Plants’ Physio-Biochemical and Phyto-Hormonal Responses to Alleviate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress: A Comprehensive Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(13), P. 1620 - 1620

Published: June 21, 2022

Water, a necessary component of cell protoplasm, plays an essential role in supporting life on Earth; nevertheless, extreme changes climatic conditions limit water availability, causing numerous issues, such as the current water-scarce regimes many regions biome. This review aims to collect data from various published studies literature understand and critically analyze plants’ morphological, growth, yield, physio-biochemical responses drought stress their potential modulate nullify damaging effects via activating natural physiological biochemical mechanisms. In addition, described breakthroughs understanding how plant hormones influence phytohormonal interaction through signaling under regimes. The information for this was systematically gathered different global search engines scientific databases Science Direct, including Google Scholar, Web Science, related studies, books, articles. Drought is significant obstacle meeting food demand world’s constantly growing population. Plants cope with cellular osmotic potential, activation defense systems form antioxidant enzymes accumulation osmolytes proteins, proline, glycine betaine, phenolic compounds, soluble sugars. Phytohormones developmental processes networks, which aid acclimating plants biotic abiotic challenges and, consequently, survival. Significant progress has been made jasmonates, salicylic acid, ethylene identifying important components roles stress. Other hormones, abscisic auxin, gibberellic brassinosteroids, peptide have linked pathways ways.

Language: Английский

---

Biochar as a tool for effective management of drought and heavy metal toxicity

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 271, P. 129458 - 129458

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria in Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Drought on Plants

Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 520 - 520

Published: June 11, 2021

Plant growth-promoting bacteria play an essential role in enhancing the physical, chemical and biological characters of soils by facilitating nutrient uptake water flow, especially under abiotic stress conditions, which are major constrains to agricultural development production. Drought is one most harmful perhaps severe problem facing sustainability, leading a shortage crop productivity. affects plant growth causing hormonal membrane stability perturbations, imbalance physiological disorders. Furthermore, drought causes remarkable decrease leaf numbers, relative content, sugar yield, root chlorophyll b ascorbic acid concentrations. However, concentrations total phenolic compounds, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, amounts proline, reactive oxygen species considerably increased because stress. This negative impact can be eliminated using (PGPB). Under application PGPB improve adjusting balance, maintaining status producing regulators. positively biochemical characteristics, resulting photosynthetic pigments acid. Conversely, leakage compounds decreased presence PGPB. The current review gives overview on plants pivotal mitigating effects antioxidant defense systems increasing yield sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

---

Silicon Foliar Application Mitigates Salt Stress in Sweet Pepper Plants by Enhancing Water Status, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Fruit Yield

Plants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 733 - 733

Published: June 10, 2020

Silicon is one of the most significant elements in plants under abiotic stress, so we investigated role silicon alleviation detrimental effects salinity at two concentrations (1500 and 3000 ppm sodium chloride) sweet pepper seasons (2018 2019). Our results indicated that relative water content, chlorophyll a b, nitrogen, phosphorus potassium contents, number fruits plant−1, fruit fresh weight plant−1 (g) yield (ton hectare−1) significantly decreased salt-stressed as compared to control plants. In addition, electrolyte leakage, proline, lipid peroxidation, superoxide (O2−) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, soluble sugars, sucrose, starch content well increased conditions. Conversely, foliar application led improvements b mineral nutrients, status, Furthermore, levels superoxide, were with treatments.

Language: Английский

---

Beneficial Effects of Biochar and Chitosan on Antioxidative Capacity, Osmolytes Accumulation, and Anatomical Characters of Water-Stressed Barley Plants

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 630 - 630

Published: April 29, 2020

The impact of biochar and chitosan on barley plants under drought stress conditions was investigated during two field experiments. Our results confirmed that negatively affected morphological physiological growth traits such as plant height, number leaves, chlorophyll concentrations, relative water content. However, electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble sugars, sucrose starch contents significantly increased a response to stress. Additionally, 1000 grain weight, grains yield ha−1 biological decreased in stressed plants, also anatomical upper epidermis, lower lamina, mesophyll tissue thickness well vascular bundle diameter flag leaves compared with control. use led significant increases concentrations content; nevertheless these treatments decreases (EL%) (MDA) the plants. Moreover, characters were improved application chitosan. proved significance alleviating damaging impacts

Language: Английский

---

Abiotic Stress in Crop Production

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6603 - 6603

Published: April 1, 2023

The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce yields. Understanding the mechanisms plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part sustainable agriculture. In review, we focus on current findings in resistance to four cardinal stressors-drought, heat, salinity, low temperatures. Apart from description newly discovered signaling stress, review also focuses importance primary secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, phytohormones. A meta-analysis transcriptomic studies concerning model Arabidopsis demonstrates long-observed phenomenon stressors induce different signals effects at level gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most still be traced. analysis further reveals transcriptional modulation Golgi-targeted proteins response heat stress. Our highlights several are similarly regulated all conditions. These support central role phytohormones response, some these has not yet been studied. Finally, provides information about major European crop plants-wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, apples.

Language: Английский

---

Evaluation of Silicon and Proline Application on the Oxidative Machinery in Drought-Stressed Sugar Beet

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 398 - 398

Published: March 6, 2021

Drought stress deleteriously affects growth, development and productivity in plants. So, we examined the silicon effect (2 mmol) proline (10 individually or combination (Si + proline) alleviating harmful of drought on total phenolic compounds, reactive oxygen species (ROS), chlorophyll concentration antioxidant enzymes as well yield parameters drought-stressed sugar beet plants during 2018/2019 2019/2020 seasons. Our findings indicated that root diameter length (cm), shoot fresh weights (g plant−1) significantly decreased under drought. Relative water content (RWC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) potassium (K) contents (Chl) considerably reduced stressed compared with control both Nonetheless, lipid peroxidation (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) superoxide (O2●−) elevated signals Drought-stressed showed an increase accumulation, compounds up-regulation catalase (CAT) dismutase (SOD) activity to mitigate effects. Si increased yield, sucrose%, Chl RWC, MDA EL were remarkably reduced. The treatments led adjust CAT SOD We concluded application improve resistance by regulating proline, enzymes, improving Nitrogen, Phosphorus Potassium (NPK) parameters.

Language: Английский

---

Proline Alleviates Abiotic Stress Induced Oxidative Stress in Plants

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(8), P. 4629 - 4651

Published: Oct. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

---

How to Cope with the Challenges of Environmental Stresses in the Era of Global Climate Change: An Update on ROS Stave off in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 1995 - 1995

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

With the advent of human civilization and anthropogenic activities in shade urbanization global climate change, plants are exposed to a complex set abiotic stresses. These stresses affect plants’ growth, development, yield cause enormous crop losses worldwide. In this alarming scenario conditions, respond such through highly balanced finely tuned interaction between signaling molecules. The initiate quick release reactive oxygen species (ROS) as toxic by-products altered aerobic metabolism during different stress conditions at cellular level. ROS includes both free radicals {superoxide (O2•−) hydroxyl (OH−)} well non-radicals [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) singlet (1O2)]. can be generated scavenged cell organelles cytoplasm depending on type stimulus. At high concentrations, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, protein oxidation, necrosis, but low moderate they play crucial role secondary messengers intracellular cascades. Because their concentration-dependent dual role, huge number molecules tightly control level cells. have evolved antioxidants scavenging machinery equipped with enzymes maintain equilibrium production detoxification stress. present article, we focused current insights generation Moreover, article will act knowledge base for new pivotal studies scavenging.

Language: Английский

---

Role of biostimulants in mitigating the effects of climate change on crop performance

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Climate change is a critical yield–limiting factor that has threatened the entire global crop production system in present scenario. The use of biostimulants agriculture shown tremendous potential combating climate change–induced stresses such as drought, salinity, temperature stress, etc. Biostimulants are organic compounds, microbes, or amalgamation both could regulate plant growth behavior through molecular alteration and physiological, biochemical, anatomical modulations. Their nature diverse due to varying composition bioactive they function various modes action. To generate successful biostimulatory action on crops under different parameters, multi– omics approach would be beneficial identify predict its outcome comprehensively. ‘ omics’ greatly helped us understand mode plants at cellular levels. acting messenger signal transduction resembling phytohormones other chemical compounds their cross–talk abiotic help design future management changing climate, thus, sustaining food security with finite natural resources. This review article elucidates strategic prospects mitigating adverse impacts harsh environmental conditions plants.

Language: Английский

---