscillations heating, respectively. In this work, we confirm can be considered combination of PTE, with dominant rectification mechanism at higher frequencies. our chemical vapor deposited (CVD) asymmetric antenna coupling, dominates over frequencies above 100 GHz. We find relative contribution is strongly frequency-dependent. Electromagnetic wave simulations show behavior due change in total dissipated power between gated ungated channel regions G-TeraFET as increases. also indicate length which contributes below gate electrode approximately same electronic cooling length. Finally, identify attributed contact doping close metal contacts. Our detectors achieve minimum optical noise-equivalent 101 (114) pW/√Hz (symmetric) coupling conditions 400 This work demonstrates how used optimize responsivity G-TeraFETs.

Language: Английский

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Light Engineering and Silicon Diffractive Optics Assisted Nonparaxial Terahertz Imaging

Laser & Photonics Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(5)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Abstract The art of light engineering unveils a world possibilities through the meticulous manipulation photonic properties such as intensity, phase, and polarization. Precision control over these finds application in variety fields spanning communications, light–matter interactions, laser direct writing, imaging. Terahertz (THz) range, nestled between microwaves infrared light, stands out for its remarkable ability to propagate with minimal losses numerous dielectric materials compounds, making THz imaging powerful tool noninvasive inspection. In this study, rational framework design optimal assembly nonparaxial systems is established. research centered on lensless composed solely high‐resistivity silicon‐based elements Fresnel zone plate, Fibonacci lens, Bessel axicon, Airy all fabricated using ablation technology. Through comprehensive examination illumination scattered collection from raster‐scanned samples single‐pixel detector scheme, are evaluated via diverse metrics including contrast, resolution, depth field, focus. These findings chart an exciting course toward development compact user‐friendly where sensors optical seamlessly integrate into single chip.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive survey: The role of terahertz communication systems in urban infrastructure development

Measurement, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117318 - 117318

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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