Anthropological Archaeology

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108 - 113

Published: July 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Famines in medieval and early modern Europe—Connecting climate and society

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 3, 2023

Abstract The article evaluates recent scholarship on famines in Europe during the medieval and early modern periods ( c . 700–1800), synthesizing state‐of‐the‐art knowledge identifying both research gaps interdisciplinary potentials. Particular focus is placed how , to what extent climatic change variability given explanatory power famine causation. Current research, supported by advances palaeoclimatology, reveals that anomalous cold conditions constituted main environmental backdrop for severe food production crises could result pre‐industrial Europe. Such occurred most frequently between 1550 1710, climax of Little Ice Age cooling, can be connected strong dependency grain this period. available body demonstrates best understood as interactions societal stressors responding pre‐existing vulnerabilities. Recent has shown responses these famines, appropriation their consequences, have been much more comprehensive, dynamic, substantial than previously assumed. concludes providing recommendations future studies historical famines. This categorized under: Climate, History, Society, Culture > Major Historical Eras Disciplinary Perspectives Paleoclimates Trends Paleoclimate

Language: Английский

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A whale of a plastic tale: A plea for interdisciplinary studies to tackle micro- and nanoplastic pollution in the marine realm

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 846, P. 157187 - 157187

Published: July 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global research priorities for historical ecology to inform conservation

Endangered Species Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54, P. 285 - 310

Published: May 14, 2024

Historical ecology draws on a broad range of information sources and methods to provide insight into ecological social change, especially over the past ∼12000 yr. While its results are often relevant conservation restoration, insights from diverse disciplines, environments, geographies have frequently remained siloed or underrepresented, restricting their full potential. Here, scholars practitioners working in marine, freshwater, terrestrial environments 6 continents various archipelagoes synthesize knowledge fields history, anthropology, paleontology, with goal describing global research priorities for historical influence conservation. We used structured decision-making process identify address questions 4 key priority areas: (1) concepts, (2) co-production community engagement, (3) policy management, (4) climate change impacts. This work highlights ways that has developed matured use novel sources, efforts move beyond extractive practices toward co-production, application management challenges including change. demonstrate this field brought together researchers across connected academics practitioners, engaged communities create apply our shared future.

Language: Английский

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Developing Transdisciplinary Approaches to Sustainability Challenges: The Need to Model Socio-Environmental Systems in the Longue Durée

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 10234 - 10234

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Human beings are an active component of every terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. Although our local impact the evolution these ecosystems has been undeniable and extensively documented, it remains unclear precisely how activities altering them, in part because dynamic systems structured by complex, non-linear feedback processes cascading effects. We argue that is only studying human–environment interactions over timescales greatly exceed lifespan any individual human (i.e., deep past or longue durée), we can hope to fully understand such their implications. In this article, identify some key challenges faced integrating long-term datasets with those other areas sustainability science, suggest useful ways forward. Specifically, (a) highlight potential historical sciences for (b) stress need integrate theoretical frameworks wherein humans seen as inherently entangled environment, (c) propose formal computational modelling ideal platform overcome transdisciplinary work across large, multiple, geographical temporal scales. Our goal provide a manifesto integrated scientific approach study socio-ecological long term.

Language: Английский

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Shell Midden Archaeology: Current Trends and Future Directions

Journal of Archaeological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 309 - 366

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Abstract Since the 19th century, study of shell middens has played an important role in archaeological research. Shell midden and broader coastal archaeology have transformed our understanding human relationships with aquatic habitats, demonstrating importance marine environments to evolution ecology, colonization islands establishment maritime trade networks, changing social political dynamics, a variety other issues. During past two decades, research greatly increased, marking exciting time for new discoveries heightened collaboration Indigenous communities. Several key trends during 10–15 years include on site distribution temporality, underwater archaeology, historical terraforming, landscape legacies, community collaboration. These demonstrate ways which archaeologists are shaping environmental change around world.

Language: Английский

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Tree rings, forest composition, and LiDAR reveal historical forests and past agricultural land use at George Washington’s Mount Vernon

Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Tree-ring records of tree growth and age, current forest composition, LiDAR bare earth elevation models each enable reconstructions land-use histories. Combining these complementary methods, we investigate the mansion house farm, remaining portion George Washington’s Mount Vernon agricultural plantation (Virginia, USA) for environmental legacies that persist from eighteenth century. Across Vernon, enslaved labor grew tobacco, wheat, other produce; however, Washington also described farm as an English landscape design with forests scattered trees. These methods reveal a remnant fields in supports historical documents maps extending back to lifetime. Trees dating century remain on this are found near steeper slopes. Ordination present-day show distinct composition locations depicted 1793 map. associated older ages tree-ring samples. A comparison sampling at two spatial scales (1-ha vs 400 m 2 ) shows selecting trees across larger scale is more likely include old when considering external, morphological characteristics age. terrain elevations evidence cross-plowing, method frequently used by ridges furrows approximately right angles, areas now forested. The preserved record past apparent ages, consistently highlights long duration pervasive extent agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Considering the Whole Environment in the Arctic Past

Current Anthropology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 000 - 000

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Modern coastal ecosystems of the American Southeast are shaped by deep-time human-environment interactions

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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From Historical Archives to Algorithms: Reconstructing Biodiversity Patterns in 19th Century Bavaria

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 315 - 315

Published: April 26, 2025

Historical archives hold untapped potential for understanding long-term biodiversity change. This study introduces computational approaches to historical ecology, combining archival research, text analysis, and spatial mapping reconstruct past patterns. Using the 1845 Bavarian Animal Observation Dataset (AOD1845), a comprehensive survey of vertebrate species across 119 districts, we transform 5400 prose records into structured ecological data. Our analyses reveal how distributions, habitat associations, human–wildlife interactions were shaped by land use environmental pressures in pre-industrial Bavaria. Beyond documenting baselines, captures early perceptions loss decline. We emphasise critical role expertise interpreting sources avoiding anachronisms when integrating data with modern frameworks. By bridging humanities sciences, this work shows digitised methods can open new frontiers conservation science, restoration Anthropocene studies. The findings advocate systematic mobilisation datasets better understand change over time.

Language: Английский

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