Fungicides and bees: a review of exposure and risk

Environment International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 107311 - 107311

Published: May 19, 2022

Fungicides account for more than 35% of the global pesticide market and their use is predicted to increase in future. While fungicides are commonly applied during bloom when bees likely foraging on crops, whether real-world exposure these chemicals - alone or combination with other stressors constitutes a threat health still subject great uncertainty. The first step estimating risks understand how what extent exposed active ingredients. Here we review current knowledge that exists about experience field, link quantitative data acute chronic risk lethal endpoints honey (Apis mellifera). From 702 publications screened, 76 studies contained residue detections bee matrices, further 47 provided qualitative information range taxa through various routes. We compiled 90 metabolites have been detected honey, beebread, pollen, beeswax, bodies bees. posed by fungicide residues was estimated EPA Risk Quotient (RQ) approach. Based concentrations pollen/beebread, none reported exceeded levels concern (LOC) set regulatory agencies risk, while 3 12 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) LOC wild bees, respectively. When considering all most include many broad-spectrum systemic fungicides, as well widely used contact chlorothalonil. In addition providing detailed overview frequency environment, identified important research gaps suggest future directions move towards comprehensive understanding mitigation including synergistic co-exposure pesticides pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide mixtures detected in crop and non-target wild plant pollen and nectar

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 879, P. 162971 - 162971

Published: March 21, 2023

Cultivation of mass flowering entomophilous crops benefits from the presence managed and wild pollinators, who visit flowers to forage on pollen nectar. However, management these typically includes application pesticides, which may pose a hazard for pollinators foraging in an agricultural environment. To determine levels potential exposure their concentration nectar need assessing, both within beyond target crop plants. We selected ten pesticide compounds one metabolite analysed occurrence (Brassica napus) plant (Rubus fruticosus agg.), was field edges. Nectar plants were collected five spring winter sown B. napus fields Ireland, tested residues, using QuEChERS Liquid Chromatography tandem spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Pesticide residues detected Most detections with no recorded respective that year, but higher concentrations observed recently treated fields. Overall, more than plant, had highest mean residues. All matrices contaminated at least three compounds, most frequently fungicides. The common compound mixture comprised fungicides azoxystrobin, boscalid, neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin, not applied Our results indicate persistent like neonicotinoids, should be continuously monitored fate toxicological evaluation mixtures identified present study performed, impacts insects exposed them.

Language: Английский

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Urban Food Forests: Seeing the fruit for the trees - a Systematic Quantitative Literature Review and emerging research gaps

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 145358 - 145358

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Four Most Pathogenic Superfamilies of Insect Pests of Suborder Sternorrhyncha: Invisible Superplunderers of Plant Vitality

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 462 - 462

Published: May 13, 2023

Sternorrhyncha representatives are serious pests of agriculture and forestry all over the world, primarily causing damage to woody plants. members vectors for transfer a large number viral diseases, subsequently, host plant weakens. Additionally, many inherent in release honeydew, on which fungal diseases develop. Today, an innovative approach is needed create new effective ways control these insects based environmentally friendly insecticides. Of particular relevance such developments need take into account organisms living together with insect this group, including beneficial insects. Practically without changing their location plant, they adopted be more invisible protected due small size, symbiosis ants, ability camouflage leaf, moderately deplete plants others, rarely leading them death but still substantial economic loss subtropics tropics. Due lack presence literature, review fills pesky spot by examining (on example distinct species from four superfamilies) characteristic adaptations suborder chemical methods combating that allow survive various environmental conditions, suggesting highly promising using olinscides protection against members.

Language: Английский

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Effects of agricultural landscape structure, insecticide residues, and pollen diversity on the life-history traits of the red mason bee Osmia bicornis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 809, P. 151142 - 151142

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Agricultural landscapes have changed substantially in recent decades, shifting from the dominance of small fields (S) with diverse cropping systems toward large-scale monoculture (L), where landscape heterogeneity disappears. In this study, artificial nests red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, were placed S and L types on perimeter oilseed rape representing different coverages (ORC, % land cover). The local structure around each nest was characterised within a 100, 200, 500, 1000 m radius using ORC 14 characteristics, which then reduced by non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) to two axes: nMDS1 dataset primarily according fragmentation main crop, whereas nMDS2 captured prevalence more natural areas landscape. Pollen diversity insecticide risk levels pollen provisions collected bees analysed, their dependence tested. Thereafter, effects diversity, risk, life-history traits sensitivity topically applied Dursban 480 EC determined. taxa richness single ranged 3 12, 34 pesticides detected at concentrations up 320 ng/g for desmedipham. O. bicornis foraging range relatively large, indicating that ~1000 is important species. studied minor importance bee performance, but or significantly affected bees. Contamination insecticides decreasing mass newly emerged adults not related environmental variables.

Language: Английский

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Wild bees are exposed to low levels of pesticides in urban grasslands and community gardens

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 858, P. 159839 - 159839

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Impact of landscape configuration and composition on pollinator communities across different European biogeographic regions

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 5, 2023

Introduction Heterogeneity in composition and spatial configuration of landscape elements support diversity abundance flower-visiting insects, but this is likely dependent on taxonomic group, scale, weather climatic conditions, particularly impacted by agricultural intensification. Here, we analyzed the impacts both aspects heterogeneity role conditions pollinating insect communities two economically important mass-flowering crops across Europe. Methods Using a standardized approach, collected data five groups (honey bees, bumble other hover flies butterflies) eight oilseed rape apple orchard sites (in adjacent crop margins), European countries (128 total) encompassing four biogeographic regions, quantified habitat calculating relevant metrics for (proportion land-use types) (the aggregation isolation patches). Results We found that insects responded to climate parameters taxon- crop-specific ways. For example, was positively correlated with honey bee solitary fields, fly orchards. In sites, total all pollinators, bees decreased an increasing proportion orchards surrounding landscape. less-intensively managed habitats (i.e., woodland, grassland, meadows, hedgerows) influenced butterflies. Additionally, our showed daily annual temperature, as well precipitation seasonality, affects although, again, these appeared be or crop-specific. Discussion Thus, context global change, findings emphasize importance understanding taxon-specific responses changes land use climate, ensure continued delivery pollination services pollinator-dependent crops.

Language: Английский

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Characterizing environmental contamination by plant protection products along the land-to-sea continuum:a focus on France and French overseas territories

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Home Gardens to Sustainable Development: Perspectives from A Supported Opinion Essay

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(20), P. 13715 - 13715

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Home gardening has a long history that started when humans became sedentary, being traditionally considered an accessible source of food and medicinal plants to treat common illnesses. With trends towards urbanization industrialization, particularly in the post-World War II period, importance home gardens as important spaces for growing reduced they began be increasingly seen decorative leisure spaces. However, awareness negative impacts agricultural intensification human health, quality, ecosystem resilience, biodiversity conservation motivated emergence new approaches concerning gardens. Societies question potential nearby green infrastructures wellbeing, provisioning, traditional varieties, well providers services, such ecological corridors wild species carbon sinks. In this context. foster adaptive resilient social–ecological systems, our supported viewpoint intends more than exhaustive set perceptions, but reflection ideas about contribution sustainable development. We envision these humble strengthening social components, by providing diversified intermingled goods services urban population.

Language: Английский

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Neonicotinoid and EBI fungicide in combination hazard the population of red mason bees under field conditions

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104680 - 104680

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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